The emphasis and basic target of medical education is to cultivate medical students with high qualities. The qualities of medical students include professional ethics, self-cultivation, medical knowledge and physical-psychological quality, which is critical to the medical education. It has been proven that the teaching of Clinical Pathway is one of the most important factors to promote the improvement of comprehensive qualities of medical students.

Ophthalmology is a clinical course which requires students to have practical skills. The traditional clinical teaching method lacks varied means resulting in unsatisfactory teaching effects. Application of multimedia technology not only changes the teaching model, enriches the teaching contents but also improves the quality of ophthalmology teaching. By analyzing the advantages and disadvantages of multimedia application in clinical teaching based on our practice, the paper raises some methods for improvment in order to achieve the best teaching effects.

Breast Neoplasms ; diagnosis ; genetics ; metabolism ; Carcinoma, Intraductal, Noninfiltrating ; genetics ; metabolism ; Chromosomes, Human, Pair 17 ; genetics ; Female ; Genetic Heterogeneity ; Humans ; Immunohistochemistry ; In Situ Hybridization, Fluorescence ; Neoplasm Metastasis ; Neoplasm Recurrence, Local ; Polyploidy ; Receptor, ErbB-2 ; genetics ; metabolism

0.05). Conclusions Autop-hagy/lysosomal pathway was activated immediately after recurrent seizures as indicated by the elevated expression of Beclin1 in cerebral cortex. 3-MA was involved in the regulation of autophagy/lysosomal pathway by down-regulating the expression of Beclin1.

Apoptosis ; Apoptosis Regulatory Proteins ; genetics ; Genetic Vectors ; Humans ; K562 Cells ; Transfection

Objective To evaluate the effect of continuous renal replacement therapy (CRRT) on extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO)-induced expression of inflammatory factors in pig kidney.Methods Twenty-four adult pigs of either sex,weighing 25-32 kg,were randomly divided into 4 groups (n =6 each) using a? random number table:control group (group C),sham operation group (group S),ECMO group and CRRT group.Anesthesia was induced with ketamine,diazepam and atropine and maintained with ketamine and diazepam.The pigs were tracheotomized,intubated and mechanically ventilated.The left femoral arteries were cannulated for MAP monitoring.Heparin 150 U/kg was injected intravenously.Right femoral artery and left internal jugular vein were cannulated for blood-letting and fluid infusion.In ECMO and CRRT groups,ECMO was performed for 24 h starting from 1 h after cannulation,in addition CRRT was performed for 24 h simultaneously in ECMO group.The pigs were then sacrificed and kidney specimens were obtained for determination of the content of interleukin-1β (IL-1 β),IL-6 and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) by ELISA.Results There was no significant differ-ence in the content of IL-1β,IL-6 and TNF-α between C and S groups (P ＞ 0.05).Compared with C and S groups,the content of IL-1β,IL-6 and TNF-α was significantly increased in E and CRRT groups (P ＜ 0.01).Compared with group E,the content of IL-1β,IL-6 and TNF-α was significantly decreased in group CRRT (P ＜0.01).Conclusion CRRT can decrease ECMO-induced expression of inflammatory factors in pig kidney to some extent,indicating that it can alleviate the inflammatory responses in kidney.

To introduce Prof. T ian Cong-huo’s commonly used acupuncture methods and their clinical application, in order to summarize the famous doctor’s experience, promote the experience inheritance of Chinese acupuncture, and enhance the therapeutic effect of acupuncture.

Objective To investigate roles of superoxide dismutase-1(SOD1),phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K) /serine/ threonine protein kinase (AKT) signal transduction pathway in protection of propofol on spinal cord ischemic reperfusion injury (SCIRI) in rabbit model before and after ischemia. Methods Sixty Japanese male rabbits were randomly divided into 3 groups (n=20),namely sham-operation group (Group S),ischemia-reperfusion group (Group I/ R) and ischemia-reperfusion group with propofol treatment (Group P). Abdominal aorta of the rabbits in group I/ R and group P were blocked by clamp for 40 min and then the clamp was removed. Propofol (30 mg·kg-1 ) was intravenously infused 10 min before blocking the aorta and at the time of reperfusion. Normal saline was intravenously infused at the same time points in the other two groups. Four rabbits of each group were randomly executed 1,2,3,5,7 days after surgery. Spinal cord tissues at L3-L4 levles were harvested. Bioactivity of SOD1 was detected by ELISA and mRNA expression levels of SOD1,PI3K and AKT were detected by RT-PCR. Results On the 1st day after the surgery,the bioactivity of SOD1 increased significantly in Group I/ R and Group P as compared with that in Group S (P<0. 05). On the 2nd day,compared with Group S,the bioactivity of SOD1 increased significantly in Group P (P<0. 05),but there was no change in Group I/ R (P>0. 05). On the 3rd,the 5th and the 7th day,compared with Group S,the bioactivity of SOD1 decreased significantly in Group I/ R (P<0. 05),but there was no change in Group P (P>0. 05). Linear regression analysis indicated that there was a positive correlation between the changes of SOD1 activity and the mRNA expression of SOD1,PI3K and AKT respectively in spinal cord tissues. Conclusion Pre- and post-ischemic conditioning with propofol shows potent protective effects against SCIRI in the rabbit model. The mechanisms may be related to increased expression of SOD1 in the spinal cord tissues by activating PI3K/ AKT signal transduction pathway.

Objective To study the incidence and the effect of intracoronary stenting for spontaneous coronary artery dissection (SCAD). Methods Data from coronary angiography performed in 2?216 patients were analyzed to discover SCAD. Intracoronary stents were implanted in the patients with SCAD suited for percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI). Aspirin, clopidogrel, heparin or low molecular weight heparin were used on demand during the operation-around period. Results Twenty-six cases of SCAD [19 males, 7 females, mean age (60.9?11.6) years] were discovered. The incidence was 1.17%. Among the 26 patients, 15 suffered from acute myocardial infarction and 11 unstable angina. SCAD occurred in 28 blood vessels of the 26 cases, of which, 1 was in LM, 9 in LAD, 4 in LCX and 14 in RCA. Twenty-three stents were implanted in 19 coronary arteries of 18 patients (15 stentings after PTCA and 4 direct stentings). After PCI, remaining stenosis of one SCAD lesion was

Objective To study the mechanism of CKLF1-plasmid transfer on the myocardial repair in rat AMI models.Methods Eighteen male SD rats were randomly divided into 3 groups and in each separate group,the rats were injected intramuscalary with plasmid DNA encoding CKLF1 gene(n=6),emptyplasmid(n=6)and saline(n=6)with in vivo electroporation respectively.Rats were subjected to left coronary artery ligation on the 6th day after gene transfer and were killed on the 21st day.The expressions of BrdU/?-actin,Ki67/?-actin were assessed by immunohistochemistry.Results BrdU-positive cells in CKLF1 group were more than those in the saline group and the empty plasmid group(cells/HP)(33.11?2.10 vs.14.16?1.63 & 18.46?2.77,P0.05).Conclusion Intramuscular injection with in vivo electroporation of CKLF1 may cause an enhanced myocardial proliferation of acute myocardial infarction tissue in experimental rat.