AlM:To compare the efficacy and complication of extra-trabeculotomy in combination with trabeculectomy and trabeculectomy and compound trabeculectomy in the treatment of primary infantile glaucoma.
METHODS: Patients with primary infantile glaucoma undergone one of the three procedures from Jan 2006 to Jan 2014 were selected. Among them, group A ( 20 patients, 31 eyes ) underwent extra- trabeculotomy in combination with trabeculectomy, group B ( 20 patients, 32 eyes ) underwent trabeculectomy, while group C ( 20 patients, 30 eyes) underwent compound trabeculectomyRESULTS:The success rates in group A were 96. 8% at the time of discharge and 90. 3% during follow-up (mean 24mo) ; the rates in group B were 96. 9% and 81. 2%( mean 24mo) the rates in group C were 83. 3% and 76. 7%( mean 24mo ) respectively, the differences being significant (P <0. 05). ln group A and group B, there was no severe complications, while in group C, one case had vitreous prolapse.
CONCLUSlON: Extra - trabeculotomy in combination with trabeculectomy is more efficacious and safer than trabeculectomy and compound trabeculectomy in the treatment of primary infantile glaucoma. lt should be the first choice for primary infantile glaucoma.

Tumor growth depends on the tumor microenvironment(TME).Tumor-associated neutrophils(TANs)are important inflammatory cells in TME.TANs are divided intoN1type with anti-tumor effect andN2type of tumor-promoting effect.Therefore,TANs have both beneficial and harmful aspects of the body.A large number of studies have been shown that TANs affect tumor formation,metastasis,angiogenesis and immune response,regulated by the secretion of cytokines and chemokines.This review will summarize the biological characteristics of TANs,and tumor development,prognosis and treatment of tumor as well as research progress of the relationship between TANs and tumor.

BACKGROUND: Bone marrow mesenchymal stem cell (MSC) is a kind of stem cell with potential of self-repair and multi-differentiation. It may differentiate into neuron, adipose cell and osteoblasts.OBJECTIVE: To observe the transforming efficacy of human bone marrow mesencymal stem cells (hMSCs) into neurons in vitro in different generations so as to provide reliable experimental data for the clinical application of MSCs.DESIGN: Single sample was designed.SETTING: Department of Neurology, Sino-Japan Friendship Hospital,Jilin UniversityPARTICIPANTS: Marrow tissue was collected from 9 cases of spinal fusion in Department of Orthopedics of First Hospital affiliated to Jilin University. Of 9 cases, all of them were in known of the experiment.METHODS: The experiment was performed in Sino-Japan Hospital affiliated to Jilin University from September 2002 to February 2003. The primary and generative culture of hMSCs was given. Experimental and the control groups were divided.-mercaptoethanol was taken as inducer. hMSCs of the 2rd, 4th, 6th and 8th generations were selected for induction in vitro for 6 h. Cytochemistry staining and immunohistochemistry staining were used to assay the expressions of neuronal and astrocytic marked proteins.MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: ① Growth curve analysis on genera tive culture of hMSCs. ② Nissel staining. ③ Immunohistochemical staining.RESULTS: ① Common characters of generative culture: The latent phase of generative culture was 12-24 hours, exponential phase was 7-10 days and 11-13 days later, cell culture entered the platform phase. ② After induction of the 2nd, 4th and 6th generated hMSCs, deep blue granular Nissl body presented in cytoplasm. In 6 hours on the 8th induction, there was no obvious deep blue Nissl structure presented in cytoplasm.③ Except GFAP, NSE and NF-M were expressed in hMSCs of different generations after induction for 6 hours. There was no significant difference in positive rates of the 2nd, 4th and 6th generations (P ＞ 0.05), but the significant difference presented in comparison between the 8th generation and the 2nd, 4thand 6th generations (P ＜ 0.05). CONCLUSION:-mercaptoethanol can induce hMSCs differentiating into neuronal cells in vitro. The positive rates of the 2nd, 4th and 6th generationsare higher remarkably than the 8th generation.

Objective EpCam and Wnt/ β-catenin pathway in colon carcinoma and its clinic-pathological significance of the distribution,studying the relationship between EpCam and Wnt / β-catenin.Methods Retrospective analysis detected by immunohistochemistry 60 cases of colon cancer,20 cases of adjacent atypical hyperplasia,60 normal colon tissue EpCam and Wnt / β-catenin protein expression.Results (1)normal colon tissue,cancer tissue and cancer tissue showed positive expression EpCam clear upward trend,were 23.5％,62.3％,96.5％ ; with normal colonic mucosa to cancer transformation,β-catenin in the membrane expression of the positive rate decreased,while the cytoplasm is followed by increased expression rate in poorly differentiated carcinoma or even nuclear expression,EpCam strong positive expression of Wnt / β-catenin cytoplasmic-positive rate of histological type,depth of invasion,lymph node metastasis; (2)the EpCam with the Wnt / β-catenin expression showed a positive correlation (r =0.653,P ＜0.05) ;(3)high expression EpCam and Wnt / β-catenin in patients with colon significant increase in cancer recurrence rate and 5-year survival rate was significantly reduced.Conclusion EpCam and Wnt / β-catenin pathway in colon cancer positively is correlated,EpCam and Wnt / β-catenin is connected with high expression and tumor invasion,metastasis and prognosis.

BACKGROUND: Monosialotetrahexosylganglioside plays an important role in a variety of physiological processes, such as the nerve cel growth and development, differentiation, regeneration and intracel ular and extracel ular information transmission. OBJECTIVE: To investigate the effects of monosialotetrahexosylganglioside on the changes of gene expression and calcium ion concentration in the course of inducing the mesenchymal stem cells into neuron-like cells with Woodbury’s method. METHODS: The mesenchymal stem cells from Sprague Dawley rats were cultured after isolated and purified, After 5 passages in culture, the cel integrated into a dense monolayer, and treated with 50 mmol/L monosialotetrahexosylganglioside for 24 hours as the monosialotetrahexosylganglioside group; then the mesenchymal stem cells were induced into neuron-like cells with the methods of Woodbury after pre-cultured for 24 hours, and set the control group. The protein and mRNA expression levels of growth-associated protein 43, neuron-specific enolase, neurofilament and nestin were detected by immunocytochemistry and real-time PCR, respectively. The fluorescence intensity of intracel ular free calcium ion before and after inducing was detected by laser scan confocal microscope. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: After induction, the expression levels of growth-associated protein 43, neuron-specific enolase, neurofilament and nestin of the mesenchymal stem cells in the monosialotetrahexosylganglioside group were higher than those in the control group (P < 0.05), demonstrating that monosialotetrahexosylganglioside could promote the differentiation of mesenchymal stem cells into neuron-like cells. The fluorescence intensity in mesenchymal stem cells was increased gradual y in two groups after the medium was replaced by the induction medium, attained its peak value at 100 seconds and then decreased gradual y, but the fluorescence intensity was stil higher than that before the induction at 20 minutes. The fluorescence intensity of intracel ular free Ca2+ was increased significantly in the monosialotetrahexosylganglioside group when compared with the control group (P < 0.05), suggesting that monosialotetrahexosylganglioside could increase the concentration of intracel ular free Ca2+, and intracel ular free Ca2+ may be useful in the course of induction. The changes of protein expression levels of growth-associated protein 43, neuron-specific enolase, neurofilament and nestin were not significant after induction, indicating that Woodbury classic induced programme could regulate the post-transcriptive protein level.

Objective To explore neurobehavioral changes in rats with recurrent seizures and the prevention effect of melatonin.Methods 6-day-old (P6) SD rats were randomly divided into four groups of 24 (n =6):the control group (CONT),melatonin per se group (MEL),recurrent neonatal seizure group (RS) and melatonin administration prior to RS group (RS + MEL).Rats in RS group were subjected to 5 seizures with flurothyl during the first 14 days of life.In RS + MEL group,melatonin was injected at 8:00 before seizures were induced.Neurobehavioral tests including Plane righting experiment,Cliff avoidance test,the grip-strength test and negative geotaxis test were implemented on P24,while open field test on P35.Results (1) Plane righting experiment:the time of plane righting in RS group ((0.33 ± 0.51)s) was significantly shorter than that in the CONT group ((1.17 ± 0.40) s) and RS + MEL group ((0.50 ± 0.54) s) (P ＜ 0.05).(2) Cliff avoidance test:the time of cliff avoidance in RS group ((16.00 ± 6.32) s) was significantly longer than that in CONT group ((4.00 ± 2.60) s)(P ＜ 0.01),while the time of cliff avoidance in RS + MEL group ((7.67 ± 3.26) s) was shorter than that in the RS group (P ＜ 0.05).(3) The grip-strength test:compared with CONT group ((49.50 ± 28.96) s),the time needed to hold on wire in RS group((11.67 ± 7.58)s)was significantly shorter (P ＜ 0.05) and longer in RS+ MEL group ((24.83 ± 6.61) s) (P ＜ 0.05).(4) Negative geotaxis test:the time for rats to turn 180° upward in RS group((7.67 ± 1.36) s) was longer than that in the CONT group ((4.50 ± 2.66) s) and RS + MEL group ((6.17 ± 0.75) s) (P ＜ 0.05).(5) Open field test:the time for rats to begin to run in the RS group ((8.17 ± 3.86) s) was longer than that in the CONT group ((3.00 ± 1.41) s) (P ＜ 0.05).Conclusion The neurobehaviors are damaged following flurothyl-induced recurrent neonatal seizures,and melatonin can reduce the neurobehavioral injury.

Objective:To detect the level of immune related cytokines in the serum of the patient with Parkinson’s Disease (PD) and to explore the influencing factors of the cytokines.Methods:51 patients with PD (PD group) and 35 healthy control (control group) were studied.The two groups were detected the serum concentration of IL-1?,IL-2,IL-6 and TNF-? by the way of radio immunity.Results:The serum level of IL-6 and TNF-? in the PD group is significantly higher than that of the control group (P

OBJECTIVETo analyze the effect of Chinese herbs used by Prof. LI Tao on peripheral blood T subsets in treating multiple sclerosis (MS) by using association rules and statistical methods, thereby providing evidence for optimizing prescriptions.

METHODSData of MS inpatients and outpatients recorded by data collecting system, Xiyuan Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences were resorted. The relationship between Chinese herbs and T cell subsets were analyzed using SPSS17.0 and Aprior module in SPSS Clementine 12.0.

RESULTSRadix bupleuri, Radix Paeoniae alba, Fructus Aurantii, Atractylodes, and Radix Glycyrrhizae were most commonly used herbal combinations.Radix Aconiti lateralis preparata and Rhizoma Smilacis glabrae were often added. Radix Aconiti lateralis preparata was associated with decreased Th1 cells (confidence level 83.78%, supportive level 36.26%). Decreased Th1 cell was associated with Radix Aconiti lateralis preparata (confidence level 71.26%, supportive level 36.26%).Radix Aconiti lateralis preparata was obviously associated with decreased Th1 cells. Radix Bupleuri, Radix Paeoniae alba, bitter orange, Atractylodes , Radix glycyrrhizae, and Radix Aconiti lateralis preparata could reduce peripheral blood Th1 subsets of MS patients and elevate Th2 subsets (all P < 0.01).

CONCLUSIONSThe herbal combination of Radix Bupleuri, Radix Paeoniae alba, Fructus Aurantii, Atractylodes, Radix Glycyrrhizae, Rhizoma Smilacis glabrae, and Radix Aconiti lateralis preparata could lower peripheral blood Th1 cells and elevate Th2 cells, and prevent the relapse of MS possibly by reducing Th1 cells and elevating Th2 cells. Especially Radix Aconiti lateralis preparata played important roles in aforesaid changes of Th1 and Th2.

Aconitum ; chemistry ; Atractylodes ; chemistry ; Bupleurum ; chemistry ; China ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; therapeutic use ; Fruit ; chemistry ; Glycyrrhiza ; chemistry ; Humans ; Multiple Sclerosis ; therapy ; Paeonia ; chemistry ; Plant Roots ; chemistry ; Rhizome ; chemistry ; Smilacaceae ; chemistry ; T-Lymphocyte Subsets ; drug effects

Objective To study the clinicopathological characteristics and prognosis of asymptomatie IgA nephropathy (IgAN) children with pmteinuria and/or microscope haematuria .Methods Clinical and pathological characteristics of 54 children with IgA nephropathy confirmed by renal biopsy were analyzed . These children with IgAN were divided into two groups according to their clinical characteristics at the first onset: asymptomatic IgAN group (AsIgAN) and symptomatic IgAN group (SIgAN) . Histologic changes were classified by Lee SM and Katafuchi semiquantitative scoring system . Results Eighteen children were in AslgAN group and 36 children were in SIgAN group . The degree of proteinuria in SIgAN group [(2 .3±2 .2) g/d] was higher than that in AslgAN group [(0 .4±0 .3) g/d] at the time of biopsy (P＜0 .05) . Although asymptomatic IgAN children were mainly of Lee's type Ⅰ ～Ⅱ, 2 children (11%) were of Lee's type Ⅳ～Ⅴ and 5 cases (27%) presented interstitial injury . Symptomatic IgAN children were mainly of Lee's type Ⅱ ～Ⅲ, there was no significant difference between two groups (P＞0 .05) . Urine micrealbumin was increased in 87% children presented with microscope haematuria . After an average of (26 .9±8 .8)months follow-up, only one case of Lee's Ⅴ progressed into renal failure and the others maintained normal renal function . Conclusions Although children with asymptomatic IgAN have minor clinical symptoms, severe renal pathological lesion and poor prognosis also occur . Urine screening helps to detect renal diseases and renal biopsy should be performed in the patients with increased urine microalbumin .

Objective To investigate the effects of Xuebijing injectio (Chinese herb preparation) on intestinal function and inflammatory responses in severe burn patients. Method Thirty-two patients with comparable severity in burn injury were randomly divided into Xuebijing injectio treatment group (n = 16) and control group (n = 16). Patients in both groups received routine burn therapy, while those in Xuebijing treatment group additionally received Xuebijing injectio 100mL in intravenous drip twice a day for 7 days. Before the treatment and on the 3rd and the 7th day after the treatment, blood concentrations of diamine oxidase (DAO), lipopolysaccharide (LPS) ,tumor necrosis factor-α(TNF-α) and interleukin-6 (IL-6) were determined in both groups. Analysis was made by SPSS 12.0 software. Results The plasma levels of DAO, LPS, TNF-α and IL-6 were decreased in both groups after the treatment. However, the plasma levels of DAO, LPS, TNF-α and IL-6 in the Xuebijing treatment group were significantly lower than those in control group on the 3rd and 7th day after the treatment (P＜ 0.05).Conclusions Xuebijing injectio could protect intestinal function, decrease the plasma level of endotoxin and lessen zhe inflammatory responses in severe burn patients.