Through analyzing the data of ectopic thyroid glands, to know this kind of congenital lesion deeply. In all the cases, parathyroid gland types were more than aberrant thyroid types; the majority cases were single ectopic thyroid; most of ectopic thyroid were present in the neck and mouth; local mass was the most common symptom; adenoma was often associated with ectopic thyroid and there was a high proportion of combined malignant; most cases could not be correctly diagnosed.
Adolescent ; Adult ; Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Child ; Child, Preschool ; Choristoma ; pathology ; Female ; Humans ; Infant ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Thyroid Gland ; pathology ; Young Adult

Objective:To prepare and optimize sorafenib-Eudragit RS nanoparticles( S-E üPs)and investigate the physicochemi-cal properties. Methods:S-E üPs were prepared by a solvent-nonsolvent method. Single factor experiments were used to research the effect of solvent,stabilizer type,carrier ratio and the proportions of water phase and organic phase on the physicochemical properties of S-E üPs. S-E üPs were evaluated by the particle size,zeta potential and morphology,and the in vitro drug release of S-E üPs was studied using dialysis technology. Results:The mean size was(86. 72 ± 3. 71)nm,the PDI and zeta potential was(0. 20 ± 0. 032)and (36. 6 ± 0. 3)mV,respectively,S-E üPs showed spherical shape with uniform distribution. The drug release in vitro was accorded with a Weibull equation. Conclusion:The solvent-nonsolvent method is appropriate for the preparation of S-E üPs. The nanoparticles have small particle size,uniform distribution,regular morphology and significant sustained-release property.

Adolescent ; Adult ; Aged ; Female ; Humans ; Janus Kinase 2 ; genetics ; Karyotyping ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Mutation ; Myelodysplastic Syndromes ; genetics ; Nuclear Proteins ; genetics ; Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-kit ; genetics ; Young Adult ; fms-Like Tyrosine Kinase 3 ; genetics

Adolescent ; Adult ; Audiometry, Pure-Tone ; Ear Protective Devices ; utilization ; Humans ; Middle Aged ; Noise, Occupational ; prevention & control ; Young Adult

OBJECTIVETo explore the possible pain mechanism of chronic prostatitis/chronic pelvic pain syndrome (CP/CPPS).

METHODSThe models of CP/CPPS were established in male Wistar rats by the autoimmune method. The paw withdrawal threshold (PWT) was detected using Von Frey filament. The expressions of the substance P and c-fos in the prostate and spinal L5-S2 segments were determined by immunohistochemistry followed by analysis of their correlation with CP/CPPS.

RESULTSCompared with the control rats, the CP/CPPS models showed significantly decreased PWT (P < 0.05), remarkable prostatic inflammation, enlarged scope of lesions, and obvious interstitial lymphocytic infiltration (P < 0.05). Both the expressions of substance P and c-fos were markedly elevated in the prostate and spinal dorsal horn (L5-S2) of the rat models (P < 0.05), but the expression of substance P in the prostate exhibited no correlation with that in the spinal cord (r = 0.099, P = 0.338), nor did that of c-fos (r = 0.027, P = 0.454).

CONCLUSIONThe upregulated expressions of substance P and c-fos in the spinal cord L5-S2 sections may be associated with the pain mechanism of CP/CPPS.

Animals ; Chronic Disease ; Immunohistochemistry ; Male ; Pelvic Pain ; etiology ; metabolism ; Prostate ; metabolism ; Prostatitis ; complications ; metabolism ; Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-fos ; metabolism ; Rats ; Rats, Wistar ; Spinal Cord ; metabolism ; Substance P ; metabolism ; Syndrome ; Up-Regulation

OBJECTIVETo study the possible mechanisms of chronic nonbacterial prostatitis (CNP) pain.

METHODSCNP models were established in male Wistar rats by the autoimmune method. Then the paw withdrawal threshold (PWT) was detected using the Von Frey filament, prostate pathological examination was conducted, the expressions of substance P (SP) and transient receptor potential vanilloid 1 (TRPV1) in the prostate tissue and L5-S2 spinal segments were determined by immunohistochemistry and their correlations were analyzed.

RESULTSCompared with the control group, the CNP model rats showed markedly decreased PWT (P < 0.05) and obvious inflammation in the prostate tissue, with significant differences in the scope of lesion and interstitial lymphocyte infiltration (P < 0.05). The expressions of SP and TRPV1 in the prostate and spinal cord dorsal horn L5-S2 were remarkably upregulated in the models as compared with the control rats (P < 0.05). However, the expression of SP in the prostate was not correlated with that in the spinal cord (r = 0.099, P = 0.338), nor was that of TRPV1 (r = 0.000, P = 0.5).

CONCLUSIONSP and TRPV1 were involved in the formation and persistence of pain in CNP rats through their upregulated expressions in the L5-S2 spinal segments.

Animals ; Lumbosacral Region ; Male ; Neuralgia ; metabolism ; physiopathology ; Pain ; metabolism ; physiopathology ; Prostate ; metabolism ; Prostatitis ; metabolism ; physiopathology ; Rats ; Rats, Wistar ; Spinal Cord ; metabolism ; Substance P ; metabolism ; TRPV Cation Channels ; metabolism

Adult ; Humans ; Male ; Mediastinitis ; complications ; Neck ; Peritonsillar Abscess ; complications

Objective To investigate the correlation of serum high-mobility group box-1 (HMG-B1) with the severity of lesion of coronary artery disease (CAD) and its prognosis in elderly patients.Methods A total of 180 CAD patients with coronary stenosis exceeding 50 percent by coronary angiography were divided into three groups:one branch stenosis;two branches stenosis and three branches stenosis.The control group included 50 patients without coronary stenosis.The degrees of coronary stenosis were diagnosed as mild stenosis,moderate stenosis and severe stenosis based on improved Gensini scores.The severity of decrements of left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) by echocardiogram were divided into three groups:mild,moderate and severe LVEF.Levels of HMGB1,hs-CRP and glucose were measured in all the patients.According to whether there was a complication of type 2 diabetic mellitus (T2DM),the 180 patients were classified as two groups.The patients were also divided into two groups according to whether there were adverse events.Results The HMGB1 levels of the CAD group were increased along with the number of affected vessels [three bunch group (40.5±6.0) ng/ml,double bunch group (33.1±4.9)μg/L,single bunch group (20.5±3.3)μg/L and control group (6.2±1.4)μg/L (all P＜0.05)].And the HMGB1 levels of the CAD group were increased along with the degrees of CAD stenosis [severe stenosis group (43.0±5.8)μg/L,medium stenosis group (32.1±4.5)μg/L,mild stenosis group(19.3±2.0)μg/L] (all P＜0.05).Meanwhile,the levels of HMGB1 were increased along with the decrement of left ventricular ejection fraction [left ventricular severe dysfunction group (41.0 ± 5.5) μg/L,medium dysfunction group(33.1± 4.3)μg/L,mild dysfunction group (21.3± 2.0)μg/L] (all P＜0.05).CAD with T2DM had a higher HMGB1 level than non-T2DM group[(35.7±5.0) (C)/L vs.(23.3±3.0) (C)/L,P＜0.05].The adverse events group had a higher HMGB1 level than non-adverse events group[(38.7±5.5) (C)/L vs.(25.3±3.3)μg/L,P＜0.05].Besides,HMGB1 had a positive correlation with levels of hs-CRP and glucose(r=0.680,0.571,P＜0.05).Conclusions Serum HMGB1 change is closely related to morbid change degree of elderly CAD patients as well as prognosis.As a new type of inflammatory factor,HMGB1 may serve as a new target for disease treatment.

OBJECTIVETo explore action mechanism of electroacupuncture (EA) at "Fenglong" (ST 40) for treatment of hyperlipidemia.

METHODSForty SPF-grade SD rats were randomly divided into a normal group (group A), a model group (group B), a model diet-control group (group C), a model + EA group (group D) and model diet-control + EA group (group E), 8 cases in each one. The rats in group A were fed with normal diet continuously while those in the rest 4 groups were fed with high-fat diet to establish hyperlipidemia model. Afterwards, the rats in group C and group E were fed with normal diet, while EA at "Fenglong" (ST 40) was applied in group D and group E, 30 min per time, once a day. After 28 days of treatment, macrophage was collected in each group. Oil red O-staining was applied to detect the formation of foam cells, and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISE) was adopted to measure the contents of total cholesterol (TC) in macrophage and analyze the rate of cholesterol efflux.

RESULTSThe counts of positive cells of oil red O-staining and the contents of TC in the group B, group C and group D were significantly increased compared with those in the group A (all P < 0.01). The counts of positive cells and contents of TC in the group C, group D and group E were significantly clecreased compared with those in the group B (all P < 0.01), and the decline in group D was more obvious than that in the group C (all P < 0.01). Compared with group C and group D, the counts of positive cells and contents of TC in the group E was obviously decreased (all P < 0.01), which was not statistically different from group A (P > 0.05). In the meantime, compared with group C, the rate of cholesterol efflux in group D and group E was significantly increased (both P < 0.01), and the rise in group E was more obvious than that in the group D.

CONCLUSIONThe electroacupuncture at "Fenglong" (ST 40) could significantly prohibit the transformation of macrophage into foam cell and increase rate of cholesterol efflux in macrophage, which could prevent and reverse the formation of foam cell and play an essential role in treating hyperlipidemia and stopping it from developing into a further level.

Acupuncture Points ; Animals ; Biological Transport ; Cells, Cultured ; Cholesterol ; metabolism ; Electroacupuncture ; Foam Cells ; metabolism ; Humans ; Hyperlipidemias ; metabolism ; therapy ; Macrophages ; metabolism ; Male ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley

The protoplasts of original Aspergillus niger strain Uco-3 were treated with the cooperation of UV and ?-ray to obtain the high-yielding strain producing the thermostable ?-galactosidase. Under the optimum conditions of formation and regeneration protoplasts were prepared. According to the interaction of positive mutation rate and radiation dose,the optimum condition was determined. The optimum dose of UV was 4 minutes and the optimum dose of ?-ray was 500 Gy. After mutagenetic treatment of protoplasts and selection from a lot of mutants,a mutant DL116 producing the thermostable ?-galactosidase was obtained. The ?-galactosidase activity of DL116 was increased from 16.27 U/mL to 44.37 U/mL,which was higher than that of strain Uco-3.