Objective To investigate the effect of total sleep deprivation (TSD) shown in the electroencephalogram (EEG) power spectra in healthy young men. Method 20 healthy young male volunteers (19～22 years old) were subjected to 50 hours of TSD. EEGs were recorded 8 times (6 hours intervals) during TSD. EEG power was calculated for six bands at all 16 derivations.Results 50 hour TSD induced an increase in ? power at the other derivations except both occipitals ( P

Edema, as one of common clinical diseases, could be treated by taking medicines and adopting external therapies with traditional Chinese medicines (TCM). In recent years, there have been many clinical and basic studies concerning external therapies with TCM on edema Data showed that the external therapies are mostly composed of such purgating drugs as Rhei Radix et Rhizoma, Natrii Sulfas and Pharbitidis Semen, heat-clearing drug such as Phellodendri Chinensis Cortex and resuscitation-inducing drug such as Borneolum Syntheticum. The study showed that ingredients of external therapies did not pass through hilum and hepatic system, and thus avoided the first pass effect of livers. They enabled effective components of drugs to be rapidly absorbed through pores and skins, strengthened the effect against edema, shortened the treatment course, decreased side effects, and were convenient and inexpensive. External therapies with TCM could play unique advantages in inhibiting edema in the future clinical studies.
Animals ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; administration & dosage ; Edema ; drug therapy ; Humans

Objective To review and analyse the CT distinguishing features of pulmonary cryptococcosis (PC)for improving the level of image diagnosis of the disease.Methods CT images and clinical details of 19 patients with biopsy or surgery pathology con-firmed PC were reviewed and analysed.Results Nodules or masses were presented in 10 cases,in which most casescases were nod-ules,lesions ranged in diameter from 1 cm to 2.5 cm.Multiple nodules were easy to fuse.Consolidation were presented in 6 cases,with high attenuation and clear border.3 cases were mixed type,with nodule,mass consolidation and ground glass attenuation.The lesions were mostly located in the inferior lobes(47%)and peripheral lung(68%).The features of pleural thickening,air bronchus sign,halo sign and cavitations were observed in 42%,36%,26%,21% of patients respectively.Conclusion CT findings of PC are diversity.The lesions are mostly located in the inferior and peripheral lung.Lesions are mild to moderate enhanced.Pleural thickening,air bronchus sign,halo sign,cavitations will be useful for the diagnosis.

For the determination of the usefulness of the pulsed Doppler echocardiographic diagnosis of ASD. We evaluated 185 children with congenital heart disase by subxiphoid approach. ASD was diagnosed when abnormal flow was recorded in right atrium. ASD was proved by surgery in 33 of 185 children with congenital heart disease, and all children had sugical correction of their heart deformities. On pulsed Doppler echocardiographic exmination, abnormal flow was recorded in 32 of the 33 children with ASD and 3 of 152 children without ASD. This pulsed Doppler echocardiographic diagnosis of ASD by abnormal flow in right atrium has sensitively of 97% and specificity of 98%. High correlation was found between the estimates of Qp/Qs ratio by Doppler and Fick method(r=0.90, P<0.01). So we concluded that pulsed Doppler echocardiographic diagnosis of ASD was specific and sensitive method and careful pulsed Doppler echocardiographic examination may avoid the unnecessary cardiac catheterizetion in patients with ASD.
Child ; Congenital Abnormalities ; Diagnosis ; Echocardiography ; Echocardiography, Doppler* ; Echocardiography, Doppler, Pulsed ; Heart ; Heart Atria ; Heart Defects, Congenital ; Heart Septal Defects, Atrial* ; Humans ; Sensitivity and Specificity

Objective To explore the role of monitoring the cellular immune function in preventing and treating the fungal infection in the recipients of liver transplantation. Methods 679 cadaveric liver transplantations (from Jan. 2004 to Jan. 2010) were retrospectively studied. All the cases were divided into 3 groups according to different treatments and preventing regimens. The patients in groups A, B, C were treated based on the clinical experiences (394 cases), T lymphocyte subsets counting (151 cases), and combination of ATP values of CD4+ T cell and T lymphocyte subsets counting (134 cases), respectively. The infection, mortality and acute rejection rate were analyzed. The relationship between fungal infection and cellular immune function was investigated.Results The fungal infection rate in groups A, B, and C was 28. 9 %, 21.2 %, and 19. 4 % (P<0. 05), the morbidity rate was 16. 7 %, 12. 5%, and 3. 8% (P>0. 05), and the acute rejection rate was 28. 4 %, 17. 2 %, and 13. 4 % (P<0. 01), respectively. The CD4+ T lymphocyte counting in all cases of fungal infection was (147±43)×106/L. The morbidity could reach 50. 0 % when the CD4+ T lymphocyte counting < 100 ×106/L, while it was 2. 4 % when the counting was between (100-200) ×106/L (P<0. 01). The CD4+ T lymphocyte counting had no linear relation with the ATP value.The ATP value in fungal infection cases was (117 ± 61)μg/L. Conclusion The cellular immune function test could be quantitatively evaluated according to the T lymphocyte subsets and ATP value of CD4+ T lymphocyte. And individualized immunosuppressive therapy could be adjusted accordingly.Therefore, cellular immune function could be instructive in preventing and treating the fungal infection after liver transplantation.

Objective To analyze the relationship between the direct signs of invasive ductal carcinoma and the metastasis in the mammography.Methods 21 7 patients with invasive ductal carcinoma in the mammography were divided into four groups:mass with calcification group,mass without calcification group,calcification without mass group and the group without both mass and calcification. The correlation between metastasis and the size and shape of mass or calcification was studied.Results The rate of metastasis in the group with mass and calcification was 56.31%,and the percentage of the skin and nipple depressed in this group was 38.83%,both of whom were highest (P =0.004 and P =0.043)among four groups.The rate of metastasis in mass group was higher than that in the group without mass (46.27% vs 18.75%,P =0.033).Meanwhile,the edge burr and lobulation of the mass didn’t exert remarkable influence on the rate of metastasis (46.70% vs 25.00% and 43.37% vs 52.00%,P =0.389 and P =0.348).The probability of me-tastasis in the calcification group was higher than that in noncalcification group (53.57% vs 34.29%,P =0.001 ).However,in the calcification group,the different shapes of calcification did not result in significant difference in the rate of metastasis (51.19% vs 60.71%, P =0.382).In the 201 patients with breast cancer mass,the size of mass did not correlate with metastasis [(81.04±1 1 9.45)mm3 vs (70.06±208.30)mm3 ,P =0.654].The masses with lobulation were bigger than others [(7 6 .5 0 ± 1 7 4 .1 3 )mm 3 vs (8 .3 9 ± 1 0 .2 7 )mm 3 ,P =0.000],while the masses with edge burr were smaller than those with smooth edges [(52.10 ±85.90)mm3 vs (144.75±304.13)mm3 ,P =0.038].There was no significant correlation between the size of mass and the calcification [(80.39 ± 126.62)mm3 vs (69.63±209.12)mm3 ,P =0.660].However,the masses with point calcification were larger than those with both point and worm calcifications [(92.79±137.21)mm3 vs (41.71±94.58)mm3 ,P =0.041].Conclusion The mass and calcification in the mammography are valuable for judging the malignant degree of invasive ductal carcinoma.

OBJECTIVE:To explore approaches on how to perfect and standardize the invitation for bid in the centralized drug stocking.METHODS:Problems in the bidding such as once bidding,dead price,contradiction between prices and quality and that between bidding and stocking of drugs were solved by applying methods such as blocky bidding,stratified bidding and approval of double-certifications,etc.RESULTS&CONCLUSION:Positive effects of invitation for bid in the centralized drug stocking should be encouraged.Invitation for bid in the centralized drug stocking should be available with the premise of giving profits sincerely and with the cooperation and harmonization of multi-sides as a guarantee.The false high drug price can be attributed to many factors,which should be fathered comprehensively.

Myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs) are a heterogeneous group of immunosuppressive cells derived from bone marrow stem cells.MDSCs can not only strongly inhibit the anti-tumor immune reactions mediated by T cells,but also directly accelerate angiogenesis,tumor progression and metastasis.Nonresolving inflammation (NRI),a major driving factor in the occurrence and development of tumor,and MDSCs are present in tumor microenvironment and become hot topics in recent years.However,the relationships between MDSCs and NRI,especially in the relevant molecular regulatory networks,have not been fully elucidated.The relationships between MDSCs and NRI,the molecular regulatory networks,the key regulatory points and the strategies for targeted treatment are reviewed in this paper based on the current literatures and the work achieved by our research team.

Objective To evaluate the effects of curcumin on the activity of NR2B and NR1 in the spinal dorsal horn in a rat model of diabetic neuropathic pain (DNP).Methods Diabetes mellitus was induced by high-sucrose and high-fat diet and intraperitoneal streptozotocin 35 mg/kg,then confirmed by fasting blood glucose level ≥ 16.7 mmol/L 3 days later in male Sprague-Dawley rats.DNP was confirmed by the mechanical paw withdrawal threshold (MWT) and thermal paw withdrawal latency (TWL) measured on day 14 after streptozotocin administration ＜ 80％ of the baseline value.The rats were then randomly divided into 3 groups (n =27 each) using a random number table:DNP,DNP+ curcumin group (group DCur)and DNP + solvent control group (group DSC).Curcumin 100 mg· kg-1 · d-1 and corn oil 4 ml· kg-1 · d-1 were injected intraperitoneally for 14 consecutive days starting from 14 days after administration of streptozotocin in DCur and DSC groups,respectively.Another 27 normal male Sprague-Dawley rats served as control group (group C) and were fed with normal forage.At 3,7 and 14 days after curcumin injection,MWT and TWL were measured and the lumbar segments (L4-6) of the spinal cord were removed.The expression of pTyr1472-NR2B and pSer896-NR1 in the spinal dorsal horn was determined by immunohistochemistry and Western blot.Results Compared with group C,MWT was significantly decreased,TWL was shortened,and the expression of pTyr1472-NR2B was up-regulated at each time point in group DNP.Compared with group DNP,MWT was significantly increased,and TWL was prolonged at 7 days after curcumin injection,and the expression of pTyr1472-NR2B was down-regulated at 3 days after curcumin injection in group DCur.There was no significant difference in each parameter between DNP and DSC groups,and in the expression of pSer896-NR1 between the four groups.Conclusion The mechanism by which curcumin mitigates neuropathic pain in type 2 diabetic rats may be related to inhibition of up-regulation of pTyr1472-NR2B expression,while unrelated to pSer896-NR1 expression in the spinal dorsal horn.

Animals ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; pharmacology ; PC12 Cells ; Patch-Clamp Techniques ; Potassium Channels, Voltage-Gated ; drug effects ; physiology ; Rats