AlM:To compare the efficacy and complication of extra-trabeculotomy in combination with trabeculectomy and trabeculectomy and compound trabeculectomy in the treatment of primary infantile glaucoma.
METHODS: Patients with primary infantile glaucoma undergone one of the three procedures from Jan 2006 to Jan 2014 were selected. Among them, group A ( 20 patients, 31 eyes ) underwent extra- trabeculotomy in combination with trabeculectomy, group B ( 20 patients, 32 eyes ) underwent trabeculectomy, while group C ( 20 patients, 30 eyes) underwent compound trabeculectomyRESULTS:The success rates in group A were 96. 8% at the time of discharge and 90. 3% during follow-up (mean 24mo) ; the rates in group B were 96. 9% and 81. 2%( mean 24mo) the rates in group C were 83. 3% and 76. 7%( mean 24mo ) respectively, the differences being significant (P <0. 05). ln group A and group B, there was no severe complications, while in group C, one case had vitreous prolapse.
CONCLUSlON: Extra - trabeculotomy in combination with trabeculectomy is more efficacious and safer than trabeculectomy and compound trabeculectomy in the treatment of primary infantile glaucoma. lt should be the first choice for primary infantile glaucoma.

Tumor growth depends on the tumor microenvironment(TME).Tumor-associated neutrophils(TANs)are important inflammatory cells in TME.TANs are divided intoN1type with anti-tumor effect andN2type of tumor-promoting effect.Therefore,TANs have both beneficial and harmful aspects of the body.A large number of studies have been shown that TANs affect tumor formation,metastasis,angiogenesis and immune response,regulated by the secretion of cytokines and chemokines.This review will summarize the biological characteristics of TANs,and tumor development,prognosis and treatment of tumor as well as research progress of the relationship between TANs and tumor.

Diagnosis, Differential ; Humans ; Medicine, Chinese Traditional

Objective EpCam and Wnt/ β-catenin pathway in colon carcinoma and its clinic-pathological significance of the distribution,studying the relationship between EpCam and Wnt / β-catenin.Methods Retrospective analysis detected by immunohistochemistry 60 cases of colon cancer,20 cases of adjacent atypical hyperplasia,60 normal colon tissue EpCam and Wnt / β-catenin protein expression.Results (1)normal colon tissue,cancer tissue and cancer tissue showed positive expression EpCam clear upward trend,were 23.5％,62.3％,96.5％ ; with normal colonic mucosa to cancer transformation,β-catenin in the membrane expression of the positive rate decreased,while the cytoplasm is followed by increased expression rate in poorly differentiated carcinoma or even nuclear expression,EpCam strong positive expression of Wnt / β-catenin cytoplasmic-positive rate of histological type,depth of invasion,lymph node metastasis; (2)the EpCam with the Wnt / β-catenin expression showed a positive correlation (r =0.653,P ＜0.05) ;(3)high expression EpCam and Wnt / β-catenin in patients with colon significant increase in cancer recurrence rate and 5-year survival rate was significantly reduced.Conclusion EpCam and Wnt / β-catenin pathway in colon cancer positively is correlated,EpCam and Wnt / β-catenin is connected with high expression and tumor invasion,metastasis and prognosis.

BACKGROUND: Monosialotetrahexosylganglioside plays an important role in a variety of physiological processes, such as the nerve cel growth and development, differentiation, regeneration and intracel ular and extracel ular information transmission. OBJECTIVE: To investigate the effects of monosialotetrahexosylganglioside on the changes of gene expression and calcium ion concentration in the course of inducing the mesenchymal stem cells into neuron-like cells with Woodbury’s method. METHODS: The mesenchymal stem cells from Sprague Dawley rats were cultured after isolated and purified, After 5 passages in culture, the cel integrated into a dense monolayer, and treated with 50 mmol/L monosialotetrahexosylganglioside for 24 hours as the monosialotetrahexosylganglioside group; then the mesenchymal stem cells were induced into neuron-like cells with the methods of Woodbury after pre-cultured for 24 hours, and set the control group. The protein and mRNA expression levels of growth-associated protein 43, neuron-specific enolase, neurofilament and nestin were detected by immunocytochemistry and real-time PCR, respectively. The fluorescence intensity of intracel ular free calcium ion before and after inducing was detected by laser scan confocal microscope. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: After induction, the expression levels of growth-associated protein 43, neuron-specific enolase, neurofilament and nestin of the mesenchymal stem cells in the monosialotetrahexosylganglioside group were higher than those in the control group (P < 0.05), demonstrating that monosialotetrahexosylganglioside could promote the differentiation of mesenchymal stem cells into neuron-like cells. The fluorescence intensity in mesenchymal stem cells was increased gradual y in two groups after the medium was replaced by the induction medium, attained its peak value at 100 seconds and then decreased gradual y, but the fluorescence intensity was stil higher than that before the induction at 20 minutes. The fluorescence intensity of intracel ular free Ca2+ was increased significantly in the monosialotetrahexosylganglioside group when compared with the control group (P < 0.05), suggesting that monosialotetrahexosylganglioside could increase the concentration of intracel ular free Ca2+, and intracel ular free Ca2+ may be useful in the course of induction. The changes of protein expression levels of growth-associated protein 43, neuron-specific enolase, neurofilament and nestin were not significant after induction, indicating that Woodbury classic induced programme could regulate the post-transcriptive protein level.

Objective To investigate dynamic expressions of cortex clusterin (CLU) and intervention effect of ketogenic diet (KD) on neonatal rats with recurrent seizures.Methods Thirty-six-8-day postnatal SD rats were randomly divided into 3 groups:normal control group (NS + ND group,n =12),and the recurrent-seizure and normal diet group (RS + ND group,n =12),and the recurrent-seizure and KD group (RS + KD group,n =12).From 9 d,rats in RS + ND group and RS + KD group were subjected to recurrent seizures induced by volatile flurothyl 30 min each day for consecutive 8 days.Rats in NS + ND group were placed into the container for an equal amount of time to their counterpart without exposure to flurothyl.Scores on neurological behaviors at 35 days postnatally were examined.CLU protein levels in cerebral cortex were determined by Western blot at 58 days postnatally.Results Neurodevelopmental indicators analysis:in the plane righting experiment,there were significant differences between NS + ND group [(1.03 ± 0.54) s],R S + KD group [(0.89 ± 0.16) s] and RS + ND group [(0.64 ± 0.30) s] about the time of plane righting (all P ＜ 0.05) ; in the negative geotaxis reaction experiment,the rats of NS + ND group [(1.92 ± 0.90) s],and RS + KD group [(5.17 ± 0.72) s] about the time of negative geotaxis reaction were significantly different compared with RS + ND gouup [(7.33 ± 0.65) s] (all P ＜ 0.01).In the cliff avoidance test,there were significant differences between NS + ND group,R S + KD group [(4.33 ± 2.54) s,(8.75 ± 2.26) s] and R S + ND group [(16.58 ± 4.25) s] about the time of cliff avoidance (all P ＜ 0.01).Western blot showed that the expression of CLU in cerebral cortex of the RS + ND group [(2.24 ± 0.53) s] was obviously increased compared with NS + ND group [(1.44 ± 0.11) s] (P ＜0.01),and there also had significant difference between RS + KD group [(1.56 ±0.24) s] and RS + ND group (P ＜ 0.05).Conclusions It shows that the up-regulated expression of CLU in cerebral cortex may be associated with recurrent neonatal seizure-induced brain damage,while KD may protect them from recurrent neonatal seizure-induced brain damage by down-regulating expression of CLU.

Universities are cradles of leadership and full-developed specific professional.Besides specific courses,reasonable sexual health education should be set up to make the students succeed when they grow up.

The tumor microenvironment plays a vital role in the process of tumorigenesis and development.Studies have been confirmed that the tumor microenvironment heterogeneity has a huge impact on the tumor efficacy and drug resistance.This review summarizes the relationship between immune cells and related immune factors in tumor microenvironment as well as vascular endothelial cell heterogeneity and tumor progression and prognosis.So it is better help us understand the tumor microenvironment heterogeneity for the impact of the tumor.This will conduce to us through a variety of methods to enhance the body's anti-tunor ability by inhibi-ting and killing tumor cells.

BACKGROUND: Bone marrow mesenchymal stem cell (MSC) is a kind of stem cell with potential of self-repair and multi-differentiation. It may differentiate into neuron, adipose cell and osteoblasts.OBJECTIVE: To observe the transforming efficacy of human bone marrow mesencymal stem cells (hMSCs) into neurons in vitro in different generations so as to provide reliable experimental data for the clinical application of MSCs.DESIGN: Single sample was designed.SETTING: Department of Neurology, Sino-Japan Friendship Hospital,Jilin UniversityPARTICIPANTS: Marrow tissue was collected from 9 cases of spinal fusion in Department of Orthopedics of First Hospital affiliated to Jilin University. Of 9 cases, all of them were in known of the experiment.METHODS: The experiment was performed in Sino-Japan Hospital affiliated to Jilin University from September 2002 to February 2003. The primary and generative culture of hMSCs was given. Experimental and the control groups were divided.-mercaptoethanol was taken as inducer. hMSCs of the 2rd, 4th, 6th and 8th generations were selected for induction in vitro for 6 h. Cytochemistry staining and immunohistochemistry staining were used to assay the expressions of neuronal and astrocytic marked proteins.MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: ① Growth curve analysis on genera tive culture of hMSCs. ② Nissel staining. ③ Immunohistochemical staining.RESULTS: ① Common characters of generative culture: The latent phase of generative culture was 12-24 hours, exponential phase was 7-10 days and 11-13 days later, cell culture entered the platform phase. ② After induction of the 2nd, 4th and 6th generated hMSCs, deep blue granular Nissl body presented in cytoplasm. In 6 hours on the 8th induction, there was no obvious deep blue Nissl structure presented in cytoplasm.③ Except GFAP, NSE and NF-M were expressed in hMSCs of different generations after induction for 6 hours. There was no significant difference in positive rates of the 2nd, 4th and 6th generations (P ＞ 0.05), but the significant difference presented in comparison between the 8th generation and the 2nd, 4thand 6th generations (P ＜ 0.05). CONCLUSION:-mercaptoethanol can induce hMSCs differentiating into neuronal cells in vitro. The positive rates of the 2nd, 4th and 6th generationsare higher remarkably than the 8th generation.

Objective To investigate the expressions and clinical pathological significance of EpCAM and the β-catenin pathway in colon cancer,and the correlation between EpCAM andβ-catenin.Methods Immunohistochemistry was used to detecte the expressions of EpCAM and β-catenin proteins in colon cancer tissues and corresponding adjacent tissues of 70 cases of colon cancer patients,the clinical and pathological features of colon cancer and their relationship were retrospective analyzed.Results ①EpCAM and β-catenin protein expressions in colon cancer tissue was 52 cases (74.3％) and 55 (78.6％) positive respectively; EpCAM and β-catenin proteins in cancer adjacent tissues in 13 cases( 15.7％ ) and 9 cases ( 12.9％ ) were positive,the differences were statistically significant.②the EpCAM expression is positively correlated with the β-catenin expression ( r =0.616,P ＜ 0.01 ).③The expressions of EpCAM and β-catenin correlated with the tumor differentiation,invasion depth,lymph node metastasis and TNM staging related ( P ＜ 0.05).Conclusion EpCAM and β-catenin pathways in colon cancer positively correlate,and closely correlate with colon cancer.The expression level of EpCAM and β-catenin can be used as a reference for the colon disease course and healing.