Adolescent ; Adult ; Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Biopsy ; methods ; Child ; Child, Preschool ; Endoscopy ; Female ; Humans ; Larynx ; pathology ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Nasopharynx ; pathology ; Young Adult

OBJECTIVETo compare postoperative blood loss under different negative pressures of drainage after total hip arthroplasty for the treatment of femoral neck fractures.

METHODSFrom January 1st to December 30th 2013, 74 patients with femoral neck fractures treated with total hip arthroplasty were randomly divided into two groups: high negative pressure drainage group and low negative pressure drainage group. In high negative pressure drainage group, there were 34 cases including 10 males and 24 females, with a mean age of (75.94 ± 9.02) years old, and the patients were treated with 60 kPa negative pressure of drainage. In the low negative pressure drainage group, there were 40 cases including 13 males and 27 females, with an average age of (74.93 ± 8.90) years old, and the patients were treated with 30 kPa negative pressure of drainage. The amount of total drainage, total blood loss, and hemoglobin change were compared between these two groups.

RESULTSAll the patients got primary healing without infections. In high negative pressure drainage group,the change of hemoglobin was (41.74 ± 15.69) g/L, total blood loss was (1,217.73 ± 459.50) ml and the drainage volume was (312.94 ± 103.44) ml; while in low negative pressure drainage group,the results were (34.90 ± 12.90) g/L, (904.01 ± 381.58) ml and (129.25 ± 44.25) ml separately. All the results in high negative pressure drainage group were higher than those in the other group. Three days after operation, the change of hemoglobin was (46.00 ± 13.29) g/L and total blood loss was (1,304.72 ± 421.75) ml; while in low negative pressure drainage group, the changes of hemoglobin was (43.87 ± 11.39) g/L and total blood loss was (1,196.78 ± 344.20) ml; there were no statistically significant differences between two groups.

CONCLUSIONWhen placing drainage devices after total hip arthroplasty for the treatment of femoral neck fractures, the level of negative pressure should be chosen according to preoperative level of hemoglobin and HCT in patients. For old patients with femoral neck fracture, low negative pressure is more suitable.

Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Arthroplasty, Replacement, Hip ; methods ; Case-Control Studies ; Female ; Femoral Neck Fractures ; surgery ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Negative-Pressure Wound Therapy ; Postoperative Hemorrhage ; prevention & control

Objective To detect the expression of VIP1R and VIP2R mRNA in gallbladder tissues of patients with gallbladder diseases. Methods The expression of VIP1R and VIP2R mRNA in gallbladder tissues were detected in 25 patients with gallstone, 8 patients with gallbladder polyps and 7 control liver transplantation donors by RT-PCR. Results The VIP2R mRNA level of the control group (1. 09 ?0. 58 ) was lower than that of the gallbladder polyps group (1.64?0.56 ),P

Objective Preterm birth is a live birth delivered before 37 weeks of gestation.Preterm birth rates have risen in recent years,and preterm birth is the leading cause of perinatal morbidity and mortali-ty worldwide.Both environmental and genetic factors likely play important roles in the development of pre-term birth.MicroRNAs(miRNAs)are 18 to 25 nucleotides,single stranded non-coding RNAs that regulate a wide range of biological processes in development and human disease.In this study,we have investigated the differential expression of hsa-miR-28-3p and ADAM12 in cord blood mononuclear cells of preterm birth and term birth.Methods The cord bloods were collected from the patients of Putuo District Institute of Materni-ty and Child Health.The preterm group(30 patients)was the patients with spontaneous preterm delivery,and the control group(30 patients)was the patients delivered normal infants at term.The expression levels of hsa-miR-28-3p and ADAM12 mRNA were directly generated by real-time PCR.Results The gestational age and birth weight of preterm group was(30.92 ±1.73)weeks and(1 646 ±357)g,and the control group was (39.73 ±0.58)weeks and(3 301 ±394)g.The hsa-miR-28-3p expression of preterm group(1.03 ±0.23) was significantly lower than that of control group(2.32 ±0.52)in the peripheral blood mononuclear cells (P <0.01 );the ADAM12 mRNA expression of preterm group(0.037 8 ±0.005 6)was significantly higher than that of control group(0.027 6 ±0.003 9)(P <0.05);the hsa-miR-28-3p expression was significantly correlated with the ADAM12 mRNA expression(r =-0.634 1 ,P <0.01 ).Conclusion The lower hsa-miR-28-3p expression of cord blood mononuclear cells may up-regulate ADAM12 mRNA expression,and promotes the occurrence of spontaneous preterm birth.

OBJECTIVETo study the changes of fibronectin (FN) and type IV collagen (ColIV) expression in cultured rat mesangial cells (MsC) transfected with Smad 2 vector and to investigate the molecular mechanism of glomerular extracellular matrix accumulation in glomerulosclerosis via transforming growth factor-beta (TGF-beta)/Smad signal pathway.

METHODSSmad 2 vector was transfected into MsC by calcium phosphate. Western blot analysis was used to detect Smad 2 protein. The expression of FN and ColIV proteins and their mRNAs was determined by Western blot and reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction respectively.

RESULTSFour MsC clones (T-12, T-31, T-35, T-40) with Smad 2 overexpression were established. The expression of FN and ColIV was significantly increased at mRNA and protein levels in two (T-12, T-31). Compared with controls, the expression of FN proteins and mRNAs in these two clones was 2.4 times (P < 0.05) and 2.7 times (P < 0.05) higher respectively. The expression of ColIV proteins and mRNAs was 2.9 times (P < 0.01) and 3.3 times (P < 0.01) higher respectively.

CONCLUSIONSIt is postulated that Smad 2 in TGF-beta/Smad signal pathway is important in promoting the accumulation of FN and ColIV in sclerotic glomeruli of diseased kidneys.

Animals ; Cells, Cultured ; Collagen Type IV ; biosynthesis ; genetics ; Fibronectins ; biosynthesis ; genetics ; Genetic Vectors ; Mesangial Cells ; cytology ; metabolism ; Plasmids ; RNA, Messenger ; biosynthesis ; genetics ; Rats ; Signal Transduction ; Smad2 Protein ; genetics ; metabolism ; Transfection ; Transforming Growth Factor beta ; metabolism

Objective To study the immunologic and pathologic features of an accelerated rejection model of renal allotransplantation in presensitized monkeys.Methods The accelerated rejection model of renal allotransplantation was established in presensitized monkeys,which received donor skin transplantation in advance(n=3).The changes of donor specific antibody(DSA)levels in the recipient monkeys before/after skin and kidney transplantation were measured.The kidney grafts were examined for routine pathology,antibody and complement depositions,various lymphocyte subsets infiltration by HE staining,immunofluorescence,or immunohistochemistry.Results All renal allografts in 3 presensitized monkeys developed accelerated rejection within 4 days.In 2 presentized monkeys,the levels of DSA and their mediated complement-dependent cytotoxicity(CDC)were significantly increased after skin transplantation,and further markedly elevated at the time of kidney graft rejection.In the rejected renal grafts,massive C3,C4,C5b-9 and IgG deposits with few lymphocytes infiltration were found.Typical pathologic changes included severe arterionecrosis,thrombosis,interstitial hemorrhage,and infiltration of neutrophils.In the rest one presentized monkey,the levels of DSA and CDC were only marginally increased,and the pathological changes of the rejected renal graft were characterized mainly by the injury of renal tubules.Conclusion Presensitization by donor skin transplantation could elevate the levels of DSA and CDC in recipient monkeys,which resulted in severe antibody-mediated acute humoral rejection in most of the following renal transplants.

OBJECTIVETo evaluate the effects of Chlamydia pneumoniae infection on oxidative stress and the development of atherosclerosis in C57BL/6J mice.

METHODSForty-eight C57BL/6J mice were divided into 4 groups including infection of CP and cholesterol diet, cholesterol diet, infection of CP and control. Atherosclerotic lesions were measured in the aortic root at 40 weeks after the primary infection. Production of superoxide was measured by lucigenin-enhanced chemiluminescence response and evaluated in situ with laser scanning confocal microscope.

RESULTSInfected mice fed with an atherogenic diet developed significantly larger lesion areas compared with the single atherogenic diet mice (135 249 +/- 43 748 microm2 vs. 96 378 +/- 30 945 microm2, P < 0.05). Superoxide generation was higher in aortic arches of the infected mice or atherogenic diet mice compared with the control mice (1974.25 +/- 650.49, 701.00 +/- 105.16, 455.62 +/- 77.54 counts.mg(-1).min(-1) vs. 142.25 +/- 31.82 counts.mg(-1).min(-1), respectively, P < 0.001).

CONCLUSIONChlamydia pneumoniae infection accelerates atherosclerotic lesion development in diet-induced hypercholesterolemic mice. Generation of reactive oxygen species may contribute to atherosclerotic development by Chlamydia pneumoniae infection.

Animals ; Antibodies, Bacterial ; blood ; Atherosclerosis ; etiology ; Chlamydia Infections ; complications ; metabolism ; Chlamydophila pneumoniae ; immunology ; Male ; Mice ; Mice, Inbred C57BL ; Oxidative Stress ; Superoxides ; metabolism

OBJECTIVETo evaluate the correlation between blood eosinophil (EOS)level and steroid doses in patients of bullous pemphigoid (BP).

METHODSA total of 82 untreated BP inpatients (n=49) and outpatients (n=33) were enrolled in this study. The blood EOS level and the steroid doses before and after treatment were recorded. The correlation between EOS level and steroid doses was analyzed retrospectively.

RESULTSEOS increased in 69 BP patients (84.15%); on the contrary, only 10% of normal controls had increased EOS (t=1.99,P<0.001). In 44 inpatients, the blood EOS remained high before steroid treatment, and quickly returned to normal level after the disease became stable. There was a linear correlation between EOS and steroid doses (Spearman analysis,r=0.496,P<0.001). In 5 patients who were treated by non-steroid approach, EOS level also declined after the disease was resolved.

CONCLUSIONEOS can be one of useful indicators for the application of steroids in the treatment of BP.

Adult ; Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Eosinophils ; Female ; Humans ; Leukocyte Count ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Pemphigoid, Bullous ; drug therapy ; immunology ; Retrospective Studies ; Steroids ; administration & dosage ; therapeutic use

OBJECTIVEIn order to get three dimensional measurements simply an plain X-ray photographs.

METHODSThe multi-layers of bone pieces were made by use of bone saw, and piled up to spiral ladder, which was used as a calibrating module for to living bone in clinics. The relationship between the cortical thickness and gray level of the X-ray photographs was obtained.

RESULTSThe correlation can be described with a cubic regression curve, and it can be simplified to a linear regression equation when cortical thickness is small than 3.8 mm.

CONCLUSIONIt can be realized to get three dimensional measures of the bone on plain X-ray photographs, by use of the bony spiral ladder described here.

Adult ; Bone and Bones ; chemistry ; diagnostic imaging ; Humans ; Radiography ; X-Rays

OBJECTIVETo explore a method for in vivo skin reconstruction.

METHODSThirty Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats were randomly divided into two paired groups, i.e. in vivo culture (A group, 10 pairs) and in vitro grafting (B group, 5 pairs). Skin samples were harvested from the rats of the two groups for the isolation of epithelial cells which were then mixed cultured in vitro in 1:1 ratio. Mixed cellular suspension in A group was harvested 4 days after culture. The mixed cellular sheets were harvested 14 days after culture. The cultured cells and sheets were then transplanted onto total skin loss wounds of donor rats for further cultivation. The wounds in A group were covered with allogeneic full-thickness skin. While the wounds in B group were covered by collagen membrane and gauze. Wound repair was observed and compared between the two groups at 2 - 3 post-operative weeks.

RESULTSMost of the wounds in A group healed after 2 - 3 weeks with smooth surface, and the peithelium connected closely and tightly with the subcutaneous tissue. In the wounds in B group on 5 post-operative day, some of the cellular sheets survived and some fell off. Even the healed wounds in B group would be injured again resulting in protracted small wounds.

CONCLUSIONIn vivo in situ epithelial culture might be an optional method of skin reconstruction for wound healing.

Animals ; Cells, Cultured ; Coculture Techniques ; Dermatologic Surgical Procedures ; Epithelial Cells ; transplantation ; Female ; Male ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; Skin ; injuries ; Skin Transplantation ; methods ; Transplantation, Autologous ; Transplantation, Homologous ; Wound Healing