BACKGROUND: The large surfaces of the skin are often initial site of contact between microorganism and human. The skin are coated with epidermis and epithelial cells can recognize microorganism and mount a fast defense through the production of various inducible antibiotic peptides. This leads to chracteristic broad spectrum of antimicrobial activity against bacteria, fungi, and viruses. Recent studies introduce us new peptides with antimicrobial activity such as P,-defensins and cathelicidins. They are expressed on the epithelia and polymorphonuclear leukocytes, which are first lines of defence from various invasive environments. Futhermore, they are considered very interesting and important endogenous antibiotics. Our previous study has shown that the expression of human defensin(hBD-2) mRNA, which is potent antibiotic peptide against Gram-negative bacteria(P. aeruginosa), was upregulated with ultraviolet(UV) irradiation, tumor necrosis factor-α(TNF-α) and lipopolysaccharide(LPS) in HaCaT cells. A novel hBD-3, 5-kDa, nonhemolytic antimicrobial peptide, was demonstrated a salt-insensitive broad spectrum of potent antimicrobial activity against many potentially pathogenic microbes in especially, multiresistant S. aureus. We have analyzed the expression patterns of hBD-3 in HaCaT cell lines. OBJECTIVE: This research have done in order to evaluate the expression and regulation of hBD-3 mRNA in human keratinocyte cell lines. METHODS: HaCaT cell lines were used to all culture experiments. Cultured human keratinocytes were stimulated with UV irradiation or TNF-α or LPS to determine whether hBD-3 mRNA production occurred. Reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) was per-formed to amplify hBD-3 cDNA from stimulated keratinocytes in a time dependant manner, and densitometry was used to verify the specificity of RT-PCR amplication products. RESULTS: Expression of hBD-3 was upregulated with UV irradiation, TNF-α and LPS in Ha-CaT cells compared to control CONCLUSIONS: Human keratinocytes are capable to induce hBD-3 mRNA, as well as hBD-2, in response to UV irradiation, TNF-α and LPS. suggesting that these cells could play an important role against the bacterial infection and UV light damage in human skin.
Anti-Bacterial Agents ; Bacteria ; Bacterial Infections ; Cathelicidins ; Cell Line* ; Densitometry ; DNA, Complementary ; Epidermis ; Epithelial Cells ; Fungi ; Humans* ; Keratinocytes ; Necrosis ; Neutrophils ; Peptides ; RNA, Messenger ; Sensitivity and Specificity ; Skin ; Ultraviolet Rays

Adult ; Aged ; Disulfiram ; adverse effects ; Drug-Related Side Effects and Adverse Reactions ; Female ; Humans ; Male

Objective To analyze risk factors for acute kidney injury after aortic arch operation under deep hypothermic circulatory arrest.Methods Between January 2005 and June 2011,549 cases aortic arch replacement under deep hypothermic circulatory arrest were retrospectively analyzed.According to the occurrence of acute kidney injury they were divided into two groups.Univariate and multivariate analysis (multiple logistic regression) were used to identify the risk factors.Results AKI occurred in 102 cases (18.6％) and 27 cases(4.9％) had dialysis.Multiple logistic regression showed that body mess Index(OR =1.072,95％ CI:1.006-1.141,P =0.031),serum creatinin (OR =1.011,95％ CI:1.006-1.017,P =0.000),cardiopulmonary bypass time(OR =1.006,95 ％ CI:1.002-1.009,P =0.005) and the peak intraoperative glucose level (OR =1.007,95 ％ CI:1.002-1.011,P =0.003) were independent risk factors for AKI.Conclusion The higher BMI,serum creatinin level maybe indicate the occurrence of AKI,and AKI maybe can be reduced by controlling CPB time and intraoperative hyperglycemia.

Objective To explore the treatment of hemangioma associated with thrombopenia(Kasabach-Merritte syndrome,KMS) in infant.Methods The clinical manifestation and the therapy of 14 cases patients with KMS in hospital from 2003 to 2006 were collected ang analyzed,the 400 g/L urea(manufactured by ourself)combined with methylprednisolone local injection were used and followed 0.5 to 1.0 year.Results Two in 14 cases were emergency exairesis,7 cases were recurred for several times,12 cases were cured,1 case was improved,1 case was loss the connection.Conclusions It is an ideal therapy method to use the urea combined with glucocorticoid to treat infancy KMS,little trauma,definite effective,low side effect,high cure rate.

A 46-year-old male patient had recurrent episodes of generalized pruritic wheals during hemodialysis. He has experienced urticaria during hemodialysis whenever he used a capillary dialyser sterilized by ethylene oxide(EO, Polysulfone-) gas which is used to sterilize hemodialysers and other medical equipment. On the other hand, capillary dialyser sterilized by Gamma ray (Hemophad) has not evoked urticaria. Although the presence of EO-specific antibodies was not detected, urticarial rash never developed when the equipment was switched to a gamma-sterilized one. We herein report a case referred to ethylene oxide induced cutaneous hypersensitivity during hemodialysis.
Antibodies ; Capillaries ; Ethylene Oxide ; Exanthema ; Gamma Rays ; Hand ; Humans ; Hypersensitivity* ; Kidneys, Artificial ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Renal Dialysis* ; Urticaria

OBJECTIVETo investigate the effect of different length and diameters on the stability of mini implant and to select optimal length and diameter using continuous variation of parameters.

METHODSTo perform 3-dimensional finite element analysis, finite element models of a maxilla, and mini implants with length of 6-12 mm and diameters of 1.2-2.0 mm were generated. Load of two different forces were applied to the head of mini implant. One type was horizontal force (HF), the other was composite force (CF). The maximum equivalent stress (Max EQV) in maxilla and the maximum displacement (Max DM) of mini implant were evaluated.

RESULTSThe Max EQV in maxilla and Max DM of mini implant decreased as length and diameter increased. When length was more than 9 mm, the evaluation indexes were small and had a less change. Datas indicated that diameter played a more important role in reducing target, and was a more effective parameter in reducing Max EQV when CF was loaded.

CONCLUSIONFrom biomechanical point of view, the choice of the length should not be more than 9 mm. When CF is loaded using the mini implant, diameter exceeding 1.2 mm are optimal design for mini implant.

Many studies have shown that the incidence of type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) is increasing with an annual of 2％ to 5％.As the same with type 2 diabetes mellitus,T1DM is also a risk factor for stroke.Although some T1DM studies have taken stroke as a component of the composite endpoint of cardiovascular events,a few studies have focused on the risk of stroke in patients with T1DM.Recent studies have shown that the risk of stroke in patients with T1DM is significantly higher than those without diabetes mellitus,especially in the population under the age of 50.In addition,the T1DM patients died of the risk of stroke are 3 to 4 times higher than the general population.This article reviews the relationship between T1DM and stroke.

Effective prevention is the best approach for reducing the burden of stroke.The reduction of low-density lipoprotein cholesterol with statins may decrease the risks of patients with the first ever stroke and ischemic stroke or recurrent stroke in patients with transient ischemic attack.In stroke prevention,the treatment of statins has become the most important advance following aspirin and antihypertensive treatment.This article reviews the roles of statins in the prevention of stroke.

Objective:To investigate frequencies of microsatellite instability(MSI)and loss of heterozygosity(LOH)in renal ceil carcinoma(RCC),and to discuss the relationship of clinicopathological characteristics of RCC with MSI and LOH. Methods:Twelve microsatellite markers located at chromosomes 3p,9p and 14q were selected to investigate microsatellite alterations(MSI and LOH)in 31 RCC specimens and their paired metastasis specimens by polymerase chain reaction- polyacrylamide gel elect rophoresis-ethylene dibromide(PCR-PAGE-EB)staining and sequencing.Results:The frequency of MSI could reached 61.3% and that of LOH could reach 54.8%.The highest frequency of MSI was at locus of D9S168(32.3%);the highest frequency of LOH was at locus of D3S1289(21.4%).No correlation was found between MSI or LOH and the patients' age,sex,pathology type and metastastis,except that MSI was correlated with TNM stage of RCC(P

Quite recently,among new emerging contaminants,pharmaceutical and personal care products(PPCPs)and their active metabolites are an emerging environmental issue,due to their presence in the aquatic environment and potential for impacts on wildlife and humans.Carbamazepine is one of the most frequently and at the relatively high concentration levels detected pharmaceuticals in surface water and even in drinking water.Moreover,this drug has displayed high chronic ecotoxicity.A strain of carbamazepine-degrading bacterium was isolated from activated sludge treating pharmaceutical wastewater in Suzhou,China.It was identified as Acinetobacter sp.HY-7,based on biochemical test,16S rRNA and gyrB gene se-quence analysis.Strain HY-7 could grow in liquid mineral salt medium with carbamazepine as sole source of carbon,nitrogen and energy.HPLC analysis revealed the carbamazepine degradation percentage by HY-7 after 10 days was 48% at pH 6.0 and 25?C.Among carbamazepine and the similar structure compounds,in-dole,catechol,naphthalene,anthracene could also be utilized by strain HY-7 for growth,which exhibited a very broad substrate profile.