Objective To investigate epidemiological pattern of dementia and major subtypes,we conducted a prevalence survey in Beijing,China. Methods A door to door three phase procedure was used to ascertain dementia A Chinese version of Mini Mental State Examination (CMMSE) was administered to all participates in 1997 Then,those who failed the screening tests and those of the normal,but having a suspected history of cognitive impairment were interviewed by neurologists or psychiatrists for a diagnostic assessment of dementia,Alzheimer′s dementia (AD) and vascular dementia (VaD) using the DSM IV,NINCDS ADRDA,and NINCDS AIREN criteria Validity of the diagnostic approach was confirmed by a follow up study in 1998 Participants a total of 5 913 residents aged 55 years and over from 12 urban and 17 rural communities was drawn through a stratified multiple stage cluster sampling 5 743 (96 1%) were interviewed. Results A total of 262 cases of mild to severe dementia were identified The crude and age standardized prevalence in individuals aged 55 years and over were 4 6% and 4 2% for dementia (all causes),2 2% and 2 0% for AD,and 1 6% and 1 5% for VaD,respectively The prevalence of AD increased doubling every 5 years with age,but the prevalence of VaD increased low and slow The age standardized prevalence of AD was 1 7% in men lower than 2 1% in women,but the prevalence of VaD was 1 7% in men higher than 1 3% in women for individuals aged 55 years and over The difference in age standardized prevalence of AD between urban and rural communities was not significant that was 1 8% versus 2 2% in individuals aged 55 years and over; but the corresponding figures of VaD in rural (2 2%) was significantly higher than that in urban (1 0%) Either for AD or for VaD,there were no significant relationships between age standardized prevalence rates and educational levels Conclusion Our overall prevalence of dementia and its subtypes is considerably higher than previously reported estimates from China and similar to those reported in whites The epidemiological and clinical patterns for AD differed from VaD,but it was similar to those reported in whites It suggests that there are no substantial differences across cultures for AD

To set up a new method of detecting bacterial number in situ,NADH fluorescence method based on the fluorescent characteristic of NADH was used.When the concentration of NADH ranged from 10 nmol/L to 0.2 mmol/L,its concentration had a good line relationship to the fluorescence intensity(R2= 0.9905).Separating bacterial cells by centrifugation and extracting NADH with hot Tris-HCl buffer,the re-sult of bacterial count detected with NADH standard plot was 1?104 CFU/mL in an hour.In summary,NADH fluorescence method is rapid,sensitive,simple and reliable to detect total bacterial number.There-fore,the method can be widely applied in the field of food sanitation and safety,environment detection and so on.

Adolescent ; Adult ; Asthenopia ; prevention & control ; Humans ; Male ; Military Personnel ; Radar ; Young Adult

Objective To explore the application of nurse-administered psychological assessment scale for patients early after trauma in the wounded after Wenchuan earthquake.Methods The clinically commonly used self-rating scales (integrated SCL-90,SDS and SAS,and mental status scale in non-psychiatric settings),clinician-administered scale (nurse-administered psychological assessment scale for patients early after trauma)and diagnostic criteria in psychiatric settings(CCMD-3)were employed to assess the mental status of 21 patients after Wenchuan earthquake,and the recovery rates of these scales were analysed.Results All the 21 patients suffered from psychological disturbance to some extent, while none met the criteria of mental diseases.The recovery rate of the integrated SCL-90,SDS and SAS was only 9.5%, while those of the nurse-administered psychological assessment scale for patients early after trauma and mental status scale in non-psychiatric settings reached 100%.Conclusion The nurse-administered psychological assessment scale for patients early after trauma and mental status scale in non-psychiatric settings with fewer items are more suitable for the wounded early after earthquake,with a favourable confidence and efficacy.The diagnostic criteria in psychiatric settings can not be universally used in the wounded after earthquake.

Objective To share our experiences on integrated services in providing fetal diagnosis and postnatal treatment for congenital diaphragmatic hernia(CDH).Methods A retrospective analysis was conducted on 25 pregnancies diagnosed as CDH by both prenatal ultrasound and MRI in Maternal and Children Hospital of Guangdong Province from January 2012 to January 2014.All of the subjects received integral medical management including prenatal management (prenatal diagnosis and consultation), perinatal management (prenatal care and delivery) and neonatal treatment.Results Among the 25 CDH fetuses, 11 were mild, nine were moderate, and five were severe.One severe case, who was diagnosed at 26 gestational weeks, was aborted on demand of the mother.The other 24 cases continued their pregnancy and all delivered after 35 weeks including 13 cesarean sections (one due to twin pregnancy and 12 due to maternal demand) and 11 vaginal birth.The mean gestational age when CDH was diagnosed was (24.5 ± 3.5) weeks, and the 24 women delivered at an average of (37.5 ± 1.4) gestational weeks.The eleven mild cases accepted mask oxygenation.For those 13 moderate or severe CDH cases, all received dexamethasone to promote fetal lung maturity at 32 gestational weeks, seven were intubated before clamp the cord, and the other six did after.These 13 babies accepted high-frequency oscillation ventilation, with a median duration of 58 hours, and some of them treated with inhaled nitric oxide on requirement with a median duration of 52 hours.Except two cases died before operation, the rest 22 cases underwent neonatal surgery.One moderate case died at 48 hours after surgery due to pulmonary hypertension and respiratory failure.Another one severe case withdrew treatment at two months old.The other 20 infants recovered fully.Conclusions Integrated management including prenatal diagnosis and postnatal treatment, provides an effective and streamlined mode for diagnosis and treatment of CDH.Therefore,it might minimize potential medical risks.

Objective: To establish a method of restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) to determine the origin of sika deer bones.Methods: The DNA in the bone samples was extracted after decalcification, and then amplified using polymerase chain reaction (PCR).The origin of the samples was further identified using RFLP analysis.Results: The bone samples of sika deer and red deer could be distinguished from those of pig, bovine and dog by PCR.And the samples of sika deer and red deer could be further distinguished by RFLP through the analysis of the length of restriction enzyme XbaI.Conclusion: A RFLP method is established to determine the origin of sika deer bones.

Objective To evaluate the mental health of medical workers, and develop an EAP suitable for heahhcare sector. Methods A 1-year EAP was implemented in a hospital in Beijing, in which SF-36 and JSS scales were used to study the health-related quality of life and job satisfaction of these workers. Results Work pressure is found to be the main source of pressure for medical workers, accounting for 63.7%. Scores of the group receiving EAP service are found to be significantly higher (P<0.01) in all dimensions (excepting work nature and supervisor dimension) of both SF-36 and JSS. Conclusions Medical workers are exposed to high pressure of work, having strong need for EAP service as result. EAP is an effective means to maintain mental health and improve quality of life and job performance, if applied widely.

Female ; Granulomatosis with Polyangiitis ; complications ; diagnosis ; Humans ; Otitis Media ; diagnosis ; etiology ; Young Adult

Objective: To observe the impact of mind-regulating acupuncture plus donepezil on the cognitive ability, mean cerebral blood flow velocity, event-related potential P300, and activities of daily living (ADL) in the aged patients with Alzheimer disease (AD).Methods: Sixty senile AD patients were divided into a treatment group and a control group following the envelope method for random allocation, with 30 cases in each group. Based on the conventional treatment of the internal medicine, the control group received oral donepezil, and the treatment group received oral donepezil plus mind-regulating acupuncture. After 4-week treatment, the two groups were evaluated by the mini-mental state examination (MMSE), Alzheimer disease assessment scale-cognitive part (ADAS-Cog), and ADL; changes in P300 and the mean cerebral blood flow velocity were also observed.Results: Before treatment, there were no significant differences in the scores of MMSE, ADAS-Cog, or ADL between the two groups (P>0.05). The MMSE score increased after treatment in both groups and was notably higher in the treatment group than in the control group, showing intra-group and inter-group statistical significance (P<0.05). After treatment, the ADAS-Cog and ADL scores dropped in both groups and were markedly lower in the treatment group than in the control group, also showing intra-group and inter-group statistical significance (P<0.05). Compared with the same group before treatment, the latency of P300 was shortened and the amplitude was extended in both groups, all with statistical significance (P<0.05); the latency was shorter and the amplitude was larger in the treatment group than in the control group after treatment, presenting significant between-group differences (P<0.05). The mean blood flow velocity accelerated after the intervention in both groups, and the differences were statistically significant (P<0.05); the improvement in the treatment group was more notable than that in the control group (P<0.05).Conclusion: Mind-regulating acupuncture plus donepezil can regulate the latency and amplitude of P300, increase cerebral blood flow, and improve the learning and memory abilities of AD patients.

ObjectiveTo study the differentiation of adipose tissue-derived mesenchymal stem cells (ADMSCs) into cardiomyocytes in vitro. MethodsADMSCs were isolated and purified by the method of digesting and adhering to the culture plastis. The third generation of cells were determined with immunocytochemistry method and induced by 5-aza. On the 7th, 14th, 21st, 28th day after being induced, the surface antigen of myoblast cell and cardiac myocyte were determined, the expression of gene of GATA4 and Nkx2.5 were tested, and the content of atrial natriuretic polypeptide (ANP) assayed. ResultsImmunocytochemical staining showed CD44, CD13, CD105 positive, CD45, CD34, HLA-DR, factor Ⅷ negative. After being induced by 5-aza, the direction of cell arraying was gradually similar. The cells were stained positively for Desmin, α-Sarcomeric Actin, myosin heavy chain and Troponin T. The cells express GATA4 and Nkx2.5 and secrete ANP. ConclusionThere was mesenchymal stem cells in human adipose tissue. 5-aza may induce ADMSCs to differentiate into cardiomyocytes in vitro.