Objective To study the change of metabolism of serum lipids in patients with mild cognitive impairment(MCI). Methods The serum levels of total cholesterol(TC),triglyceride(TG),low density lipoprotein(LDL) and high density lipoprotein(HDL) were measured in 60 patients with MCI and 100 age-matched normal controls. ResultsThe serum levels of TC,TG and LDL were significantly higher and HDL significantly lower in patients with MCI than in normal controls(P

Aim To establish a model of the vascular endothelial cell (VEC) injury in SDrats.Methods SD rats were randomly divided into the control and the modelgroups. The model rats were injected with adrenaline diluted to 2. 5 times 0. 05 mg?100 g-1 (tid) for 5 d continously. From the 4th d, they were irritated for 5 min in the0℃ cold-water in the middle between adrenaline injections.The control rats weregiven 0. 9% NS as above. At 6th d, blood samples were taken from carotid arteries ofthe rats and the CEC counts, t - PA、PAI activities, 6-keto-PGF1? concentrations andthe platelet aggregation rate(max) were detected respectively. Results In the modelgroup, as compared with those in the control group, t - PA activity and 6-keto-PGF1?concentration decreased significantly(P

OBJECTIVETo investigate the effect of triptolide (TPL) on the renal tissue of diabetic rats and its possible mechanisms.

METHODSSD rats were randomly divided into the normal control group (as the normal group), the diabetic model group (the model group), the low dose TPL treatment group (the low dose TPL group, TPL 0.2 mg/kg by gastrogavage), the high dose TPL treatment group (the high dose TPL group, TPL 0.4 mg/kg by gastrogavage). Equal volume of normal saline was given to rats in the normal group and the model group. Five rats were randomly selected from each group at week 4, 8, and 12 of the experiment to detect body weight, kidney weight, 24 h urinary albumin (24 h UAL), plasma glucose (FBG), total cholesterol (TC), total triglyeride (TG), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), white blood cell (WBC), and hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c). The mRNA and protein expression of regulated upon activation normal T-cell expressed and secreted (RANTES) in the renal tissue was assessed by reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) and enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). The renal tissue was pathologically stained by HE, PAS, and Masson staining. The glomerular and renal tubular interstitial lesions were observed at each time point. The glomerular sclerosis index (GSI) was observed by PAS staining, and the renal interstitial filrosis index (RIFI) was calcutated.

RESULTSCompared with the same group at week 4, the expression of 24 h UAL, RANTES, GSI, and RIFI at week 12 significantly decreased in two TPL groups (P <0.01). Compared with the same group at week 8, the expression of 24 h UAL, RANTES, GSI, and RIFI at week 12 also significantly decreased in the two TPL groups (P <0. 05, P <0.01). Compared with the normal group, body weight and the kidney weight obviously decreased at week 4, 8, and 12 in the model group (P <0. 01); 24 h UAL, FBG, TG, TC, HbA1c, RANTES, GSI, and RIFI were obviously elevated (P <0.01). Compared with the model group, 24 h UAL, RANTES, GSI, and RIFI also decreased in the two TPL treatment groups (P <0.01). Compared with the low dose TPL group, they were attenuated in the high dose TPL group (P <0. 05, P <0. 01).

CONCLUSIONTPL could not only inhibit the over-expression of RANTES, but also improve the glomerular sclerosis and renal interstitial fibrosis in the renal tissue of diabetic rats.

Animals ; Chemokine CCL5 ; drug effects ; metabolism ; Diabetes Mellitus, Experimental ; drug therapy ; Diabetic Nephropathies ; drug therapy ; Diterpenes ; pharmacology ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; metabolism ; Epoxy Compounds ; pharmacology ; Glycated Hemoglobin A ; metabolism ; Immunosuppressive Agents ; pharmacology ; Kidney ; drug effects ; Kidney Diseases ; drug therapy ; Kidney Glomerulus ; metabolism ; Kidney Tubules ; metabolism ; Phenanthrenes ; pharmacology ; RNA, Messenger ; genetics ; Rats

Carcinoma, Hepatocellular ; genetics ; pathology ; secondary ; Diagnosis, Differential ; Humans ; Liver Neoplasms ; genetics ; pathology ; secondary ; Loss of Heterozygosity ; Male ; Microsatellite Repeats ; Middle Aged ; Neoplasms, Multiple Primary ; genetics

Adolescent ; Adult ; Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Ankle Joint ; surgery ; Bone Nails ; Female ; Fracture Fixation, Internal ; Humans ; Joint Instability ; surgery ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Reconstructive Surgical Procedures ; methods

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the effect of anti-inducible costimulator monoclonal antibody (anti-ICOS-Ab) combined with low-dose cyclosporine (CsA) on the survival quality and chronic rejection of heart allografts in rats. METHODS: The rats' heterotopic cardiac transplantation model was established by Ono's method. The recipient rats were randomly divided into an isotransplantation control group and an allotransplantation experiment group. The experiment group was re-classified into a placebo group, a normal-dose CsA group, an anti-ICOS-Ab group, a low-dose CsA group, and an anti-ICOS-Ab combined with low-dose CsA group. The survival time of grafts was monitored. The cardiac grafts were harvested for histological analysis. Flow cytometric analysis was employed to detect the population of CD25+CD4+ in peripheral lymphocytes from recipients with a long-term surviving graft. RESULTS: The survival time of the cardiac allografts in CsA-treated groups was significantly longer than that in placebo group (P<0.05). The survival time of the cardiac allografts in anti-ICOS-Ab combined with low-dose CsA group was significantly longer than that in low dose CsA-treated group (P<0.05). There was no significant difference in the survival time of the cardiac grafts between the anti-ICOS-Ab group and the placebo group (P>0.05). Compared with the normal-dose CsA group, the chronic rejection lesions of the anti-ICOS-Ab combined with low-dose CsA treatment group significantly were alleviated in the long-term survival grafts, and the proportion of CD4+CD25+ regulatory T cell increased in peripheral blood. CONCLUSION The anti-ICOS-Ab combined with low-dose CsA can prolong the survival of cardiac allografts and alleviate the chronic rejection significantly. The high expression level of CD4+CD25+ regulatory T cell is beneficial to the long-term survival of grafts.
Animals ; Antibodies, Monoclonal ; therapeutic use ; Antigens, Differentiation, T-Lymphocyte ; immunology ; Chronic Disease ; Cyclosporine ; administration & dosage ; therapeutic use ; Drug Therapy, Combination ; Graft Rejection ; drug therapy ; Graft Survival ; drug effects ; Heart Transplantation ; adverse effects ; Inducible T-Cell Co-Stimulator Protein ; Random Allocation ; Rats ; T-Lymphocytes, Regulatory ; immunology

OBJECTIVETo observe the distribution of toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) in rats' respiratory tract. To study the influence of LPS and Eucalyptus globulus oil on the distribution of TMR4.

METHODThe Sprague-Dawley rats were intratracheally instilled with lipopolysaccharide (LPS,2 mg x kg(-1) per day) for two days to induce acute lung injury. The rats were sacrificed at 72 hours after LPS instillation. Lung morphology was studied. Leukocytes in Bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) were measured and TLR4 were detected by immunohistochemistry.

RESULTThe result of immunohistochemistry showed that TLR4 distributed widely in common rats' respiratory tract. In the group of acute lung injury, the number of leucocyte in BALF was increased apparently, the inflammation in bronchus and bronchioles was more apparently than that of the control group in morphology. And the expression of TLR4 was reinforced in main bronchus and bronchioles. In the group of E. globules oil (300 mg x kg(-1)), the leucocyte number was decreased apparently in BALF, the inflammation was lightened and the expression of TLR4 decreased as compared with the group of models.

CONCLUSIONThe expression of TLR4 distributes widely in rats' respiratory tract. The stimulation of LPS can reinforce the expression of TLR4. The E. globules oil can reduce the increase of TLR4 induced by LPS in bronchioles.

Animals ; Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal ; isolation & purification ; pharmacology ; Bronchi ; metabolism ; Bronchoalveolar Lavage Fluid ; cytology ; Eucalyptus ; chemistry ; Leukocyte Count ; Lipopolysaccharides ; Lung ; pathology ; Male ; Oils, Volatile ; isolation & purification ; pharmacology ; Plants, Medicinal ; chemistry ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; Respiratory Distress Syndrome, Adult ; chemically induced ; metabolism ; pathology ; Toll-Like Receptor 4 ; metabolism

To investigate the molecular genetics basis for one para-Bombay phenotype, the red blood cell phenotype of the proband was characterized by standard serological techniques. Exon 6 and 7 of ABO gene, the entire coding region of FUT1 gene and FUT2 gene were amplified by polymerase chain reaction from genomic DNA of the proband respectively. The PCR products were purified by agarose gels and directly sequenced. The PCR-SSP and genescan were performed to confirm the mutations detected by sequencing. The results showed that the proband ABO genotype was A(102)A(102). Two heterozygous mutations of FUT1 gene, an A to G transition at position 682 and AG deletion at position 547-552 were detected in the proband. A682G could cause transition of Met-->Val at amino acid position 228, AG deletion at position 547-552 caused a reading frame shift and a premature stop codon. The FUT2 genotype was heterozygous for a functional allele Se(357) and a weakly functional allele Se(357), 385 (T/T homozygous at position 357 and A/T heterozygous at 385 position). It is concluded that the compound heterozygous mutation--a novel A682G missense mutation and a 547-552 del AG is the molecular mechanism of this para-Bombay phenotype.
ABO Blood-Group System ; genetics ; China ; DNA Mutational Analysis ; Female ; Fucosyltransferases ; genetics ; Genotype ; Humans ; Male ; Mutation ; Mutation, Missense ; Pedigree ; Phenotype ; Sequence Deletion

To analyse the reason for one case of hemolytic transfusion reaction, antibodies in a patient's serum were identified using panel cells and Le (a-b-) phenotype cells, patient phenotype was identified by using anti-Le(a) and anti-Le(b) blood grouping reagents and the entire coding region of FUT3 gene was amplified by PCR and sequenced directly. The results showed that both IgM anti-Le(a) and anti-Le(b) antibodies were detected in patient's serum. Red cells was typed as Le (a-b-) phenotype and the FUT3 genotype was homozygote for non-functional le(59, 508) alleles. In conclusion, anti-Le(b) antibody can result in hemolytic transfusion reaction, FUT3 gene is homozygous for le(59, 508) allele resulting in Le (a-b-) phenotype.
Adult ; Antibodies ; adverse effects ; immunology ; Blood Grouping and Crossmatching ; Female ; Fucosyltransferases ; genetics ; Genotype ; Hematologic Diseases ; Humans ; Lewis Blood-Group System ; immunology ; Serology ; Transfusion Reaction

OBJECTIVETo analyze the influence of benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) drugs on incidence and pathology grading of prostate cancer in China.

METHODSRetrospectively investigated the history of drug treatment in 1029 cases of BPH in patients from February 1998 to December 2004. According to the history of drug use, the patients were divided into 4 groups: finasteride group, alpha-receptor inhibitor group, finasteride and alpha-receptor inhibitor combination group and control group (untreated group). We gathered pathology sections of patients in all groups, and gave Gleason Score to each. The difference of incidence and pathology grading of prostate cancer were analyzed by Stata 7.0.

RESULTSThe incidence of prostate cancer in the population of our study was 13.5%; The incidence in finasteride group, alpha-receptor inhibitor group, combination group and control group was 9.8%, 16.0%, 10.3% and 18.6%, respectively. There was significant difference between the two groups with the use of finasteride and the two groups without it (P < 0.05). In our study, the ratio of middle or high level pathology grading (Gleason ≥ 7) in prostate cancer patients was 58.3%, the ratio of middle or high level pathology grading prostate cancer patients in the four groups was 71.4%, 59.6%, 67.7% and 40.0%, respectively. In the comparison of composition ratio of middle or high level prostate cancer, there was significant difference between the two groups with the use of finasteride and the two groups without it (P < 0.05).

CONCLUSIONSFinasteride can lower the risk of prostate cancer, but increase the pathology grade of the prostate cancer which has occurred in the same time. The alpha-receptor inhibitor does not have the same effect.

Adrenergic alpha-Antagonists ; therapeutic use ; Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Finasteride ; therapeutic use ; Humans ; Incidence ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Prostatic Hyperplasia ; drug therapy ; Prostatic Neoplasms ; epidemiology ; pathology ; Retrospective Studies