With advances on drug genomics of leukemia,the drug toxicity has been found to be associated with the drug metabolism gene polymorphisms in children with acute lymphoblastic leukemia.Current researches are to focuse on how to find a genotype to predict methotrexate toxicity effectively and treat patients individually.This review illustrates the association between three drug-metabolizing enzyme gene polymorphisms including methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase,reduced folate carrer and glutathione S-transferase and toxicity of methotrexate.

Objective To explore the clinical value of Holter heart rate turbulence in diagnosis of patients at high risk for coronary heart disease.Methods 110 patients with suspected coronary artery disease,according to the results of coronary angiography (CAG),were divided into CAG positive group (67 cases) and CAG negative group (43 cases).Heart rate turbulence and heart rate variability were analyzed in two groups.The atrial fibrillation,atrial flutter,and pseudo-differential interference were removed,the qualified ventricular contraction was selected.Two parameters of HRT,the initial shock value (TO) and turbulence slope value (TS) were calculated.Results The average value of TO and TS was (0.36 ± 0.15) ％,(1.98 ± 0.52) ms/RR in positive group,those in the negative group were (-0.87 ± 0.36) ％ and (4.83 ± 0.65) ms/RR,there were statistically significant differences between two groups (t =1.953,1.976,all P ＜ 0.05).After 1 year follow-up,9 cases (13.44％) died in positive group,2 cases (4.65％) died in negative group,the difference was statistically significant (x2 =5.476,P ＜ 0.05).Conclusion The heart rate turbulence with dynamic cardiogram can help to early diagnose the patients at high risk of coronary heart disease.It was important to improve the survival rate of patients.The method is simple,inexpensive,effective,which is worth promoting in the clinic.

Objective To evaluate the value of hysteroscope in the diagnosis of the cause of perimenopausal uterine bleeding. Methods 158 patients were checked with HS.Orientation biopsy and diagnostic uterine curettage were performed. Results The rate of the sensitivity of HS for endometrial illness was 87.8%(79/90),endometrial ployp 96.20%(25/26),submucous fibromyoma 3/4,endometrial proliferation 62.5%(20/32),Endometrial cancer 3/5. Conclusions Endometrium can be directly seen with HS.The conbination of HS with uterine curettage and pathological examination is an optimal method in early diagnosis of the cause of PUMB.

Malnutrition is highly prevalent in hospitalized children and has been associated with rele-vant clinical outcomes.Timely nutrition risk screening and reasonable nutrition support therapy subsequently for the high risk patients is the best and standard way.Five nutrition risk screening tools have been developed to identify the nutritional risk in hospitalized children.Even though nutrition risk screening is a necessary part of standard pediatric care,there are no international standardized screening tools for pediatric inpatients so far.The near future will provide us with comparative data on teh exi sting tools which may oc ntribute to deve-loping a standard for admitted nutrti ion risk screening in pediatrics.

The research to improve outcomes in critically ill patients through nutrition support has steadily progressed over the past 4 decades. One current approach to this problem is the addition of specific nutrients as primary therapy to improve host defenses and improve the outcomes of critically ill patients. The field is referred to as“pharmaconutrition”,focusing investigations on each nutrient to understand its pharma-cological effects on immune and clinical outcomes. The purpose of this review was to introduce some of the known pharmaconutrients such as glutamine,arginine,ω-3 fatty acids,vitamin C,zinc,and selenium,regard-ing critical ill adults and children.

Objective:To analyze and determine the main component in volatilization oil which is extracted from the Chinese herbal medicine Kaempferia galanga L.Methods:Volatilization oil is obtained by steam-distillation from commercial available Kaempferia galanga L..After re-crystallization,GC-MS,UV-Vis,NMR,IR were processed for analysis and structure determination.Results:The m/z=205 peak in MS represents the quasi-molecular ion peak.The strongest absorption peak at 304nm in UV-Vis shows that there is big conjugated system in the molecule.Along with the data of chemical shifts and coupling constants of 1H-NMR,13C-NMR and wave numbers of IR absorption peaks,the main ingredient of Kaempferia galanga L.volatilization oil is verified as ethyl 3-(4-methoxyphenyl)-(E)-acrylate.Conclusion:We have employed advanced methods in separation and analysis in the determination of structure of the main ingredient in volatilization oil extracted from Kaempferia galanga L.and get detailed data to support the results,the methods are reliable and the results are dependable.

Objective:To study the role of APACHEⅡscore pre-operation to infusion of blood preparation during the periods of hepatectomy.Methods:The correlation between APACHEⅡscore pre-operation and infusion of erythrocyte suspension and plasma were analyzed retrospectively in 104 cases who suffered from hepatectomy.Results:Those whose APACHEⅡscore were less than 5 had significantly lower volume of bleeding and lower infusion of erythrocyte suspension and plasma during the operation than those whose APACHEⅡscore were not less than 5(P

0.05),the clinical control rate were 67.65% and 52.94% (P

Objective:To investigate genetic polymorphism of four X chromosome short tandem repeats(X-STR)loci(DXS7132、 DXS6789,HPRTB,DXS8378)in Chongqing Han population.Methods:EDTA-blood samples were collected from the unrelated individuals in Chongqing.After being extracted with Chelex-100 method,the DNA samples were amplified by PCR technique.The PCR products were analyzed by PAGE,genotyped with silver stain method.Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium was tested,and then used direct counting method to calculate allele and genotype frequency of these four loci.Results:The polymorphisms of all four STR loci were obtained from 120 unrelated females and 91 unrelated males from Chinese Han group.?2 tests on the genotype frequencies in female reveal that genotype frequencies in females did not depart from Hardy—Weinberg equilibrium.Conclusion:It was suggested that DXS7132,DXS6789,HPRTB,DXS8378 locus are suitable for individual identification and paternity testing,and we provide new selectable STR markers for chromosome X haplotype in forensic application.