Aneurysm, Dissecting ; etiology ; Aortic Aneurysm ; complications ; Aortic Rupture ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Sinus of Valsalva ; Ventricular Septum

Aged ; Angina Pectoris ; drug therapy ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; therapeutic use ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Myocardial Ischemia ; drug therapy ; Phytotherapy ; Vasodilator Agents ; therapeutic use

AIMTo study the effects of genistein on proliferation and differentiation of osteoblasts in neonatal rat calvaria cultures.

METHODSOsteoblasts were isolated from neonatal rat calvaria through trypsin and collagenase digestion, and cultured in the presence of different doses of genistein (10(-5) mol/L, 10(-6) mol/L and 10(-7) mol/L). The proliferation and DNA and collagen synthesis of osteoblasts were assayed by MTT method and 3H-TdR and 3H-proline incorporation. The activity of ALP were measured by ALP assay kit.

RESULTSGenistein significantly increased osteoblast 3H-TdR and 3H-proline incorporation and MTT, 10(-6) mol/L genistein increased ALP activity.

CONCLUSIONGenistein increased osteoblast DNA and collagen synthesis in neonatal rat calvaria cultures, and promoted osteoblast proliferation and differentiation.

Animals ; Cell Differentiation ; drug effects ; Cell Proliferation ; drug effects ; Cells, Cultured ; Collagen ; biosynthesis ; DNA ; biosynthesis ; Genistein ; pharmacology ; Osteoblasts ; cytology ; drug effects ; Rats ; Rats, Wistar

AIMTo investigate the effects of genistein on bone mineralization in ovariectomized rats.

METHODSForty-seven Wistar rats were randomly allocated into six groups: sham-operated (sham), ovariectomized (ovx), ovariectomized supplied with diethyl stilbestrol (E, 20 microg x kg bw(-1) x d(-1)) or genistein (25, 50, 100 mg x kg bw(-1) x d(-1)). After the rats had been fed for three months, analysis of the bone mineral density, parameters related to mineralization, bone content of Ca, P, Mg, Mn and Zn and serum concentration of parathyroid calcitonin and estrogen was performed.

RESULTSBone mineral density, bone Ca, P, Zn and Mg content and serum estrogen concentration in ovariectomized rats were significantly decreased, but mean osteoid width increased, mineralization lag time and osteoid maturation period prolonged compared with sham animals. After three months supplementation to ovariectomized rats, bone Ca, P and Mg content increased, mean osteoid width decreased, mineralization lag time and osteoid maturation period shortened compared with ovariectomized animals.

CONCLUSIONGenistein promotes bone mineralization by increasing bone Ca, P, Mg and adjusting serum calcitonin to prevent osteoporosis.

Animals ; Bone Density ; drug effects ; Bone Resorption ; Calcification, Physiologic ; drug effects ; Female ; Genistein ; pharmacology ; Ovariectomy ; Rats ; Rats, Wistar

OBJECTIVETo investigate the levels of cardiovascular disease risk factors and their relations to clinical phenotype associated with coronary artery disease (CAD).

METHODSThe subjects were recruited from five independent cardiovascular centers. Coronary angiography was employed to define the CAD with stenosis in each major vessel > or = 70% and control with stenosis < 10% in every lesion. The classic risk factors including family history, body mass index, smoking habits, hypertension, diabetes mellitus, and serum lipid levels were surveyed according to established criteria. Associations between risk levels and clinical phenotypes were assessed by case control and correlation analysis.

RESULTSA total of 762 individuals were collected, including 481 men and 281 women, aged from 17 to 81 (mean 60 +/- 10) years. The patients with CAD accounted for 55.5% of all participants, and controls 44.5%, respectively. Compared with the pattern in published data, our study showed that mean serum high density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) level was significantly lower (P < 0.001) and triglycerides was significantly higher (P < 0.001), while total cholesterol (TC) and low density lipoprotein cholesterol levels were comparative (both P > 0.05). The prevalence of low HDL-C (< 40 g/L) and hypertriglyceridemia (> 150 g/L) were 27.2% and 41.4%, respectively. Mean serum levels of HDL-C and apolipoprotein A1 were significantly higher in female subjects than in male (P < 0.001). Lower HDL-C functioned as an independent risk factor for CAD only in men (RR = 2.8, 95% CI: 1.5-4. 2, P < 0.001), yet increased non-HDL cholesterol combined with diabetes mellitus and obesity seemed to play a key role in the development of CAD in women. Similarity in risk association with CAD was found for hypertension and TC/HDL ratio in male and female subjects, while family history had no relationship with the presence of CAD.

CONCLUSIONIt is remarkable that emphasis of intervention in future should be given on the prevalent low serum HDL-C and its strong risk correlation with the presence of CAD in male subjects of Chinese Han population.

Adolescent ; Adult ; Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; China ; epidemiology ; Coronary Artery Disease ; epidemiology ; Ethnic Groups ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Risk Factors

Objective To investigate the geographical characteristics of single nucleotide polymorphism(SNP) of candidate genes associated with coronary artery disease in Chinese Han population.Methods Study population were Chinese Han nationality recruited from Xi'an,Shiyan and Ningbo districts.Patients with coronary artery disease were defined by coronary angiography with stenosis ≥ 50% and control subjects with stenosis ＜10%,respectively.The DNA was extracted from peripheral white blood cell by approach comprised proteinase K digestion,phenol and chloroform extraction as well as isopropanol precipitation.The SNP of ATP-binding cassette transporter(ABCA1)-G596A,cholesteryl ester transfer protein(CETP)-Taq1B,Lipoprotein lipase(LPL)-Hind Ⅲ and LPL-Pvu Ⅱ were genotyped by PCR-RFLPs,and verified by gene sequencing.Results A Total of 615 patients undertaken coronary angiography were recruited from cardiac center in Xi'an(220),Ningbo(209)and Shiyan district(186),China (mean age 60±10 years,75.9% males).Diabetes melitus was more prevalent in Xi'an Cohort population than Shiyan and Ningbo cohort(P＜0.01).Plasma total cholesterol,LDL cholestcol and trigtyceride levels in Xi'an Cohort population were significantly higher,and HDL-C siginificantly lower than in Shiyan and Ningbo cohort population [HDL-C:(1.17±0.48)mmol/L vs.(1.25±0.33)mmol/L and (1.29±0.44)mmol/L,P＜0.05].Distribution differences for ABCA1-G596A and CETP-Taq1B genotypes were found in Xi'an Cohort population compared to Ningbo and Shiyan cohorts(for ABCA1,Xi'an:0.24,0.53,0.23 and Shiyan:0.17,0.62,0.21 and Ningbo:0.34,0.37,0.29,for GG,AG,AA,respectively,P＜0.01;and for CETP,Xi'an:0.29,0.54,0.17 and Shiyan:0.38,0.40,0.22 and Ningbo:0.39,0.49,0.12 for B181,B182,B282,respectively,P＜0.01),but not for LPL variants.ABCA1-G596A variant predicted HDL-C [Xi'an:(1.2±0.3)mmol/L,(1.3±0.2)mmol/L and(1.4±0.4)mmol/L,P=0.01;Shiyan:(1.1±0.4)mmol/L:(1.2±0.3)mmol/L and(1.3±0.4)mmol/L,P=0.03;Ningbo,(1.2±0.3)mmol/L,(1.3±0.4)mmol/L and(1.4±0.3)mmol/L,across GG,Gato AA genotype,respectively,P=0.01]and TG levels[Xi'an:(2.4±1.3)mmol/L,(1.9±0.9)mmol/L and(1.6±0.8)mmol/L,P＜0.01;Shiyan:(2.1±1.0)mmol/L,(1.9±0.8)mmol/L and(1.8±0.7)mmol/L,P=0.03;Ningbo:(1.9±1.1) mmol/L,(1.8±0.9) mmol/L and(1.6±0.7)mmol/L,across GG,GA to AA genotype,P=0.05] with dose-dependent relationship.LPL-Hind Ⅲ(+)carriers had higher triglycerides in three cohort population[Xi'an:(2.2±1.0)mmol/L,(1.8±0.9)mmol/L,(1.6±0.7)mmol/L,P=0.01;Shiyan:(2.1±0.7)mmol/L,(1.9±1.0)mmol/L,(1.7±0.6)mmol/L,P=0.01;Ningbo:(1.8±1.0)mmol/L,(1.6±0.6)mmol/L and(1.4±0.5)mmol/L,for +/+,+/-and-/-genotypes,respectively,P=0.001].SNP of CETP-Taq1B,LPL-Hind Ⅲ and LPL-Pvu Ⅱ predicted HDL-C and/or TG levels in different cohort population with different manners.All these SNP were not significantly associated with the development of coronary artery disease (all P＞0.05).Conclusion A geographical heterogeneity of environmental and genetic risk factors related to the development of coronary artery disease exists in Chinese Han population.Irrespective of the different geographical cohort of Chinese Han population,the SNP of candidate genes can partly predict the differences in risk-related plasma HDL-C and/or TG levels rather than angiographic coronary artery disease.

As new evidence emerges, treatment strategies toward the functional cure of chronic hepatitis B are evolving. In 2019, a panel of national hepatologists published a Consensus Statement on the functional cure of chronic hepatitis B. Currently, an international group of hepatologists has been assembled to evaluate research since the publication of the original consensus, and to collaboratively develop the updated statements. The 2.0 Consensus was aimed to update the original consensus with the latest available studies, and provide a comprehensive overview of the current relevant scientific literatures regarding functional cure of hepatitis B, with a particular focus on issues that are not yet fully clarified. These cover the definition of functional cure of hepatitis B, its mechanisms and barriers, the effective strategies and treatment roadmap to achieve this endpoint, in particular new surrogate biomarkers used to measure efficacy or to predict response, and the appropriate approach to pursuing a functional cure in special populations, the development of emerging antivirals and immunomodulators with potential for curing hepatitis B. The statements are primarily intended to offer international guidance for clinicians in their practice to enhance the functional cure rate of chronic hepatitis B.

As new evidence emerges, treatment strategies toward the functional cure of chronic hepatitis B are evolving. In 2019, a panel of national hepatologists published a Consensus Statement on the functional cure of chronic hepatitis B. Currently, an international group of hepatologists has been assembled to evaluate research since the publication of the original consensus, and to collaboratively develop the updated statements. The 2.0 Consensus was aimed to update the original consensus with the latest available studies, and provide a comprehensive overview of the current relevant scientific literatures regarding functional cure of hepatitis B, with a particular focus on issues that are not yet fully clarified. These cover the definition of functional cure of hepatitis B, its mechanisms and barriers, the effective strategies and treatment roadmap to achieve this endpoint, in particular new surrogate biomarkers used to measure efficacy or to predict response, and the appropriate approach to pursuing a functional cure in special populations, the development of emerging antivirals and immunomodulators with potential for curing hepatitis B. The statements are primarily intended to offer international guidance for clinicians in their practice to enhance the functional cure rate of chronic hepatitis B.

As new evidence emerges, treatment strategies toward the functional cure of chronic hepatitis B are evolving. In 2019, a panel of national hepatologists published a Consensus Statement on the functional cure of chronic hepatitis B. Currently, an international group of hepatologists has been assembled to evaluate research since the publication of the original consensus, and to collaboratively develop the updated statements. The 2.0 Consensus was aimed to update the original consensus with the latest available studies, and provide a comprehensive overview of the current relevant scientific literatures regarding functional cure of hepatitis B, with a particular focus on issues that are not yet fully clarified. These cover the definition of functional cure of hepatitis B, its mechanisms and barriers, the effective strategies and treatment roadmap to achieve this endpoint, in particular new surrogate biomarkers used to measure efficacy or to predict response, and the appropriate approach to pursuing a functional cure in special populations, the development of emerging antivirals and immunomodulators with potential for curing hepatitis B. The statements are primarily intended to offer international guidance for clinicians in their practice to enhance the functional cure rate of chronic hepatitis B.