Objective:The recent therapeutic effects and safety profile of pemetrexed plus cisplatin as first-line chemotherapy in advanced lung adenocarcinoma were evaluated. Methods:A total of 41 chemotherapy-naive locally advanced or metastatic non-small cell lung cancer patients, who were diagnosed with adenocarcinoma by pathological examination, were included. All patients received 500 mg/m2 pemetrexed on day 1. A total dose of 75 mg/m2 cisplatin was divided into three daily doses administered over 3 d. Treat-ments were repeated every three weeks. The therapeutic efficiency and safety profile were evaluated every two treatment cycles. Re-sults:All 41 patients were eligible for the evaluation of therapeutic efficiency. Seventeen patients showed partial response, 20 patients showed stable disease, and four patients showed disease progression. The overall response rate (ORR) was 41.5%and the disease con-trol rate (DCR) was 90.3%. Subgroup analysis showed that the ORR in males was significantly higher than that in females (63.1%vs. 22.7%, P=0.009). The median progression-free survival of all patients was 11.0 months, whereas the median overall survival was 12.6 months. The intracranial lesions of six patients with brain metastases were well controlled after chemotherapy and palliative whole brain radiotherapy. The ORR and DCR for these patients were 83.3%and 100.0%, respectively. In terms of safety, only 4.8%of the pa-tients showed gradesⅢandⅣneutropenia, nausea, or vomiting. Conclusion:Pemetrexed plus cisplatin is an effective and well-tolerat-ed regimen as first-line therapy for patients with lung adenocarcinoma. According to subgroup analysis, efficacy in males was signifi-cantly better than that in females. Good efficacy was observed in patients with brain metastases treated with chemotherapy and pallia-tive whole brain radiotherapy. No additional adverse effects were observed.

Humans ; Hypertension, Pulmonary ; metabolism ; Iron ; metabolism ; Metabolic Diseases

Objective To evaluate plasma natriuretic peptide brain (BNP) levels in elderly male patients with type 2 diabetes and primary osteoporosis.Methods A total of 122 elderly male patients with type 2 diabetes were divided into 3 groups according to bone mineral density(BMD):normal group (41 cases),osteopenia group (40 cases) and osteoporosis group (41 cases),and another 33 age matched healthy subjects as control group.Plasma BNP levels were determined by ELISA.Results Plasma BNP levels in osteoporosis group [(1.95 ± 0.49) pmol/L] and osteopenia group [(1.64±0.48) pmol/L] were significantly elevated compared with that in normal group [(1.32±0.38) pmol/L] and control group [(1.26±0.39) pmol/L] (all P＜0.01).There was a statistical difference between osteoporosis group and osteopenia group (t=3.539,P＜0.05),and also between normal group and control group (t=2.726,P＜0.05).Plasma BNP levels had negative correlation with BMD of 2na-4th lumbar vertebra (r=-0.366) and femoral neck (r=-0.375),body mass index (r=-0.288) and estrodiol (E2) (r=-0.352) (all P＜0.05); while had a positive correlation with parathyroid hormone (PTH) (r=0.353,P＜0.05).Conclusions With BMD declining,plasma BNP levels are elevated in elderly male type 2 diabetes,which may be related to the compensatory increase in PTH and the decrease in estradiol.

objective To investigate the clinicopathological features of mini-cancer of the stomach. Method In this study,out of 296 early gastric cancer cases there were 34 cases of early gastric cancer in which tumor diameter was≤10 mm,among those there were 5 cases with tumor size≤2 mm and 29 cases of the size 2～10 mm. Result Mini-cancer accunted for 2% of all early gastric cancers in this series:All these mini-cancers were of intramucosal cancer(100%),while that took up to 45%in control group in which tumors were between≥2 mm and≤10 mm:Tumors were high or moderately differentiated pathologically in 100%of mini-cancers and 55%in control group.None of mini-cancer patients had lymph node metastasis,however,1 of 29 patients in control group had lymph node metastasis.Both groups had no blood vessel and lymphatic vessel invasion:The differentiation concordance rate between superficial lesions and invasive fronts in mini-cancer was 100%,higher than 86%in control group. Conclusion Gastric mini-cancer is usually of high differentiation,low tumor invasion and low rate of lympy node metastasis than control group.Endoscopic therapy is applicable for most gastric mini-cancers.

Cervical Ripening ; Female ; Humans ; Integrative Medicine ; Pregnancy

Objective To study the relationship between tyrosine phosphorylation(TP)and protein expression of insulin receptor substrate-1(IRS-1)and insulin resistance in patients with gestational diabetes mellitus(GDM).Methods IRS-1 expression and TP in skeleton muscle tissue were determined by Western blot and immunoprecipitation in women with GDM(GDM group,n=22),normal pregnant women(normal pregnancy group,n=22)and normal nonpregnant women(normal nonpregnant group,n=13).Fasting plasma glucose(FPG)and fasting insulin(FINS)were measured by oxidase assay and immunoradioassay. Results(1)The levels of FPG,FINS,and insulin resistance index were calculated according to homeostasis model assessment [ HOMA-IR;(5.6?0.8)mmol/L,(15.4?5.1)mU/L,and 1.2?0.5 ] in GDM group were significantly higher than those in normal pregnancy group [(4.4+0.5)mmol/L,(10.6 ?3.1)mU/L,and 0.8?0.3;P

Objective To explore the status of critical thinking ability and self-directed learning competence and its relationship among nursing students,so as to provide reference for nursing education reformation in military medical university.Methods A total of 161 nursing students were investigated with Selfdirected Learning Competence Scale and Chinese Version of the California Critical Thinking Disposition Inventory (CTDI-CV).Then,analysed the relationship between them.Results The average score of self-directed learning competence of nursing students was (168.77 ± 17.78),and critical thinking ability average score was (305.85 ±32.01 ),and every dimension score was more than 40.Nursing students' self-directed learning competence was positively correlated with critical thinking ability (r=0.611,P＜0.01 ).Conclusions The students who have higher self-dirceted learning competence always get stronger critical thinking ability.To improve nursing students' self-directed learning competence may help enhancing their critical thinking.

The study was conducted to explore the response of growth and yield of Tulipa edulis to flower bud removal and artificial pollination. And flower bud removal and artificial pollination were carried out in the squaring period and bloom stage respectively. The morphological index and biomass indicators were determined and the yield was counted in harvest time. Result showed that flower bud removal was beneficial to the growth of T. edulis, resulting in increasing growth index, biomass as well as the yield of bulb. The diameter and dry weight of T. edulis fruit by artificial pollination were increased significantly compared with the control. Seed setting percentage increased to 100%, and the number of seed as well as the single grain weight increased by 69.03% and 16.48%, respectively, which did not significantly affect the bulb production. In conclusion, Flower bud removal treatment accelerates bulb biomass increase, so as to improve its yield. Artificial pollination raised significantly seed setting percentage, seed number as well as the single grain weight.
Biomass ; Botany ; methods ; Flowers ; growth & development ; physiology ; Pollen ; growth & development ; physiology ; Pollination ; Tulipa ; growth & development ; physiology

The effect of low temperature storage on dormancy breaking, sprouting and growth after planting of Tulipa edulis was studied. The results showed that starch content and activity of amylases significantly decreased during 10 weeks of cold storage, soluble protein content raised at first then decreased, and the peak appeared at the 6th week. However, total soluble sugar content which in- creased slowly at first than rose sharply and reducing sugar content increased during the storage duration. The bulbs with cold storage treatment rooted in the 6th week, which was about 2 weeks earlier than room temperature storage, but there were less new roots in the late period of storage. After stored at a low temperature, bud lengths were longer than that with room temperature treatment. Cold storage treatment could promote earlier emergence, shorten germination time, prolong growth period and improve the yield of bulb, but rarely affect the emergence rate. It was not beneficial to flowering and fruiting. The results indicated that 6-8 weeks of cold storage was deemed to be the key period of dormancy breaking preliminary.
Cold Temperature ; Plant Dormancy ; Plant Roots ; chemistry ; growth & development ; physiology ; Tulipa ; chemistry ; growth & development ; physiology

OBJECTIVETo establish a RP-HPLC method for determination of plasma progesterone and to apply the method for pharmacokinetics study of progesterone-loaded lipid nanoparticles after oral administration in rats.

METHODSThe plasma samples were collected from castrated rat after oral administration of progesterone-loaded lipid nanoparticles and extracted by acetic ether. The determination was performed on a Hypersil C18 column (150 mm X 3.9 mm , 5 microm) with a mobile phase consisting of methanol and water (60:40) at a flow-rate of 0.6 ml/min. The UV detector was at 240 nm and danazol was used as internal standard.

RESULTGood linearity was obtained over the range of 0.02-2 microg/ml progesterone in plasma(r=0.9999, n=3). The quantification limit was (0.02 +/-0.004) microg/ml(n=3) and the limit of detection was 0.005 microg.mL(-1)(S/N = or >3). The inter-and intra-day RSDs were all less than 10% for quality control samples at high-, medium- and low-concentrations. The average absolute recovery rate was 90.5 % and the average method recovery was in the range of 93.4 %-107.5%. The plasma concentration-time curves indicated that tmax was delayed after administration of progesterone-loaded lipid nanoparticles, and the bioavailability was increased significantly, compared with contrast solution.

CONCLUSIONThe method developed is stable, simple, rapid, accurate, sensitive and applicable for determining plasma concentrations of progesterone of progesterone-loaded lipid nanoparticles in pharmacokinetic studies.

Administration, Oral ; Animals ; Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid ; methods ; Drug Compounding ; Lipids ; chemistry ; Male ; Nanoparticles ; Progesterone ; administration & dosage ; blood ; pharmacokinetics ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley