Objective To investigate the apoptotic effects of hypertrophic scar fibroblast (HSF) induced by HMME-PDT.Methods Fibroblasts were cultured from nontreated hypertrophic scars,and cells at passages 4-6 were used for the experiments (photosensitizer dose 4 μg/ml,λ630 nm,pow er density 10 mw/cm2,energy fluence 2.5 J/cm2).Morphological and biochemical changes in fibroblasts were assessed by Hoechst 33258 staining and fluorescence microscopy.The rate of apoptotic or necrotic cells was detected by flow cytometry (FCM) through double staining of Annexin V -FITC and popodium iodide (PI),respectively.Results Marked morphological features of cell apoptosis were viewed under the fluorescent microscope through Hoechst 33258 staining.The analysis of FCM indica ted that the apoptotic rate was significantly increased after HMME PDT [(34.82 ± I.42) ％ vs (3.12±0.28) ％,P＜0.05],and apoptotic rate was higher than necrosis rate [(14.65±1.02) ％ vs (34.82±1.42) ％,P＜0.05].Conclusions Low level exposure to 630 nm PDT mediated by HMME appears to induce fibroblast apoptosis.

Objective To investigate the effect of calcium antagonist verapamil on the function of rat?- cells and tolbutamide (D860)-induced insulin release.Methods Insulin released from isolated islets were measured in control,verapamil,D860,and verapamil+D860 groups.Furthermore,intravenous glucose tolerance test (IVGTT) was conducted in acute experiments treated with verapamil and D860 respectively to assess?-cell function in rats with the same allocation as in vitro.Another IVGTT was performed in the end of 4 weeks' treatment.The insulin contents in pancreas were assayed and pancreas islets morphology were observed with immunohistochemistry.Results Verapamil could inhibit insulin release from isolated islets.Verapamil group was [(1.244?0.082)ng?ml~(-1)?islet~(-1)]and control group (2.623?0.226) ng?ml~(-1)?islet~(-1)(P0.05).Also,similar results were obtained in normal rats during acute experiments and verapamil reduce the hypoglycemic effect promoted by D860. However,above results were not observed in the end of 4 weeks experiments,and no difference for insulin content and morphological change in islets was found among four groups.Conclusion Treatment of verapamil chronically does not impair islet function and interfere with the hypoglycemic effect of D860 in rats .

Objective To investigate the clinical and genetic characteristics in a male patient with 21hydroxylase deficiency combined with adrenal and testicular tumors.Methods Clinical features and laboratory data were collected from the patient.Testicular biopsy was performed.The CYP21 gene was sequenced for mutations.Results The patient presented left adrenal and testicular enlargements.The laboratory examinations showed that plasma ACTH,androstenedione,testosterone,progesterone,and 17-hydroxyprogesterone were markedly elevated.CT scan revealed that the right adrenal gland being resected and the left adrenal with nodular enlargement.Furthermore,testicular biopsy showed a prominent peritubular fibrosis with increased number of peritubular fibroblasts,tubular hyalinisation,and calcification.Sequencing analysis showed a A>G homozygous mutation at intron 2.Conclusion Patients with untreated 21-hydroxylage deficiency may.have adrenal adenomas and(or)testicular adrenal rest tumor simultaneously.

y screen and prevent CAD in these people before diabetes sets in.

Objective To investigate the factors which may affect the secretions of human leptin and free fatty acids (FFA) by measuring plasma glucose, serum insulin, leptin and FFA levels during reduced sample number intravenous glucose tolerance tests (IVGTT) in the subjects with different status of insulin resistance and ? cell function. Methods According to oral glucose tolerance test, 7 normal, 10 overweight/obese individuals, 12 subjects with impaired glucose tolerance (IGT) and 11 with type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM) were recruited. During IVGTT, serum insulin, leptin and FFA levels at 12 time points were simultaneously measured. Results Compared to the stable secretion of leptin, during 180 min in the IVGTT, the FFA secretion showed a "U" shape profile. The correlation analysis showed that the average serum leptin and FFA levels in 3 h were independent to fasting plasma glucose concentration. The partial correlation coefficient of leptin and insulin decreased after being adjusted for FFA (before r=0.77, P0.05). Conclusion The changes of serum FFA levels in IVGTT are more significant than those of leptin after glucose loading. Fasting plasma glucose levels do not significantly affect the average serum levels of leptin and FFA. On the contrary, insulin manifests such action but does not affect the secretion profile of these parameters.

Objective To evaluate the difference of carotid intimal medial thickness (IMT) among different glucose tolerance status and to investigate the association of IMT with different glucose levels of 4 time points during oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) and the lipid metabolic indices in non-diabetic subjects. Methods Eleven normal control subjects, 69 subjects with impaired glucose regulation (IGR) newly diagnosed by OGTT (including 28 patients with non-elevated OGTT 30 min and 60 min glucose values (

Breast Neoplasms ; metabolism ; pathology ; surgery ; Carcinoma ; metabolism ; pathology ; surgery ; Diagnosis, Differential ; Female ; Fibroma ; metabolism ; pathology ; surgery ; Humans ; Keratins ; metabolism ; Middle Aged ; Vimentin ; metabolism

ObjectiveTo compare the sensitivity and specificity of a new index of insulin resistance (IR) derived from plasma triglyceride and glucose with homeostasis model assessment for insulin resistance index ( HOMA-IR) and insulin sensitivity index from frequent sampling intravenous glucose tolerance test (FSIGT-ISI).Methods A total of 1024 subjects (240 normal control,335 with obesity,312 impaired glucose regulation,and 137 type 2 diabetes mellitus) were included in the present study.Standard oral glucose tolerance test,insulin release test,lipid profiles,and other biochemical markers were measured. Among them 540 subjects were selected to undertake FSIGT.TyG index is derived from plasma triglyceride and fasting glucose.TyG2 index is derived from plasma triglyceride and postprandial 2 plasma glucose.ResultsPearson correlation coefficient between TyG and HOMA-IR or FSIGT-ISI was 0.427 ( P＜0.01 ) and -0.100 ( P=0.024 ),respectively,and that between TyG2 and HOMA-IR or FSIGT-ISI was 0.455 ( P＜0.01 ) and - 0.162 ( P＜0.01 ),respectively.The sensitivity and specificity of TyG index for diagnosis of IR was 68.5％ and 63.5％ compared with HOMA-IR,and 68.5％ and49.5％ compared with FSIGT-ISI.For TyG2 index,the slightly higher sensitivity ( 81.7％ with HOMA-IR,75.7％ with FSIGT-ISI),but lower specificity (51.5％ with HOMA-IR,48.2％ with FSIGT-ISI) were found.ConclusionsBothTyGandTyG2 indices could be used as a surrogate for assessing IR in Chinese subjects.However,considering its moderately high sensitivity but low specificity,these two indices are limited in the use of large-scale epidemiological screening.

Objective To explore the distribution of pathogenic micro-organisms in the diabetic patients with foot infection,and to investigate the characteristics of the pathogen distribution and its relationship with the severity of diabetic foot ulcer( DFU ).Methods Ninety diabetic foot patients with positive culture of micro-organisms were classified into Wagner 1-5 grades according to the severity of DFU,which was ranked as mild,moderate,and severe infection based on the gradient of infection.The family,genus,and strain of micro-organisms were analyzed,and associated factors were discussed in regard to the kinds and severity of DFU and infection.Results With rising Wagner's grades and aggravating infection,the bacterial floras were transformed from gram-positive cocci( 61.1％ in Wagner 1 ) to gram-negative rods( 80.0％ in Wagner 5),at the same time,composite( 10.0％ to 28.6％ ) and opportunist ( 83.3％ to 100％ ) infections were increased.Wagner's grade,severity of infection,previous treatment,patients' age,control of blood glucose,course of DFU,etc,were all related to types of infection and opportunist infection ( P＜0.05 ).Conclusions Proportion of gram-negative bacilli with opportunist composite infection seems to increase in patients with severe DFU and severe infection requiring appropriate application of antibiotics.

Objective To investigate the changes in nunmber and function of natural killer ( NK ) cells in patients with newly-diagnosed type 1 diabetes mellitus.Methods Cell courning was performed in peripheral blood mononuclear cell ( PBMC ) subsets in 43 cases with newly diagnosed type 1 diabetes ( T1D ),14 cases with newly diagnosed type 2 diabetes( T2D ) and 21 cases of normal controls by flow cytometry sorting.And then,isolating and collecting NK cells were performed in T1D patients and normal controls.Real time PCR was performed to evaluate the mRNA expression levels of NK cell activity related genes IFN-γ,perforin,NKp46,and NKp30 in NK cells.Results Compared to normal controls,both the proportion and the absolute counting of NK cells in PBMC from patients with T1D were significantly decreased [( 102±86 )/μl vs ( 355±264 )/μ1,P＜0.01],while only the proportion of CD4+ cell were slightly increased( P＜0.05 ).No statistical difference was observed regarding CD8+ T cells ( P＞0.05 ).mRNA expression levels of NK cell activity related genes perforin and NKp46 in NK cells were remarkably down-regulated ( P＜0.05 ),while IFN-γ and NKp30 were not changed compared with normal controls.Conclusions The reduced number and functional deficiency of NK cells may lead to the immune dysfunction in T1D and play an important role in the development of T1D.