China ; Occupational Health Services ; methods ; organization & administration

Objective To observe the efficacy of the treatment of mycophenolate mofetil (MMF) combined with prednisone on steroid-resistant idiopathic membranoproliferative glomerulonephrifis (IMPGN) patients with moderate to severe proteinufia. Methods Thirteen cases were diagnosed as IMPGN by renal biopsy after excluding secondary factors. Among 13 patients, 9 had severe proteinuria and another 4 had moderate proteinuria, 9 with hypertension and 11 with decreased renal function. Before MMF therapy, all of the cases were resistant to the treatment of glucocorticoid (prednisone 1 mg·kg-1·d-1) for 8 weeks or more. The dose of MMF was 1.5 g/d. Patients were followed up every month for blood pressure, urinary protein excretion, liver and kidney function, complete blood count, and adverse effects. Results At the initiation, the 24 h urinary protein excretion was (4.1±1.4) g, Scr (131.0±44.9) μmol/L, and estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) (63.3±26.8) ml·min-1·(1.73 m2)-1. After prednisene therapy for at least 2 months, the 24 h urinary protein excretion (4.2±1.5) g, Ser (133.2±52.8)μmol/L and eGYR (63.3±27.1) ml·min-1·(1.73 m2)-1did not change significantly. After 3 months of the addition of MMF, 24 h urinary protein excretion declined slightly [(3.8±1.2) g, P>0.05]. After 6 months, 24 h urinary protein excretion declined significantly [(2.5±0.9) g, P<0.05], with decrease in Set and eGFR[(97.2±27.3) μmol/L and (81.3±24.2) ml·min-1·(1.73 m2)-1, P<0.05)]. At the end of 1 year, 24 h urinary protein excretion was only (1.5±0.6) g(P<0.01 ), Ser and eGFR were (95.9±22.5)μmol/L and (81.2±23.8) ml·min-1·(1.73 m2)-1(P<0.01). All the patients experienced a partial remission of proteinuria (urinary protein excretion decreased by 50% or more). Adverse event including stomach upset was found in 1 patient. Conclusion MMF combined with glucosteroids can effectively decrease proteinuria and improve renal function without obvious side effect in steroid-resistant IMPGN.

HepG2 ceils were treated with various concentrations of tumor necrosis factor-or (TNF-α) for 24 hours. RT-PCR and Western blot were used to measure protein tyrosine phosphatase-1 B(PTP-1B)expression, and luciferase reporter assay was used to detect NF-kB activity. The results showed that treatment of HepG2 cells with TNF-α for 24 hours led to upregulation of PTP-1B and NF-kB activity in a dose-dependent manner. Inhibition of NF-kB by PI)TC significantly attenuated TNF-α-induced PTP-IB expression in HepG2 cells. Thus, the transactivation of NF-kB seems to play an important role in the expression of PTP-1B in HepG2 cells induced by TNF-α.

Objective To evaluate the value of transvaginal color Doppler sonography(TVCD)in the conservative treatment of early tubal pregnancy(TP).Methods Fifty cases of early TP were examined by TVCD before medical treatment,including the size of TP mass,blood flows graded according to Alder,hemodynamics parameters.All data were ananlized and compared with therapeutic results.Results Fortyfive cases were treated successfully(45/50),and 5 failed.According to TVCD,TP masses flow were graded from O to Ⅲ.In the successful group,4 cases were graded 0,21 Ⅰ,16 Ⅱ and 4Ⅲ,blood flow signals were measured in 41 cases,the mean velocity was(5.452±4.327)cm/s,PI(1.597±0.696),RI 0.680±0.107.In the failure group,all TP masses flow were graded Ⅲ,the mean velocity was(16.774±9.855)cm/s,PI 0.95 1±0.193,RI 0.567±0.034.Conclusions In the medical treatment of early TP,TVCD findings associated with the treatment outcome closely,it plays an important role in assessing conservative treatment of early TP.

Objective To compare the effect of Acetate Sodium Potassium Magnesium Calcium and lactate ringers′ as priming solution in pediatrics with cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) during congenital heart surgery. Methods Sixty children, aged 1-6 years, weighting 8 to 20 kg, with ASA Ⅱ to Ⅲ class and with ventricular or atrial septal defect elective , received heart surgery with CPB. They were randomly divided into two groups: the lactate ringers′ group (R) and the sodium acetate, potassium, magnesium and calcium glucose injection pre-filled group (L). Levels of artery blood gas, lactic, gluclose, electrolytes were detected at the time points of induction of anesthesia (T1), aortic cross damping (T2), stopping before (T3), and closing chest later (T4). Results Levels of the blood glucose and lactic acid in the two groups post-CPB were increased (P <0.01) at T2 and T3. Lactic acid level in group L was lower than that in group R (P < 0.05), and the blood glucose level in group L was higher than that in group R (P < 0.01). No significant difference was found in the lactic acid and blood glucose post-closing chestbetween the two groups (P > 0.05). Conclusion Sodium, potassium , magnesium , calcium and glucose injection as children CPB priming crystalloid fluid could provide energy substrate, reduce lactic acid concentration, with little effect on electrolyte and blood gas.

Objective To understand the evolutionary characterization of hemagglutinin (HA)gene of pandemic H1N1 influenza virus in Guangdong during 2009-2011. MethodsWe selected 83 pandemic H1N1 strains isolated in Guangdong during 2009-2011. The HA1 genes were sequenced and analyzed comparatively by Bioedit 7.0 and MEGA 4.0. ResultsThe evolutionary rate of Hal gene of pandemic H1N1 and seasonal H1N1 viruses was 5.2×10-3 substitutions/site/year, higher than that of seasonal H1N1 viruses. Most amino acid changes in HA1 molecules accumulated on the surface of the molecule and were partly located in antigenic sites. Two fatal infections were detected with a mutation at HA residue 222, in one virus with a change D222G, and in one virus D222N. ConclusionThe phylogenetic analysis demonstrates that the influenza epidemic in Guangdong at the beginning of 2011 are due to occurrence of genetic changes of pandemic H1N1 virus. The amino acid change at residue 222 of the HA1 are likely to be associated with severe or even fatal illness.

The expression of Attractin mRNA and protein in testis and semen of human and male mice was investigated. Human testis and semen samples were all collected from Reproductive Center of Renmin Hospital, Wuhan University in December, 2012. Testis samples were collected from 7 cases of obstructive azoospermias when they were subjected to diagnosed testis biopsy, and 30 normal human semen samples were obtained from those cases of semen analysis. Adult mice testis tissues were obtained from 10 2-month-old male BALB/c mice, and 60 male mice at different ages were classified into 10 groups (day 1, 5, 10, 15, 21, 28, 35, 42, 56, and 120 respectively, n=6 each). The expression of Attractin mRNA and protein in testis was detected by RT-PCR and Western blotting respectively. Human semen samples were centrifuged into sperm plasma (SP) and sperm extract (SE), and mice sperm samples were collected from the epididymis of 10 adult male BALB/c mice. Western blotting was used to determine the Attractin protein expression level. Attractin mRNA and protein were expressed in the testis of both patients with obstructive azoospermias and adult Bcl/B mice. Quantitative RT-PCR revealed that no Attractin mRNA was detectable in day 1 male BALB/c mice group. The Attractin mRNA and protein levels were low on the day 10, and increased with age until day 56. On the day 120, the expression levels of Attractin were decreased. As for human semen samples, Attractin protein was expressed in both SP and SE, but didn't exist in samples from the epididymis of male BALB/c mice. It was suggested that Attractin acted as a novel active substance and was involved in male reproduction in both human and BALB/c mice, but it exerted a different expression profile in different mammal species.

AIMTo study the relationship between resonance Rayleigh scattering(RRS) and the formation of association nanoparticle, and to develop a new and sensitive RRS method for the determination of trace berberine (BB).

METHODSThe association nanoparticle between BB and tetraphenylboron (TPB) was investigated by means of RRS, absorption spectral method and transmission electron microscope (TEM).

RESULTSIn pH 5.0 NaAc-HAc buffer solution, BB and TPB combine to BB-TPB association complex. The association complexes aggregate to (BB-TPB)n association nanoparticles, due to the strong hydrophobic force and Van der Waals force. It exhibits a resonance Rayleigh scattering peak at 470 nm, a maximum absorption peak at 368 nm. A new RRS method was proposed for the determination of 0.06 to 5.28 mg.L-1 BB in real samples with satisfactory results. The detection limit is 26 micrograms.L-1.

CONCLUSIONThe TEM of (BBjAgp-TPBj + p)h composite association nanoparticles was observed by means of composite association nanoreaction both TPB- and BB+ or Ag+. The results indicated that the formation of (BB-TPB)n association nanoparticles and interface of solid-liquid results in the enhanced resonance light-scattering. This new RRS method showed high sensitivity, and had been successfully applied to the determination of BB in real samples.

Berberine ; administration & dosage ; analysis ; Drug Carriers ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; administration & dosage ; analysis ; Nanotechnology ; Scattering, Radiation ; Spectrum Analysis ; Tablets ; Technology, Pharmaceutical ; methods ; Tetraphenylborate ; chemistry

OBJECTIVETo determine whether the ingestion of a herbal supplement called Rhodiola-Gingko Capsule (RGC) would enhance the endurance performance of healthy volunteers and change relevant hormones in a favorable manner.

METHODSSeventy healthy male volunteers (age ranges from 18 to 22 years old) were randomly assigned to RGC group (35 cases, each capsule containing 270 mg herbal extracts, 4 capsules per day) or placebo group (35 cases, equivalent placebo preparation) for 7 weeks using computer produced digital random method. The endurance performance, serum testosterone and cortisol levels were measured at the baseline and the endpoint.

RESULTSSixty-seven subjects (34 in the RGC group and 33 in the placebo group) completed a 7-week treatment. The RGC group displayed a significantly greater baseline-to endpoint increase in maximal oxygen uptake (VO(2max)) than placebo group in both absolute (P=0.020) and relative values (P=0.023). At the endpoint, the serum cortisol level was unchanged in the RGC group compared with the baseline, but it was significantly elevated in the placebo group (P<0.05). The endpoint ratio of testosterone to cortisol, a surrogate for overtraining and fatigue in endurance exercises, was also indifferent compared with the baseline in the RGC group, but significantly decreased in the placebo group (P<0.05).

CONCLUSIONThe combined herbal supplement of Rhodiola and Gingko could improve the endurance performance by increasing oxygen consumption and protecting against fatigue.

Adolescent ; Drug Therapy, Combination ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; administration & dosage ; adverse effects ; Fatigue ; drug therapy ; Ginkgo biloba ; Humans ; Hydrocortisone ; blood ; Integrative Medicine ; Male ; Oxygen Consumption ; drug effects ; Physical Endurance ; drug effects ; Placebos ; Rhodiola ; Testosterone ; blood ; Young Adult

OBJECTIVETo investigate the distribution of congenital heart disease (CHD) aged 3 - 18 in several regions of Yunnan province.

METHODSCross-rectional studies were carried out among 48 638 children from Xishuangbanna, Dali, Baoshan Longling, Luxi Mangshi and Gejiu in Yunnan province with stratified, clustered sampling.

RESULTSThe overall morbidity of CHD was 5.08 per thousand with 5.09 per thousand in males and 5.07 per thousand in females. Morbidity rates in different regions were 2.75 per thousand in Xishuangbanna, 7.85 per thousand in Dali, 9.59 per thousand in Baoshan Long ling, 4.80 per thousand in Gejiu, 16.99 per thousand in Luxi Wuchalu. However, in the same area, rates were different among different residents:3.25 per thousand in Gejiu, and was 9.10 per thousand in Laochang stannum mine, 11.20 per thousand in Datunxuanchang; 5.74 per thousand at the city of Baoshan Longling, 11.35 per thousand at countryside; 4.90 per thousand at the city of Dali, 8.71 per thousand at countryside; 1.69 per thousand at the city of Xishuangbanna, 4.40 per thousand at country. Morbidity rates in different ethnic groups were as follows: 5.39 per thousand in Dai, 6.83 per thousand in Jinuo, 0 per thousand in Hani, 8.12 per thousand in Bai, 14.18 per thousand in Jingpo.

CONCLUSIONThere were significant regional and ethnic differences seen in Yunnan on the mobidity of CHD which was different from the domestic literature reported.

Adolescent ; Child ; Child, Preschool ; China ; epidemiology ; ethnology ; Cross-Sectional Studies ; Female ; Heart Defects, Congenital ; epidemiology ; Humans ; Male ; Mass Screening ; Prevalence