Objective:To review the research hotspots and evolution of electroencephalogram (EEG) biofeedback in attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) by knowledge mapping software.Methods:Based on web of science core collection database,we searched the literature with keywords (EEG biofeedback OR neurofeedback) AND (ADHD OR attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder) in topic and time limit set before December 31,2015.319 literature were accepted,using the CiteSpace to depict the hot keywords,cited references and countries.Results:United States of America,Germany,Netherlands were top 3 countries in publishing papers of EEG biofeedback in ADHD.Based on burst of cited references,the research evolution of EEG biofeedback in ADHD could be divided into three stages.The hotspots of EEG biofeedback in ADHD were Slow Cortical Potentials protocol and double-blind placebo-controlled study.Conclusion:Future research should focus on the mechanism of EEG biofeedback and such known protocols for individualized treatment,or be designed along the lines of learning theory.

Animals ; Hippocampus ; metabolism ; Long-Term Potentiation ; Male ; Neurogranin ; biosynthesis ; Rats ; Rats, Wistar ; Sleep Deprivation ; metabolism

Objective To investigate the changes in CREB_1 proteins in five brain regions of rats with morphine addiction and withdrawal with the technique of immunohistochemistry. Methods Thirty six adult male Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into six groups (n=6 for each), i.e. acute morphine dependent group, acute abstinence group, acute control group, chronic morphine dependent group, chronic abstinence group and chronic control group. Animals in dependent groups and abstinence groups were administered with morphine by intraperitoneal injection till morphine dependent models were established. The rats in abstinence groups withdrawal syndromes were induced with naloxone 5mg/kg for 30min. The rats in control groups were injected with saline. All rats were sacrificed by decapitation. The coronal sections of discrete brain regions (hypothalamus, nucleus accumbens, prefrontal cortex, locus coeruleus, hippocampus) were obtained. The relative concentrations of CREB_1 protein were determined with immunohistochemistry. Results In acute morphine dependent and abstinence groups, CREB_1 protein decreased significantly compared with the acute control group in locus coeruleus (P0.05). Conclusion The morphine-induced CREB_1 protein changes may reflect differential G protein-cAMP-CREB signal transduction pathways in morphine dependent and abstinence rats.

Objective To analyze the clinical effect of treating adjacent multi-vertebral tuberculosis by anterior radical debridement, titanium mesh bone fusion and internal fixation. Methods Twenty-four patients with adjacent multi-vertebral tuberculosis were treated by anterior radical debridement, titanium mesh bone fusion and internal fixation from April 2002 to May 2004. There were different types of tuberculosis symptoms in all the cases, including local pain and preoperative kyphosis deformity, and paraplegia in 6 cases. The preoperative kyphosis angle was 27.5??3.5?. After intensive anti-tuberculosis medication for 2 to 4 weeks before operation, 24 patients were reconstructed with Ti-Mesh filled with autograft rib and anterior internal fixation. After operation, the anti-tuberculosis medication was continued for one year. Results All the patients were followed up for 1.5 to 2.5 years postoperatively, with the average of 1.9 years. Their focus was eliminated completely, all the wounds healed in the first stage. The postoperative kyphosis angle was 5??2.5?. The average subsidence of Ti-Mesh was (3.5?0.5) mm at 8th weeks postoperation and the loss angle of kyphosis correction was 4.1??1.0? at lastest follow-up. Ti-Mesh began to fuse 3 to 6 months after operation. No looseness and dislocation were found during follow-up period. 6 patients with paraplegia recovered completely after 6 months, and kyphosis was rectified. ESR of these patients reduced a month after operation and reached to normal level after 6 months. Conclusion Anterior radical debridement, titanium mesh bone fusion and internal fixation show good results in treatment of adjacent multi-vertebral tuberculosis. The large bone deficit in the spine after debridement can be successfully reconstructed and kyphosis can be rectified. As the result of a better stability of the spine, secondary paraplegia can be avoided, and there is no need for iliac bone harvest, so without any relative complications.

Objective To investigate the correlation between caspase-3 and left ventricular function at different phases after ischemia-reperfusion. Methods Totally 36 wistar rats were randomly divided into Sham operation group and ischemia-reperfusion(IR)group. The rat ischemic cardiac region of IR group was taken after 1, 3, 6, 12 and 24-hour reperfusion followed to 30-minute ischemia and detected for the activity fragment of caspase-3 P20, the activity of caspase-3, myocardial apoptosis index, left ventricular function (LVF) and creatine kinase-MB (CK-MB) respectively. Results With reperfusion time prolonging, the activity fragment of caspase-3 P20 increased, the activity of caspase-3, myocardial apoptosis index, left ventricular function and CK-MB all changed. The activity fragment of caspase-3 P20 and CK-MB peaked at 6 h, and the activity of caspase-3 and myocardial apoptosis index at 12 h, and then maintained platform; LVSP and ?dp/dt_max increased while LVEDP decreased gradually with the reperfusion time prolonging. All indexes mentioned above of IR group had statistical significance as compared with that of Sham operation group(P

Objective To evaluate the effect of nebulized budesonide and oral prednisolone in treatment of idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis(IPF).Methods Forty-two patients with IPF were randomized to divide into two groups,nebulised budesonide groups and oral prednisolone groups.Symptoms,signs,pulmonary function,arterial blood gases analysis and the adverse effects were measured.ResultsThere were significant improvement of VC and PaO2 of nebulized budesonide and oral prednisolone groups,but there were no significant differences between of nebulized budesonide groups and oral prednisolone groups.The adverse effects in nebulised budesonide group were obviously less than those in oral prednisolone groups.Conclusion Nebulized budesonide was an effective method in treatment of idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis.

OBJECTIVETo explore effects of Tongxinluo Capsule (TC) on platelet activating factor (PAF), vascular endothelial function, thrombolysis in myocardial infarction (TIMI) blood flow, and heart function in acute myocardial infarction (AMI) patients after delayed percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI).

METHODSTotally 80 AMI inpatients were recruited at Department of Cardiology, People's Hospital of Jiangxi Province, from Jan. 2008 to Sep.2013. Those in line with inclusion criteria were randomly assigned to TC treatment group and the conventional treatment group by random digit table, 40 in each group. Besides, another 40 healthy subjects from examinees at Outpatient Department were recruited as a healthy control group. PCI was performed after 1-week treatment. Then blood samples were collected, and then blood contents of CD62P, CD63, GP II b/III a, ET-1, NO, and plasma von Willebrand factor (vWF) levels were detected. Coronary TIMI blood flow and corrected TIMI frame count (CTFC) were determined during PCI. Meanwhile, noninvasive blood pressure (BP) and heart rate (HR) were recorded before and after PCI, and cardiac function measured. They were compared with the healty control group.

RESULTSCompared with the healthy control group, blood contents of CD62p, CD63, GP II b/IIIa receptor compound, vWF, and ET-1 significantly increased, but NO significantly decreased in AMI patients (all P < 0.05). After 1-week intervention of TC, blood contents of CD62p, CD63, GP II b/IIIa receptor compound, vWF, NO, and ET-1 significantly decreased (P < 0.05, P < 0.01). Compared with the conventional treatment group at the same time point, blood contents of CD62p, CD63, GP II b/IIIa receptor compound, vWF, and ET-1 decreased more significantly in the TC group (P < 0.05, P < 0.01), increased NO levels were also more obviously seen (P < 0.01). The aforesaid parameters changed more obviously at day 30, as compared with those changes at week 1 (P < 0.05, P < 0.01). The TIMI blood flow grade and CTFC were more obviously improved after PCI in the two treatment groups. Better TIMI blood flow was seen in the TC group. TIMI level 3 blood flow rate was higher in the TC group than in the conventional treatment group with statistical difference (P < 0.05). The left ventricular ejective factor (LVEF) after PCI was obviously elevated in the TC group and the conventional treatment group (P < 0.01), and the improvement was more obviously seen in the TC group (P < 0.05). There were 6 cases of recurrent angina, 3 cases of ventricular tachycardial (VT)/ventricular fibrillation (VF), 6 cases of heart failure (HF), 1 case of cardiac sudden death in the conventional treatment group, with the total incidence of cardiovascular events being 40% (16/40). There were 2 cases of recurrent angina, 2 cases of VT/VF, 2 cases of HF, no cardiac sudden death in the TC treatment group, with the total incidence of cardiovascular events being 15% (6/40). There was statistical difference in the recurrent rate of cardiovascular events between the two groups (χ² = 2.27, P < 0.05).

CONCLUSIONTC not only could prevent coronary embolism of AMI patients after delayed PCI, attenuate vascular endothelial injury, but also could improve TIMI blood flow, and strengthen cardiac systolic function.

Angioplasty, Balloon, Coronary ; Blood Pressure ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; therapeutic use ; Endothelium, Vascular ; drug effects ; Fibrinolytic Agents ; therapeutic use ; Heart ; drug effects ; Heart Rate ; Humans ; Myocardial Infarction ; drug therapy ; surgery ; Percutaneous Coronary Intervention ; Platelet Activating Factor ; metabolism ; Regional Blood Flow ; von Willebrand Factor ; metabolism

Molecular target-based cancer therapy is playing a more and more important role in cancer therapy because of its high specificity, good tolerance and so on. There are different kinds of molecular targeted drugs such as monoclonal antibodies and small molecular kinase inhibitors, and more than 50 drugs have been approved since 1997. When the first monoclonal antibody, rituximab, was on the market. The development of molecular target-based cancer therapeutics has become the main approach. Based on this, we summarized the drugs approved by FDA and introduced their mechanism of actions and clinical applications. In order to incorporate most molecular targeted drugs and describe clearly various characteristics, we divided them into four categories: drugs related to EGFR, drugs related to antiangiogenesis, drugs related to specific antigen and other targeted drugs. The purpose of this review is to provide a current status of this field and discover the main problems in the molecular targeted therapy.
Angiogenesis Inhibitors ; Antibodies, Monoclonal ; Drug Delivery Systems ; Humans ; Molecular Targeted Therapy ; Neoplasms ; drug therapy ; Protein Kinase Inhibitors ; Receptor, Epidermal Growth Factor ; antagonists & inhibitors

Objective To compare the efficacy of laryngeal mask airway Supreme (LMAS) and Streamlined Liner of the pharynx Airway (SLIPA) in patients undergoing general anesthesia. Methods Eighty ASA Ⅰ or Ⅱ patients aged 18-70 yr weighing 45-80 kg undergoing general anesthesia were randomly divided into 2 groups ( n = 40 each): group LMAS and group SLIPA. Pharyngeal airway was inserted after induction of anesthesia with fentanyl 3μg/kg and propofol 2.0-2.5 mg/kg. MAP, HR, number of insertion, rate of successful placement at first attempt, placement time, airway sealing pressure, peak and mean airway pressure and side effects were recorded. Results There were no significant differences in MAP, HR and rate of successful placement at first attempt between the two groups. The placement time was significantly longer, the airway sealing pressure lower and the incidence of side effects higher in SLIPA group than in LMAS group. There was no significant difference in the peak and mean airway pressure between the 2 groups. Conclusion Both LMAS and SLIPA can assure good airway sealing and adequate ventilation. The complication is rare. The efficacy of LMAS is better.

Endoscopy ; methods ; Female ; Humans ; Meningocele ; surgery ; Middle Aged ; Pterygopalatine Fossa ; surgery