Animals ; Apoptosis ; drug effects ; Aurovertins ; toxicity ; Cells, Cultured ; DNA Damage ; drug effects ; Female ; Male ; Myocytes, Cardiac ; drug effects ; Rats ; Rats, Wistar

Objective To establish a stable primary culture of rat cerebellar granule neurons in vitro for further study the toxic effects of chronic arsenic exposure on cerebellar cells.Methods Cerebellar cortices were taken from brain of Wistar rat 5-7 day old after born under stereoscopic microscope.Single cell suspension was acquired after digestion and washing with trypsin (0.25％) and DNase Ⅰ solution,respectively.Granule cells were purified from other cells by differential velocity adherence method for two times.Rat cerebellar granule neurons were seeded in culture plate pre-coated with poly-L-lysine.Neurons growth,development and synaptic connections were observed daily.The neurons were identified by neuron specific enolase (NSE) immunofluorescence technique.Results The neurons were affixed to the culture plate in 24 hours,in reticular arrangement observed under contrast microscope.Granule cells gradually turned round from oval and outlines became clearer in 2-3 days.In 4-6 days,there were a wide range of synaptic connections among the neurons and a mature nerve cell network formed.A large quantity of cerebellar granule neurons was seen by NSE identification.Few bigger cells such as purkinjes cells and glial cell outlines were also seen in the same visual field.Conclusions This is a successful primary culture method for acquirement of rat cerebellar granule neurons.The method can provide experimental basis for future studies the toxic effects of chronic arsenic exposure on cerebellar cells.

Objective To explore the impact factors for post-thaw embryo survival rate and clinical pregnancy rate in frozen-thawed embryo transfer program. Methods The clinical data of 573 cycles of frozen-thawed embryo transfers were retrospectively analysed. Groups were divided according to the pre-freeze embryo quality, pre-freeze embryonic developmental stage, frozen-thawed embryo quality and cryopreservation technique, respectively, and post-thaw embryo survival rates and/or clinical pregnancy rates were compared among groups. Results The clinical pregnancy rate of high quality pre-freeze embryo was significantly higher than that of low quality pre-freeze embryo (31.8% vs 20.0%) (P< 0.05). There was no significant difference in the post-thaw survival rates and clinical pregnancy rates between embryos frozen at day 2 of ferrtilization and those frozen at day 3 of ferrtilization(79. 1% vs 82.9% and 25.5% vs 31.2%, respectively) (P>0.05). The clinical pregnancy rates of the transfer cycles only with fully intact embryos and with mixed embryos were significantly higher than that only with partially damaged embryos(36.7% vs 24.1% and 29.2% vs 24.1%, respectively)(P<0.05). The post-thaw survival rate and post-thaw high-quality embryo rate were significantly higher in those processed with modified cryopreservation technique than in those processed with original cryopreservation technique (82.0% vs 66.3% and 50.0% vs 27.5%, respectively)(P<0.05). Conclusion Pre-freeze embryo quality, post-thaw embryo survival rate and post-thaw embryo quality have a positive correlation to subsequent clinical pregnancy rate. Favorable cryopreservation technique may ensure the success of post-thaw embryo recovery and transfer.

Objective:To investigate the mechanism of excessive inflammation in the lung of C3H/HeN(C3H) mice following Chlamydia muridarum(Cm) airway infection.Methods:Chlamydial pneumonitis was induced in C3H and C57BL/6(C57) mice by intranasal inoculation with 1×103IFU (inclusion forming unites) of Cm strains.The expression of TLR2,TLR4 and MyD88 mRNA in the lung at different time point post-infection was measured by RT-PCR.Results:Cm infection induced Toll-like receptors expression in two strains of mice.The expression of TLR2 and TLR4 mRNA,especially TLR2 mRNA(P<0.001 or P<0.05),were significantly higher in highly susceptible C3H mice on day 7 and day 14 d post-infection compared with C57 mice.Further studies showed that the expression of MyD88 mRNA was also significantly higher in C3H mice on day 7 post-infection,and maintained high expression untill the day 14.Conclusion:Cm lung infection induced high level of TLR2,TLR4 and MyD88 mRNA expression in C3H mice,which may associate with excessive inflammation in C3H mice.

OBJECTIVETo study the difference in the pharmacokinetics of emodin in Zhiganning capsules and Rhizoma Polygontum Cuspidatum by nonaqueous RP-HPLC.

METHODThe rats were orally administered with the extraction of Rhizoma Polygontum Cuspidatum and Zhiganning capsules. After hydrolysis and extraction, the content of emodin in the plasma is determined by Nonaqueous RP-HPLC.

RESULTThe concentration-time profiles of emodin fit two-compartment model. The pharmacokinetics parameters including, t1/2alpha, AUC(0-infinity), CL(s) and C(max) of emodin in the group of Rhizoma Polygontum Cuspidatum were significantly different from these in the group of its compounds.

CONCLUSIONThere is a significant difference in pharmacokinetics of emodin between zhiganning capsules and the extraction of Rhizoma Polygontum Cuspidatum.

Animals ; Area Under Curve ; Capsules ; Drug Combinations ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; administration & dosage ; chemistry ; isolation & purification ; Emodin ; isolation & purification ; pharmacokinetics ; Female ; Male ; Plants, Medicinal ; chemistry ; Polygonum ; chemistry ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; Rhizome ; chemistry

Objective To discuss the effect of phased reward behavior therapy on rehabilitation of patients with chronic schizophrenia.Methods 60 patients were randomly divided into treatment group (30 cases) and control group (30 cases) according to admission time.The treatment group received reward behavior therapy on the basis of drug treatment and traditional nursing care,while the control group received conventional work entertainment treatment activities.Brief Psychiatric Rating Scale (BPRS),Scale for Schizophrenia Positive Symptoms (SAPS),Negative Symptoms Scale (SANS) and the efficacy of inpatient rehabilitation of mental patients rating scale (IPROS)were used to evaluate the deficiency level of social function,degree of remission and rehabilitation of the patients before and 6 months after the treatment.Results The total average score of BPRS and IPROS of the treatment group were lower than the control group and the differences were significant [(8.81 ±6.41) vs (11.10±8.5),(19.15 ±14.11 ) vs (31.14 ± 16.10 ) ;t =3.18,7.61 ;P ＜ 0.01 ].SAPS and SANS scores of the treatment group were lower than the control group,the differences were significant [ (7.31 ± 1.51) vs ( 10.16 ± 2.10),( 12.32 ± 2.16) vs ( 15.65 ±1.48) ;t =3.62,3.12;P＜0.01].Conclusions Reward behavior therapy could help reduce some of the symptoms of chronic schizophrenia,improve self-care ability,prevent deterioration and regain mental function.

Objective To explore the application effect of clinical care pathway on heath education of patients with schizophrenia.Methods 80 patients were randomly divided into experimental group(40 cases)and control group(40 cases).Experimental group was treated with the path of clinical nursing and control group was used traditional methods of health education.Knowledge of patient health,the health concept formation rate and treatment compliance,satisfaction survey and days and costs in hospital of the two groups were compared.Results Knowledge of heath score in experimental group was(28.21 ± 2.25),and heath concept formation rate was 85.0％ and those in control group were(23.04 ± 4.12)and 65.0％,the difference was significant (t =2084,x2 =4.27,P ＜ 0.05).Satisfaction rate of experimental group was higher than control group[95 ％ vs 80％,97.5％ vs 85％,x2 =4.67,4.35 ; P ＜ 0.05].Compliance rate was higher than control group(P ＜0.01),and day and cost in hospital were lower(P ＜ 0.05).Conclusions Clinical nursing path of health education for patients with schizophrenia,can grasp the knowledge of health education to improve treatment compliance and shorten hospital stay,improve patient and family satisfaction.

Objective To explore the application of the standard management of clinical nursing path on schizophrenic and the optimum nursing management mode of schizophrenic.Methods 100 cases of schizophrenic were randomly divided into study group and control group. The study group received standard management of clinical nursing path. The control group received routine psychiatric care. NOSIE, ADL, length of stay, evaluation of nursing quality were assessed and compared between the two groups.Results The ADL scores and length of stay in the study group were significantly lower than those in the control group (t=7.477,2.266,P<0.05). Factors of NOSIE, patient satisfactory and evaluation of nursing quality in the study group were superior to the control group (t=3.131,2.388,6.248,P=0.002,0.021,0.000).Conclusions Standard management of clinical nursing path in schizophrenic could improve the quality of life of patients, promote patient recovery, shorten hospital stay and increase the satisfaction rate while boost the quality of care and nursing management.

Objective To implement standardized management of health education pathway in patients with schizophrenia and to optimize health education model.Methods 95 cases of schizophrenia were randomly divided into the study group and the control group.The standardized management of health education pathway was implemented in the study group,while the traditional health education was implemented in the control group.The medical knowledge understanding in patients and their families,compliance behavior and rehabilitation performance of patients were evaluated.The differences between the two groups were compared.Results The medical knowledge understanding in patients and their families was better in the study group (87.2％ and 93.6％ ) than in the control group (66.6％ and 65.4％ ).The differences were statistically significant (x2 =6.112,8.241; P ＜0.05).There was no significant difference of compliance behavior before the standardized management of health education pathway was implemented (P ＞0.05).However,after it was implemented the compliance behavior of the study group (93.6％) was higher than that of the control group (83.3％) and there was significant difference between the two groups (x2 =7.215,P ＜0.05 ).Conclusions The implementation of standardized management of health education pathway in patients with schizophrenia can help the patients and their families better understand the disease and treatment effect,and promote the mental rehabilitation of patients.

Objective To analyze the association between the genetic variations of functional region in bone morphogenetic protein ( BMP7 ) gene and dyslipidemia in Chinese Uygur individuals. Methods The case-control study was conducted in 1514 Uygur Chinese based on epidemiological investigation. The all exons, segmental introns and the promoter regions of BMP7 gene were sequenced in 48 out of 1514 Uygur Chinese. Representative variations were then selected according to the minor allele frequency (MAF) and linkage disequilibrium, and genotyped using the TaqMan polymerase chain reaction method in 1514 Uygur Chinese, a relatively isolated general population in a relatively homogeneous environment, to observe the association between genetic variations of BMP7 gene and dyslipidemia. Results Five novel and eight known variations in the BMP7 gene were identified. All genotype distributions were tested for deviations from HardyWeinberg equilibrium. There were significant differences of genotype distribution of rs6025422 between hypertriglyceridemia group and control group ( P = 0. 001 ). The levels of triglyceride (TG) showed a decreasing teadency in individuals with AA, AG and GG genotypes of rs6025422. Odd ratio (OR) value adjusted for age, gender, body mass index, smoking and alcohol drinking habits was 0. 562 by logistic regression analysis (95% CI: 0. 393 - 0. 802, P = 0. 002 ). Concluslon The present study shows rs6025422 polymorphism in the BMP7 gene is linked with hypertriglyceridemia phenotype in Uygur Chinese population.