Objective To analyze the hereditary background of common species from Rhodiola L. in Yunnan Province. Methods Fifty-nine samples of six populations in three natural medicinal species from Rhodiola L. were studied by RAPD method. Results The percentage of polymorphic bands (PPB) of three populations from R. crenulata were 37.97%, 46.15%, and 39.45% respectively; the Nei's gene diversities (h) were 0.110 3, 0.143 7, and 0.137 1, respectively; the Shannon's information indes (I) were 0.173 6, 0.222 1, and 0.206 7, respectively; at the special level, the PPB was 70.47%, I was (0.258 3); the genetic differentiation (G_(st)) was 0.263 0. The PPB of two populations from R. fastigiata were 43.67% and 44.42%, I were 0.215 3 and 0.217 4, respectively; at the special level, the PPB was 65.51%, G_(st) and I were 0.313 2 and 0.313 9, respectively; the PPB of R. yunnanensis was 36.97%, I was 0.188 1. Conclusion RAPD molecular marker could be used to molecular authentication and genetic diversity analysis of medicinal species from Rhodiola L.

Objective To investigate the application of heat-clearing and detoxifying Liangxue prescription decocting-free granules in puerperal infection and its clinical curative effect.Methods 97 cases patients with puerperal infection were chosen in the hospital from Dec.2012 to Dec.2014, according to the digital method, which were randomly divided into experimental group (n=49) and control group (n=48).The two groups were given metronidazole injection 250 mL/d, and 0.2 g mesylate levofloxacin added into 5% glucose injection 250 mL, intravenous drip, twice per day.On the basis of above therapy, experimental group were treated with heat-clearing and detoxifying Liangxue prescription decocting-free granules, orally, twice per day, one bag each time.Both of two groups were treated for 2 weeks as one course.Clinical symptom score, hemodynamic indexes, inflammatory factor, blood biochemical indexes and efficacy were observed and compared between two groups.Results Total effective rate of experimental group was 95.92%, which was significantly higher than 75.00% of control group ( U =3.58, P<0.01 ) .After treatment, the cell count of white blood cell ( WBC) and neutrophilic granulocyte ( GRAN ) , values of middle cell percentage (%MON ) , neutrophilic granulocyte ratio (%GRAN ) , and lymphocyte percentage (%LYM) in both of two groups significantly decreased compared with before treatment (P<0.05), and the above indexes in experimental group were lower than those in control group ( P<0.05 ) .After treatment, the serum IL-6 and TNF-αlevels in two groups decreased compared with before treatment ( P<0.05 ) , and the above indexes in experimental group were lower than those in control group ( P<0.05 ) .After treatment, the hemodynamic indexes including cell aggregation index, whole blood viscosity ( high, medium and low shear ) and plasma viscosity significantly improved compared with before treatment than control group ( P<0.05 ) , and the above indexes in experimental group significantly improved compared with control group (P<0.05).After treatment, the score of hypogastralgia, chills and fever, uterine body tender and a funicular tenderness of attachment area, lochia score and total score significantly decreased compared with before treatment (P<0.05), and the above indexes in experimental group significantly were lower than control group ( P<0.05 ) .Conclusion The heat-clearing and detoxifying Liangxue prescription decocting-free granules can significantly improve the inflammatory symptoms in treatment of puerperal infection, and its mechanism of action may improve microcirculation, reduce inflammatory reaction.The clinical efficacy of therapy is obviously better than western medicine treatment alone, which can be popularized in clinical application.

The emphasis and basic target of medical education is to cultivate medical students with high qualities. The qualities of medical students include professional ethics, self-cultivation, medical knowledge and physical-psychological quality, which is critical to the medical education. It has been proven that the teaching of Clinical Pathway is one of the most important factors to promote the improvement of comprehensive qualities of medical students.

Ophthalmology is a clinical course which requires students to have practical skills. The traditional clinical teaching method lacks varied means resulting in unsatisfactory teaching effects. Application of multimedia technology not only changes the teaching model, enriches the teaching contents but also improves the quality of ophthalmology teaching. By analyzing the advantages and disadvantages of multimedia application in clinical teaching based on our practice, the paper raises some methods for improvment in order to achieve the best teaching effects.

Objective To assess the ability of the new software SonoAVC to measure follicular volume and to compare these volume calculations with those made by conventional methods. Methods Three-dimensional ultrasound imaging was used to acquire volumetric data from the ovaries of 50 women undergoing controlled ovarian stimulation as part of in-vitro fertilization treatment. SonoAVC was used to automatically measure the volume of follicles and virtual organ computer-aided analysis(VOCAL) was also applied to measure volume, which was used as the standard of volume measurement. And the three perpendicular diameters (xyz diameters) of follicles were manually measured by conventional two-dimensional(2D) ultrasound, which were used to estimate volume using the sphere formula. And the validity of each technique was compared using limits of agreement. Results One hundred and seventy-six follicles were studied. SonoAVC and VOCAL provided highly accurate and repeatable follicular volume measurements in all cases. Volumes estimated from manually derived follicular diameter measurements were less accurate and repeatable. VOCAL took more time in follicular volume of measurement than SonoAVC and conventional 2D displays. Conclusions SonoAVC provides highly accurate, repeatable,and efficient measurements of follicular volume.

The ras-mitogen activeted protein kinase pathway is responsible for regulation of many cel-lular processes, including differentiation, cytoskeletal organization, and protein trafficking. Much attention has been paid to them and their role in cancer therapy recently, and its inhibitor pathways are applied to clinical tes-ting, such as, Raf kinse inhibitors, MEK inhibitor, Src kinase inhibitor.

This paper is to study the inhibitory effect of water soluble polymers--methyl cellulose (MC), hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose (HPMC), hydroxypropyl cellulose (HPC-M), poloxamer (F68) and polyvidon (PVP) on osthole (OST) crystallization and investigate the impact of polymer concentration and viscosity on crystallization behavior. Also, UV spectrophotometry method was used to determine the drug concentration at different time point to draw the OST concentration-time curve. Results show that HPMC has the most significant inhibition effect on OST crystallization, and drug concentration level is 1.61 times higher than that in control solution within 8 h followed by PVP (1.54) and MC (1.45) respectively. The kinetics of OST recrystallization can be described using first-order reaction, and the crystallization rate constants obtained by analyzing the regression equation indicate that HPMC-60SH-4000 and HPMC-60SH-10000 can greatly influence OST crystal formation. The dissolution rate of drugs precipitated from water-soluble polymer solutions is faster compared with controls in pH 1.2 HCl and pH 6.8 phosphate buffers, which demonstrated that water-soluble polymers can not only change the behavior of drug crystallization but markedly improve the dissolution rate of water insoluble drugs.

Objective　To obtain staphylococcal enterotoxin B (SEB) mutant with normal antigenicity but low toxicity. Methods　Using PCR technique, normal SEB (SEB-N) gene which was amplified from S. aureus S6B. SEB mutant gene (SEB-M) was prepared from the same strain, but one nucleotide in SEB gene was changed from asparagine (N23) to serine (S23). SEB-N and SEB-M were cloned into procaryotic expression vector pTrc99A then and transferred into E. coli JM109. SEB-N and SEB-M which were cloned into plasmid were sequenced directly by dideoxynucleotide method. The crude expressed proteins were identified by double agar immunodiffusion. The level of IL-2 in supernatants of mouse splenocytes stimulated by crude expressed proteins was determined by ELISA. Results　SEB-N and SEB-M were obtained through PCR. The sequence of SEB-N was changed with non site-directed mutagenesis, threonine at the residue 150 of SEB-N was replaced with alanine (ACT→GCT, T150A). As being expected, at the residue 23 of SEB-M, serine substituted for asparagine (AAT→AGT, N23S) with site-directed mutagenesis. Double agar immunodiffusion showed obvious precipitin line with anti-SEB by both crude SEB-N and SEB-M mutant proteins could produce, but not by non-recombinant strain. ELISA demonstrated that the level of IL-2 in supernatant of mouse splenocytes stimulated by natural SEB protein (containing equal amount of JM109P crude protein) was 40 times as much as that stimulated by SEB-M and 12.5 times as much as that stimulated by SEB-N. Conclusions　We obtained two recombinant strains which produced T150A and N23S mutant SEB protein. The mutant proteins showed binding ability to anti-SEB as the normal protein. However, their biological activity as superantigen decreased sharply. We consider that it is promising for further study of molecular adjuvant or superantigen vaccine.

No abstract available.

Abscess ; surgery ; Foreign Bodies ; surgery ; Foreign-Body Migration ; Humans ; Thyroid Gland