Comparative Genomic Hybridization ; methods ; DNA ; Gene Expression Profiling ; methods ; Genetics, Medical ; methods ; Humans ; In Situ Hybridization, Fluorescence ; Oligonucleotide Array Sequence Analysis ; methods

Objective To explore the perioperative experiences of congenital heart disease in infants.Methods From Jan.2000 to Aug.2006,109 patients with congenital heart disease were operated in our department,their clinical data were retrospectively collected and analyzed.The patients′ age ranged from 31 days to 3 years old (13.6 months).The body weight ranged from 2.1 to 16 kg (8.6 kg).Ninety-three patients were operated under hypothermic anaesthesia with cardiopulmonary bypass(CPB).Sixteen patients underwent deep thermal and low flow CPB.Ultrafiltration was used in 62 patients.Results There were 8 deaths and the operative mortality was 7.3%,4 cases caused by low output syndromeclos(LOS),3 cases caused by pulmonary hypertension and 1 case caused by lung intection.The morbidity was in 25 cases(22.9%),the main complications were LOS in 6 patients and respiratory complications in 18 patients,hydropericardium in 1 case,respectively.Conclusion To improve the operative and CPB technique,and to improve the skills of the postoperative managements of LOS and respiratory complications are the main points in the success of the cardiac operation in infants.

Objective To study interleukin-1 receptor(IL-1R) and connexin(Cx36) gene expression following Mg 2+-free-induced seizures in cultured developing neuron. Methods Rat embryo cortical neurons cultured for 6 and 17 days were exposed to Mg 2+-free media to induce seizure. At different time after Mg 2+-free treatment, real-time RT-PCR was used to detect IL-1R and Cx36 mRNA expression. Results 1. IL-1R mRNA expression transiently decreased after Mg 2+-free treatment in neurons cultured for 6 and 17 days in vitro. Then the levels of IL-1R mRNA expression recovered in neurons cultured for 6 days, but IL-1R mRNA expression were increased in neurons cultured for 17 days compared with control group and the peak was at 24 hours. 2. In neurons cultured for 6 days in vitro, Cx36 mRNA expression increased after Mg 2+-free treatment compared with control group, the peak was at 24 hours. But in neurons cultured for 17 days in vitro, Cx36 mRNA expression decreased at 6 hours after Mg 2+-free treatment compared with control group, the peak was at 24 hours. Conclusions IL-1R mRNA and Cx36 mRNA expression following Mg 2+-free-induced seizures are different between the neurons cultured for 6 and 17 days in vitro. This is possibly related to the different neuron injury between 6 and 17 days in vitro following seizures.

Objecfive To investigate the role of serum Insulin-like growth factor(IGF)-1,insulinlike growth factor-binding potein(IGFBP)-3 in children with Henoch-Schonlein purpura(HSP).Methods The serum concentration of IGF-1,1GFBP-3 was measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay(ELISA)method in 45 acute SHP patients,40 recoverv patients and 30 healthy controls.Results The serum levels of IGF-1 [(452±183)μg/L],IGFBP-3 [(13 897±3124)μg/L] and C-reactive protein(CRP)[(20±8)mg/L]in acute phase were significantly higher than those in healthy controls(P<0.0 1)and higher than those during recovery period.The serum level of IGF-1,IGFBP-3 for the HSP patients dropped back slowly and their levels during recovery period were the same as those in healthy controls(P>0.05).The serum levels of IGF-1[(621±253)μg/L] and IGFBP-3[(18 763±3173)μg/L] were higher in the renal damage group than in the non-renal damage group(P<0.01).and the same in patients with gastrointestinal symptoms group as in patients without gastrointestinal symptoms group(P>0.05).whereas the serum level of CRP was not significantly different(P>0.05).The serum levels of IGF-1,IGFBP-3 showed positive correlation with the level of CRP(r=0.624,0.672,P<0.01).Conclusion The IGF-1 and IGFBP-3 may play an important role in the pathological mechanism of HSP.The level of IGF-1 may be used as an indicator for HSP disease activity and progression.IGF-1 mav have a close relation with the damageof renaJ system in HSP.

Objective To evaluate the effect of pulmonary function test on infants with obstructive sleep apnea-hypopnea syndrome (OSAHS). Methods Forty-eight patients were divided into two groups based on physical examination. Pulmonary function were measured in 48 patients. Age-matched healthy infants were enrolled as controls. The parameters included ratio of volume to PEF to total expiratory volume(VPTEF/VE,tPTEF/tE),inspiratory time/expiratory time(TI/tE),inspiratory time/total respiratory time(TI/Ttot),ratio of 50% of the tital inspiratory flow to tital volume(TIF_ 50 /V_T),mean inspiratory flow(V_T/TI),function capacity(FRCp),resistance effective(Reff).Results TI/Ttot,ratio of 50% of the tital expiratory flow to 50% of the tital inspiratory flow(TEF_ 50 /TIF_ 50 ),FRCp,Reff were significantly higher in patients compared with controls(P

0.05).After the EN,the level of blood total protein,albumin and prealbumin significantly increased(P

Objective To analyze efficacy and its influencing factors of phenobarbital treatment for epilepsy management in rural China.Methods Total 3 315 patients with convulsive epilepsy from rural areas of 24 counties were enrolled in this joint epilepsy management program.All patients received phenobarbital monotherapy for 1 year during November 2011 to November 2013.The efficacy and potential influencing factors including sex,age,duration of epilepsy,number of seizures in the 12 months before management(≥2),previous treatment,daily dose of phenobarbital,taking other antiepileptic drugs and compliance of patients were studied with multivariate analysis.Results Among 3 315 patients,38.9％ were seizure-free during the entire management period.The rates of seizure-free in 15 to 39 y age group (35.2％,495/1 405)and in patients receiving irregular treatment previously (34.6％,625/1 808)were lower.The rates of seizure-free were higher in patients taking phenobarbital 60-90 mg everyday (49.4％,988/2 000) and those with good compliance(42.3％,1 160/2 744).Patients taking other antiepileptic drugs in 12 months had lower seizure-free rate (31.0％,45/145).Univariate analysis showed that gender of patients was not related to seizure-free rate (P ＞ 0.1).Multivariate analysis showed that the longer duration of epilepsy(OR =0.015,95％ CI:1.008-1.021,P ＜ 0.001),more seizures in the 12 months (OR =0.005,95％ CI:1.002-1.007,P =0.002) and the irregular treatment before management were the risk factors for low seizure-free rate (P ＜ 0.05).Patients received formal treatment or untreated had a lower risk of seizure compare with the irregular treatment (OR =0.737,95％ CI:0.611-0.889,P =0.001;OR =0.566,95％ CI:0.469-0.683,P ＜0.001).Patients with good compliance and with a daily dose of 60-89 mg phenobarbital(OR =0.107,95％ CI:0.013-0.905,P =0.040) were associated with high seizurefree rate;in contrast the poor compliance was a risk factor for not being seizure-free(OR =2.038,95％ CI:1.634-2.541,P ＜ 0.001).Conclusion Regular medication of phenobarbital with good compliance is effective for convulsive epilepsy management in rural China.

Objective:To investigate whether radiotherapy should be delivered before the application of immune checkpoint inhibitor PD-1 in patients with advanced non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) and evaluate the effect of previous radiotherapy on the efficacy and pulmonary toxicity of PD-1 inhibitor.Methods:Clinical data of patients with stage Ⅳ NSCLC who received immunotherapy in Henan Cancer Hospital from March 2015 to September 2019 were retrospectively analyzed. The baseline data of patients, the status of radiotherapy and immunotherapy and the pulmonary toxicity were collected. According to whether radiotherapy was given before PD-1 inhibitor application, all patients were divided into the previous radiotherapy and non-radiotherapy groups. Survival analysis was performed by Kaplan- Meier method. Results:A total of 90 patients were enrolled including 39 cases in the previous radiotherapy group and 51 cases in the non-radiotherapy group. The median follow-up time was 22.9 months. The median progression-free survival (mPFS) in the previous radiotherapy group was 7.5 months (95% CI 5.4-9.5 months), significantly longer compared with 4.1 months (95% CI 3.1-5.1 months) in the non-radiotherapy group ( P=0.003). The median overall survival (mOS) significantly differed between two groups[15.2 months (95% CI 12.3-18.1 months) vs. 9.3 months (95% CI 6.1-12.5 months)]( P=0.040). The incidence of pulmonary toxicity showed no significant difference between two groups ( P=0.154). Conclusions:Patients with stage Ⅳ NSCLC patients in the previous radiotherapy group obtain significantly better mPFS and mOS and similar pulmonary toxicity compared with their counterparts in the non-radiotherapy group. Nevertheless, the findings remain to be validated by subsequent investigations with larger sample size.

Background Studies demonstrated that human amniotic epithelial cells (AECs) have some characteristics of embryonic stem cells and they were used to re-establish the surface of eyes. Human AECs may serve as new seed cells in tissue engineering for corneal epithelium reconstitution in the future. Objective The present study was to investigate the application value of human amniotic epithelium cells transfected by lentiviral vectormediated enhanced green fluorescent protein (EGFP) gene as new seed cell source for engineering the corneal surfacelayer. Methods Lentiviral vector carrying the objective gene EGFP was transfected into human amniotic epithelial cells (pLenti6/V5-DEST),and the transient expression of the transgene in the human amniotic epithelial cells was observed under the fluorescence microscope. Flow cytometry was used to detect the positive expression rates of EGFP in transfected cells. The transfected human amniotic epithelial cells were seeded onto the fresh corneal stromal surface of New Zealand white rabbit and cultured in vitro. The stem cell deficiency ( SCD ) models were established by cutting off the limbus of cornea in 20 eyes of New Zealand white rabbits, and the model rabbits were then divided into 2 groups randomly. The transplanted grafts carrying the pLenti6/V5-DEST-EGFP gene-transferred human amniotic epithelium cells were regarded as the pLenti6/V5-DEST-EGFP group, and the corneal stroma graft without any epithelial cell served as the control group. The opacity of stroma and corneal conjunctivalization and vascularization were observed daily. The rabbits' eyes were extracted one month after operation. The expression of EGFP in the cornea was detected under the fluorescence microscope, and the expression of CK8, CK18 and CK12 in cornea was detected by immunohistochemical staining. Results The shape of the transferred human amniotic epithelial cells resembled normal human amniotic epithelial cells. 48 hours after the transient transfection of EGFP presented with the highest expression level throughout the observation duration, with a positive expression rate of EGFP of 61.5% ,showing significant differences in comparison with that of 12 ( 5.24% ) , 24 ( 38.27% ) or 96 ( 39. 10% ) hours ( P ＜0. 05) post-transfection; but no obvious difference was found in the positive rate of transiently transfected EGFP between 48 hours and 72 hours ( 58.36% ) ( P＞0. 05 ). Six cornea grafts were clear in 1 month and two corneas were rejected during the observation period in the pLenti6/V5-DEST-EGFP group. A few new blood vessels were seen around the graft. Ten corneas of the control group became opaque and cloudy with new blood vessels growth around the grafts. Imunohistochemistry revealed the positive expressions of CK8, CK1 8 and CK12 in the corneal epithelial layer in the pLenti6/V5-DEST-EGFP group. However,the expression of CK12 was absent in the control group. Conclusion Human amniotic epithelium cells transfected with the pLenti6/V5-DEST-EGFP gene is a new and ideal feed cell type to reconstruct the corneal surface layer. Lentivirus is a relatively safe gene transfection vector.

OBJECTIVETo compare the efficacy and safety of docetaxol, pemetrexed and EGFR-TKIs in the second-line treatment for patients with advanced non-small cell lung cancer.

METHODSThe clinical data of 170 patients with advanced non-small cell lung cancer who failed standard first-line chemotherapy were reviewed. Those who received docetaxol as second-line therapy were designated as group A (n = 60), those who received pemetrexed as second-line therapy were designated as group B (n = 49), and those who received EGFR-TKIs as second-line therapy were designated as group C (n = 61). PFS and MST were estimated by Kaplan-Meier method and the differences between groups were compared by log-rank test.

RESULTSThe response rate in the groups A, B and C group was 15.0% (9/60), 24.5% (12/49) and 36.1% (22/61), respectively. The PFS after second-line therapy in the groups A, B and C was 5.49 months (95%CI: 4.03 - 6.95 months), 5.42 months (95%CI: 4.23 - 6.60 months) and 9.31 months (95%CI: 6.88 - 11.73 months), respectively (P = 0.045). The MST after second-line therapy in the groups A, B and C was 14.89 months (95%CI: 11.23 - 18.55 months), 15.81 months (95%CI: 12.11 - 19.52 months) and 17.47 months (95%CI: 13.38 - 21.56 months), respectively (P = 0.574). Regression analysis showed that the performance status score (PS) and response for second-line treatment are independent prognostic factors in each sub-group, and pathological type is an independent prognostic factor in the group C (P = 0.003).

CONCLUSIONSThe safety of the three drugs used as second-line treatment for patients with advanced non-small-cell lung cancer, who failed standard first-line chemotherapy, is comparable, but the EGFR-TKIs group has the highest response rate, and the EGFR-TKIs group has the longest PFS with a statistically significant difference, while there is no significant difference in MST among the three groups. When patients receive second-line treatment, the performance status < 2 and the response rate for second-line treatment are independent prognostic factors. Furthermore, pathological type (adenocarcinoma) is also an independent prognostic factor for EGFR-TKIs as second-line treatment.

Adenocarcinoma ; drug therapy ; pathology ; Aged ; Antimetabolites, Antineoplastic ; therapeutic use ; Antineoplastic Agents ; therapeutic use ; Carcinoma, Non-Small-Cell Lung ; drug therapy ; pathology ; Disease-Free Survival ; Erlotinib Hydrochloride ; Female ; Glutamates ; therapeutic use ; Guanine ; analogs & derivatives ; therapeutic use ; Humans ; Lung Neoplasms ; drug therapy ; pathology ; Male ; Neoplasm Staging ; Pemetrexed ; Protein Kinase Inhibitors ; therapeutic use ; Quinazolines ; therapeutic use ; Receptor, Epidermal Growth Factor ; antagonists & inhibitors ; therapeutic use ; Survival Rate ; Taxoids ; therapeutic use