Objective To explore the application value in primary hospitals using conventional ultrasound and ultrasonic elastography in the diagnosis and surgery of breast cancer both in the diagnosis of joint.Methods One hundred and sixteen patients with breast disease confirmed by surgical pathology were studied retrospectively .All the patients were examined by acoustic elastogra-phy and conventional ultrasonography before surgery.Results Pathological results of 116cases were:74 malignanies and 42 benigni-ties.①Preoperative routine ultrasonography in diagnosis of benign breast lesions in 41 cases, 65 cases of malignant lesions.Ultra-sonography showed that benign lesions were round or oval, smooth edge, no obvious signs of malignant microcalcifications, breast cancer spiculation (87.84%, 65/74), intralesional calcification (62.16%, 46/74).With the pathology of routine preoperative ul-trasound diagnosis coincidence rate was 91.38%(106/116).②Ultrasonic elastography in diagnosis of breast benign lesions in 39 ca-ses, 66 cases of malignant lesions, benign lesions of ultrasound elastography score of 1-2 (92.86%, 39/42); malignant lesions of ultrasound elastography score of 3-5 (89.19%, 66/74);and the pathology of preoperative ultrasound elastography diagnosis coinci-dence rate was 90.51% (105/116).③Preoperative ultrasound elastography and conventional ultrasound diagnosis of 42 cases of be-nign lesions, 68 cases of malignant lesions, and pathological diagnosis coincidence rate was 94.82% (110/116).Conclusion Ul-trasound elastography and conventional ultrasound examination can improve the resection of benign and malignant breast lesions diag-nosis in primary hospital diagnosis, as an effective method for the detection of breast cancer before operation .

ObjectiveTo evaluate the efficacy of etanercept in the treatment of active ankylosing spondylitis ( AS) with enthesitis and explore an easy and accurate scoring method.MethodsWe designed this 12-week double-blind,placebo-controlled,randomized clinical study in active AS patients.The first part was a 6-week placebo-controlled period that patients received etanercept or placebo,followed by a 6-week open-label period that all patients received etanercept. At week 0,2,4,6,8,10,12,the scores of enthesitis were recorded.The primary efficacy endpoint was the Mander Index in the two groups. We compared the Maastricht AS Enthesis Score ( MASFS) index,Spondyloarthritis Research Consortium of Canada ( SPARCC) index,Berlin index and San Francisco index with the Mander Index. Results A total of 127 patients were included with 92 in the etanercept group and 35 in the placebo group.In etanercept group there were 25,41,47 patients without enthesitis at week 2,4,6 separately. At week 12,more than 70％ patients' enthesitis in two groups turned negative.The primary endpoint,as the Mander Index at week 6,was achieved by 0(0,2) score in the etanercept group compared with 1 (0,3) score in the placebo group (P =0.0286). Among the four Indexes.the San Francisco Index was the one most COrrelated with the Mander Index.Conclusion Etanercept can improve the symptoms of enthesitis fast and significantly. In clinics,the San Francisco Index is easier to operate and more accurate for assessment.

Objective To study the burden of dementia patients' caregivers and related influencing elements.Methods A survey was carried out in 152 dementia patients' caregivers after studying the prevalence of dementia in Gushan town using self-designed questionnaires.Results Among the 152 earegivers,65.13% received primary school education or below.And those taking care of disabled dementia patients,taking care of patients with higher ADL scores,attending on without professional helper,having insufficient knowledge,reluctant to give care,and spending much time on it got higher burden score.Conclusions Among caregivers of dementia patients,females are more than males;sons,daughters and spouse are the primary caregivers.Their education level is low,and the caregivers don't have enough knowledge on dementia care and can't give enough service to the senile dementia patients.

Adult ; Epithelioid Cells ; pathology ; Humans ; Male ; Perivascular Epithelioid Cell Neoplasms ; pathology

China ; Cleft Lip ; etiology ; therapy ; Cleft Palate ; etiology ; therapy ; Humans

Objective To explore the distribution and genotypes of plasmid-mediated quionlone resistance (PMQR)genes and intI1 integrase genes in Enterobacteriaceae isolates.Methods The PMQR genes and intI1 integrase genes were identified by polymerase chain reaction in the nonduplicate strains of E.coli (80),E.cloacae (18)and K.pneunoniae (27).The positive PCR products were subj ect to DNA sequencing analysis.The gene-positive strains were tested by conj ugation experiment.The minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs)of donor,recipient strains and transconj ugants were tested by agar dilution method with quinolones and other antimicrobial agents.Results Sixteen (12.8%)of the 125 Enterobacteriaceae isolates were qnr gene positive,including 8 qnrS1 positive and 8 qnrB6 positive.Furthermore,the aac(6′)-Ib-cr gene was identified in 15 (12.0%) strains.Twenty PMQR-positive isolates harbored intI1 integrase gene.The conjugation experiments were successful in 12 of the 26 PMQR-positive isolates and 7 of the 20 intI1-positive isolates.The MICs of quinolones and other antimicrobial agents against the transconj ugants were higher than the MIC values against recipient strains.Conclusions The PMQR genes are prevalent in Enterobacteriaceae isolates.The PMQR-positive isolates can co-harbor integrase genes.These resistance genes have the feature of horizontal transfer,to which close attention should be paid.

Objective To investigate the effect of femoral design on anterior knee pain after patella reserving total knee arthroplasty. Methods From 15 January to 15 February 2002, 44 patients and 59 knees were followed up. Among these patients, 40 patients and 51 knees were included in this study, the rest cases were excluded for one or more of following factors. 1)Knee flexion was less than 80 degrees;2)Radiography showed that there were surgical errors such as: femoral component flexion more than 30, anterior femoral cortex notching, and patellar baja or alta. According to current generally accepted criteria, femoral components were classified as "Patella Friendly" group and "Patella Unfriendly" group. The percentage and severity of anterior knee pain was measured with patient visual pain index and Knee Society Functional Score System. Results The aforementioned two groups consisted of "Patella Friendly" group 21 knees and "Patella Unfriendly" group 31 knees. The average anterior knee pain score of "Patella Friendly" group and "Patella Unfriendly" group was respectively 1.58 (0-8) and 3.32 (0-6). The percentage of pain free patients of the two groups was 64% and 9%. There was significant statistical difference between the groups in terms of anterior knee pain score (t=4.642, P

Localization and quantitation of GnRH, somatostatin (SS), and ?-endorphin (?-EP) in human placentalvilla were studied using immunogold-silver staining method. GnRH and SS immunoreactive positive substance existed in the cytotrophoblasts of many placental villi and in syncytiotrophoblasts of few placental villi, ?-EP immunoreactive positive substance localized in syncytiotrophoblasts of many placental villi and in cytotrophoblasts of few placental villi. These results suggest that the cytotrophoblasts and syncytiotrophoblasts are able to synthesize these three kinds of regulatory peptides, however, SS and GnRH may be synthesized mainly in the cytotrophoblasts, ?-EP mainly be synthesized in the syncytiotrophoblasts. The amount of GnRH and ?-EP in placenta villi show obvious change with progress of pregnancy. This change show a negative relationship between the GnRH and ?-EP, which suggested that there may be a functional reciprocal inhibition between the GnRH and ?-EP.

Objective: To establish the quality standard for Yangyinjiangtang Tablet. (Radix Astragali, Cortex Moutan, Rhizoma Polygoni Cuspidati, Radix Puerariae, etc.). Methods: Radix Astragali, Radix Puerareiae, Cortex Moutan and Rhizoma Polygoni Cuspidatiwere by TLC. Puerarin was determined by HPLC. Results: Radix Astragali, Radix Puerareiae, Cortex Moutan and Rhizoma Polygoni Cuspidati could be detected by TLC. Puerarin showed a good linear relationship at a range of 10.0～60.0 ?g, r=0.9996. The average recovery was 99.6%, and RSD was 1.52%, respectively. Conclusion: The method established is simple, feasible and reproducible. This study provided a method for the quality control of Yangyinjiangtang Tablets.

Henoch-Schonlein purpura(HSP)is the most common vasculitic disease affecting children,which is a multisystem immunoglobulin A mediated vasculitis with a self-limited course affecting the skin,joints,gastrointestinal tract and kidneys.Antiphospholipid syndrome(APS)is a systemic autoimmune disorder characterized by a combination of arterial or venous thrombosis and recurrent fetal loss,accompanied by elevated titers of antiphospholipid antibodies.Both HSP and APS are multisytem diseases and are thought to result from immunologically mediated processes.It was known that APS can associated with HSP,but the relationship between the 2 diseases is unclear.The literature on HSP associated with APS was reviewed and the possible mechanism was analyzed.