Vitreous liquefaction is an age-related degenerative change,which will further alter the physicochemical properties of the vitreous and its surrounding tissues,resulting in various related eye diseases.The principal pathologic changes of that are the gradual depletion of hyaluronic acid and the collapse of collagen fibrillar network,with a series of biomechanical changes in vitreous body.This article reviews biomechanical properties of normal vitreous,the current measurements of these properties,formation mechanism and changes of biomechanics properties of vitreous liquefaction and correlation between synchesis and related ocular diseases,which provide insight into the ideas for the effective reduction and treatment of vitreous liquefaction.

Objective To analyze the correlation between serum interleukin-18(IL-18) level and changes of heart function in children with viral myocarditis(VM).Methods Seventy-two cases with VM were selected from Tianjin Children's Hospital.Control group were selected from the patients in surgery outpatient department.The patient group was divided into 3 groups which were named non-heart failure group,heart failure group and cardiogenic shock group.The Pillip Sonos 5500 type echocardiogram was applied to measured the left ventricular fractional shortening(LVFS),ejection fraction (EF),left atrium inner diameter(LAD),left ventricular end diastolic inner diameter (LVEDD)and left ventricular end systolic inner diameter(LVESD) in patient group,descripted function change of their heart.ELISA method was used to measure the content of IL-18 in 15 cases of control group and 36 cases of patient group.All data were analyzed by SPSS 11.5 software.Results 1.The LVESD in shock group were larger than that in non-heart failure group and heart failure group,abnormality probability of LVFS and EF step up from non-heart failure group to heart failure group and to shock group.2.The serum IL-18 level in patient group was higher than that in control group (P

Objective To investigate the effect of cognitive intervention on language function and quality of life (QOL) in elderly patients with post-stroke aphasia.Methods Fifty-five elderly patients with post-stroke aphasia were randomly divided into the control group (n =27) and the experimental group (n=28).The control group received comprehensive treatment including speech-language therapy (SLT),while the experimental group was subjected to additional cognitive intervention.All patients were enrolled in an eight-week rehabilitation program.The mini-mental state examination (MMSE) was used to assess cognitive function,a device for diagnosis and treatment of language disorders,ZM 2.1,was used to evaluate language function,and the 36-item short-form health survey (SF-36) (Chinese version) was used to assess quality of life (QOL),before and after treatment.Results After treatment,MMSE scores,language function scores in all categories and QOL scores in all dimensions improved in both groups (P＜0.05 for both).Furthermore,after treatment,there were significant differences between the two groups in MMSE scores of orientation,recall,attention and calculation,and in scores of overall language ability and the individual categories (P＜0.05 for all).Scores of the experimental group vs.the control group for the individual categories of language function were as follows:simple instructions (76.6 ± 14.1 vs.67.4± 19.3),complex instructions (66.1±12.8 vs.58.2±14.9),yes or no (72.5±12.1 vs.63.0±14.1),naming (55.0 19.5 vs.43.3±22.2),simple comprehension (67.5±21.4 vs.55.620.6),complex comprehension (44.8±17.0 vs.35.0±18.9),listening and reading words (65.4±16.7 vs.53.7±19.3),calculation (39.3±25.8 vs.25.9±19.2),memory (36.4±18.7 vs.26.3±17.8),matching (75.9±18.6 vs.65.3±17.1),simple general knowledge (68.3±18.2 vs.58.0±19.5),complex general knowledge (58.7±17.4 vs.50.0±13.3),orientation (70.7±19.6 vs.60.5±17.2) and comparison (59.9± 14.6 vs.50.2±17.5) (P＜0.05 for all).There were significant differences between the two groups in emotional function (66.7±18.2 vs.53.1±21.2),general health (67.2±12.6 vs.60.7±9.8),mental health (71.0±5.6 vs.63.1±4.2),social functioning (64.7±9.0 vs.59.3±10.2) and vitality (55.4±14.8 vs.46.9±15.6) (P＜0.05 for all).Conclusions Cognitive intervention combined with SLT can contribute to the recovery of language function and the improvement of QOL in elderly patients with post-stroke aphasia.

OBJECTIVETo explore the curative effect and safety of acupuncture for mild cognitive disorders after stroke.

METHODSRandomized controlled trial was adopted and one hundred cases conforming to criteria were divided into a combined acupuncture and medication group (group A) and a medication group (group B), 50 cases in each group. The basic treatment of cerebrovascular disease was applied in two groups. The group A treated was with acupuncture at Baihui (GV 20), Shenting (GV 24) and Qucha (BL 4) etc. and oral administration of Nimodipine. In group B, Nimodipine was taken orally. The treatment lasted for 3 months, the scores of Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE), modified Hasegawa Dementia Scale (HDS-R) and Barthel Index (BI) were observed before and after treatment in two groups.

RESULTSThe total effective rate in group A was 66.7% (32/48), which was superior to 30.4% (14/46) in group B (P < 0.05). The scores of MMSE, HDS-R and BI after treatment were apparently improved as compared with those before treatment in two groups (all P < 0.01). The improvements in group A were superior to those in group B (all P < 0.05). There was no adverse event reported during the treatment in two groups.

CONCLUSIONAcupuncture can improve activity of daily living and has significant effect in treating mild cognition disorders after stroke without adverse reactions.

Acupuncture Therapy ; Aged ; Cognition ; Cognition Disorders ; etiology ; psychology ; therapy ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Stroke ; complications ; Treatment Outcome

Aging ; Animals ; Brain ; drug effects ; metabolism ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; pharmacology ; Male ; Neurotransmitter Agents ; metabolism ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley

Arrhythmias, Cardiac ; etiology ; therapy ; Gap Junctions ; Stem Cell Transplantation ; adverse effects

A strain of Cellulosimicrobium cellulans Ha8 was studied on its morphological, biological characteristics and its utilization of several kinds of benzoic compounds, the results showed this strain was Gram-positive, the long rod-shaped cells were changed into short rod-shape gradually. pH value from pH 6.0 to pH 9.0 and the temperature from 20 ℃ to 40 ℃ were good for its growth. It could not only hydrolyze protein and starch, use cellulose and pectin, decomposite chitin, liquify gelatin and fix nitrogen, but also use phenol, xylene, benzoic, cinnamic acids and diphenlamine as the sole carbon resource for its growth. It could tolerate 0 mmol/L~30 mmol/L, 0 mmol/L~8 mmol/L, 0 mmol/L~30 mmol/L, 0 mmol/L~15 mmol/L and 0 mmol/L ~ 40 mmol/L of benzoic acids, phenol, xylene, cinnamic acids and diphenlamine seperately, but could not use 2,4-dinitrophenol, o-Nitrophenol, 2-Methoxyphenol, aminobenzenesulfonic acid, catechol and o-Phenanthroline as its sole carbon resource.

Objective To investigate whether functional Wnt-?-catenin signaling is present in activated hepatic stellate cells (HSC),and the effect of blocking this signaling on activation of HSC. Methods?-catenin expression in HSC was examined by immunocytochemistry.Wnt signalings in HSC-T6 were assessed using a T cell factor (TCF)-dependent luciferase reporter gene (pTOP- FLASH) assay.Wnt signalings in HSC-T6 were blocked by transfecting with a dominant negative TCF (dnTCF) expression plasmid,then the expression of alpha smooth muscle actin (?-SMA) and collagen typeⅠwere examined by Western blot.Results?-catenin staining was positive in the nuclei of HSC-T6.Luciferase activity in the cells transfected with pTOPFLASH was significantly higher than that in the cells transfected with pFOPFLASH (P

Objective:To study the effects of zinc deficiency on bone histomorphometric parameters of femoral distal diaphysis in rats. Methods:Thirty Wistar rats were randomly allocated into three groups:the zinc-deficient group(ZD), the control group(Cont),and the pair-fed group(ZP). After the rats had been fed for eight weeks, the histomorphometric and dynamic parameters of the rats were analysed using bone histomorphometric method. Results:The number, volume and connectivity of trabecular bone, and the mean trabecular plate density of ZD rats were significantly decreased, but their mean trabecular plate space was significantly increased. In addition, the data showed that ZD animals had significantly decreased trabecular osteoid surface, reduced velocity of bone formation as compared with Cont and ZP animals. The results showed that in ZD rats the mineral deposit rate was significantly slow, while the mineralization lag and osteoid maturation period were obviously prolonged. Conclusion: Zinc deficiency reduces velocity of bone formation and prolongs bone mineralization and destroys bone structure.