Abstract: Objective To analyze the risk factors for neonatal preterm birth in 12 hospitals in Yunnan Province from 2016 to 2017, and to establish a nomogram prediction model for neonatal preterm birth, providing scientific evidence for the prevention of preterm birth. Methods A total of 20 445 pregnant women who gave birth in 12 hospitals in Yunnan Province from 2016 to 2017 were collected and grouped into a preterm group (n=1 186) and a full-term group (n=19 259) according to whether they had a premature delivery. The general information questionnaire of pregnant women designed by the research team was applied to understand the basic conditions and pregnancy information of the two groups, and the risk factors of preterm birth were determined by logistic regression analysis, R software was applied to draw a nomogram prediction model of neonatal preterm birth, and its predictive performance was tested. Results There were significant differences in the proportions of twins and above (9.11% vs 7.10%), pregnancy-induced hypertension (21.67% vs 18.57%), gestational diabetes mellitus (18.21% vs 15.90%), anemia (24.28% vs 20.70%), premature rupture of membranes (11.64% vs 9.76%), and abnormal placenta (7.08% vs 5.51%) between the preterm group and the full-term group (χ2=6.731, 7.055, 4.441, 8.691, 4.437, 5.232, all P<0.05); the logistic regression analysis showed that the risk factors for neonatal preterm birth were twins and above (OR=2.378), pregnancy-induced hypertension (OR=2.039), gestational diabetes mellitus (OR=1.824), anemia (OR=1.825), and premature rupture of membranes (OR=2.313) (all P<0.05); the discrimination (area under the curve was 0.794, 95%CI=0.738-0.850) and precision (goodness of fit HL test, χ2=8.864, P=0.312) of the nomogram model constructed to predict the occurrence of neonatal preterm birth were both good. Conclusions The nomogram model for preterm birth constructed based on 5 factors including number of fetuses, pregnancy-induced hypertension, gestational diabetes mellitus, anemia and premature rupture of membranes can predict the occurrence of neonatal preterm birth well, thus providing reference for the prevention of neonatal preterm birth.

OBJECTIVETo elucidate the natural occurrence of masked deoxynivalenol (DON-3-G) and other multi-mycotoxins in cereals from parts of China.

METHODSA total of 446 corn and wheat samples harvested in 2007 and 2008 collected from Henan, Hebei, Guangxi, Anhui, Sichuan, Chongqing and Jiangsu provinces were analyzed for DON-3-G and other multi-mycotoxins (including deoxynivalenol (DON), zearalenone (ZEN), nivalenol (NIV), et al) by UPLC-MS/MS.

RESULTSCorn and wheat samples were mainly contaminated by DON and its derivatives as well as ZEN.88% (169/192) of wheat samples were positive for DON (range: 1.5 - 590.7 µg/kg; median: 30.8 µg/kg); 22.9% (44/192) of wheat samples were contaminated with ZEN (range: 1.7 - 3425.0 µg/kg; median: 8.0 µg/kg) and six samples contained ZEN concentration higher than the ZEN tolerance limit of 60 µg/kg. DON was detected in 50.5% (103/204) corn samples (range: 1.6 - 4374.4 µg/kg; median: 94.9 µg/kg); Seven samples contained DON exceeding the tolerance limit of 1000 µg/kg for DON. Additionally, ZEN was found in 41.7% (85/204) corn samples with the concentration between 1.6 µg/kg and 4808.7 µg/kg (median: 48.5 µg/kg) and there were 37 corn samples with ZEN level in the excess of tolerance limit for ZEN (60 µg/kg). DON-3-G was detected in corn and wheat samples for the first time in China with the median level of 21.4 µg/kg and 34.6 µg/kg for wheat and corn, respectively. Wheat was more heavily contaminated with DON-3-G than both 3-acetyl-DON (3-A-DON, median: 4.1 µg/kg) and 15-acetyl-DON (15-A-DON, median: 3.1 µg/kg) (t values were 5.111 and 5.966, respectively, both P values < 0.01). While, the level of 15-A-DON (median: 48.6 µg/kg) in corn was higher than 3-A-DON (median: 6.8 µg/kg) (t = -3.579, P < 0.01). The concentration of DON, DON-3-G, 3-A-DON, 15-A-DON and ZEN in corn were higher than that in wheat (Z values were -3.492, -1.960, -2.467, -8.711 and -6.272, respectively, all P values < 0.05). Wheat (median: 29.0 µg/kg) contained higher NIV in comparison with corn (median: 18.2 µg/kg, Z = -2.086, P < 0.05).

CONCLUSIONWheat and corn samples from parts of China were contaminated with multi-mycotoxins and DON was the predominant;in comparison of wheat, corn was more heavily contaminated with DON, DON-3-G, 3-A-DON, 15-A-DON and ZEN.

China ; Edible Grain ; chemistry ; microbiology ; Food Contamination ; Food Microbiology ; Fusarium ; isolation & purification ; Mycotoxins ; isolation & purification ; Trichothecenes ; isolation & purification ; Triticum ; chemistry ; microbiology ; Zea mays ; chemistry ; microbiology

Chronic Disease ; Humans ; Nasal Polyps ; classification ; Sinusitis ; classification

ObjectiveTo probe the clinical features,diagnosis and treatment of idiopathic generalized myokymia.MethodsSeven patients with idiopathic generalized myokymia were analysed retrospectively.ResultsAll 7 patients showed prominent myokymia characterized by undulating and vermicular movements spreading across the muscle surface. The myokymia in gastrocnemius muscles in all cases. The myokymia also appeared in both upper extremities in 5 patients,and in faces,waist,back,abdomen and all extremities in 2 patients. Muscle rippling movement was induced and increased by exercise,and persistent during sleep. The vermicular myokymia could be observed easily in the relaxation of the muscles. Electromyography tests showed myokymic discharges in 5 patients,but normal in 2 patients. 5 patients of them were cured with carbamazepine and phenytoin sodium.ConclusionThere are typical clinical features and effective treatment in the patients with idiopathic generalized myokymia.

Adult ; Colitis ; diagnosis ; surgery ; Cysts ; diagnosis ; surgery ; Female ; Humans ; Rectum ; pathology ; surgery

OBJECTIVETo evaluate the clinical effectiveness of transurethral seminal vesiculoscopy (TUSV) combined with finasteride in the treatment of recurrent hemospermia.

METHODSThis study included 32 patients with recurrent hematospermia, with the disease course of 3 months to 4 years. After administration of finasteride at 5 mg/d for 2 weeks, the patients underwent TUSV for both exploration of the causes and treatment, followed by medication with finasteride at the same dose for another 2 weeks. Postoperative follow-up was conducted for observation of the outcomes and complications.

RESULTSTUSV was successfully accomplished in all the 32 cases, which revealed 16 cases of seminal vesiculitis, 10 seminal calculi, 1 seminal vesicle cyst, 2 seminal vesicle polyps, and 3 seminal vesicle abscess. The operative time was 20 to 51 (31.0 +/- 5.2) minutes. Postoperative complications included 1 case of acute epididymitis and 3 cases of breast discomfort within the first 4 weeks. No incontinence, urethral stricture, rectal injury, retrograde ejaculation, and sexual dysfunction occurred postoperatively. All the patients but 1 were followed up for 6 months to 2 years. Twenty-nine of the cases were cured, and 2 experienced recurrence.

CONCLUSIONTransurethral seminal vesiculoscopy combined with finasteride is safe and effective for the treatment of recurrent hemospermia.

Adult ; Endoscopy ; methods ; Finasteride ; therapeutic use ; Follow-Up Studies ; Hemospermia ; therapy ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Retrospective Studies ; Treatment Outcome

Background About one third of congenital cataract is associated with inheriting factor.The inherited heterogeneity has been found in congenital cataract.To seek the pathogenic gene is essential for the gene therapy. Objective Present study was to map and identify the causal gene for autosomal dominant congenital cataract (ADCC) in a Chinese family. Methods The clinical features of all affected members in this family were examined.Blood samples were collected from eleven family members for genetic linkage analysis.Polymorphic microsatellite markers were selected from the regions which harbor all known loci linked with ADCC.Universal fluorescent-labeled M13 primer was used in linkage analysis.Direct genomic sequencing was used to evaluate the candidate gene for example CRYBB2 gene.This study followed Helsinki Declaration and was proved by Tianjin City Ethic Committee.Written informed consent was obtained from each SUbject before any medical procees. Results The maximum two-point LOD score of 1.20 was obtained for marker D22S315 (θ=0).The LOD score of 0.6 was obtained for marker D16S3068.No mutation in all exons of CRYBB2 gene was found in the family. Conclusion CRYBB2 gene associated with ADCC was excluded from the family.A genome-wide linkage screening should be conducted.Genotyping with microsatellite markers using Universal fluorescent-labeled M13 primer can decrease the cost and obtain the same result.

Scm in volume(42/60),multiple site involvement(44/60),blood type"O"(31/41),in comparison with those of survival group,and the difference was statistically significant.C-erbB-2,p16,p53,P-gp,CD_(44) and CD_(25)expression were not significantly different in these two groups. Conclusion The clinical stage, lymph node metastasis,lymphatic tumor emboli and/or neural involvement,infiltration depth,histological dif- ferentiation,tumor volume,involvement extension are important prognostic factors in patients with gastric can- cer,while the significance of cancer-related gene expression in gastric carcinomas needs to be studied further.

OBJECTIVE: The content changes of energy substances in the cardiac muscle of rat killed by different manners were investigated to elucidate evidence that can be used to determine the modes of death and postmortem interval. METHODS: One hundred and eighty rats were randomly allocated into 3 groups and killed by bleeding, suffocating, and neck breaking, respectively. The contents of ATP, ADP, and AMP in the cardiac muscle of rats killed by the different manners at different death intervals (0, 0.5, 1, 1.5, 2, 3, 4, 6, 8, 12, 18, and 24 h) were measured by HPLC. RESULTS: There were significant differences observed in the contents of ATP and AMP in the rats' cardiac muscle in different groups at most of the intervals (P < 0.05) and at all of the intervals within the same group (P < 0.01), but no differences were found in the ADP contents in any of the group at most of the intervals. CONCLUSION The content changes of energy substances (ATP and AMP) in the cardiac muscle of dead rats may provide a basis for determination of the death manners and postmortem intervals.
Adenosine Diphosphate/metabolism* ; Adenosine Monophosphate/metabolism* ; Adenosine Triphosphate/metabolism* ; Animals ; Asphyxia/metabolism* ; Cause of Death ; Cervical Vertebrae/injuries* ; Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid ; Female ; Male ; Myocardium/pathology* ; Postmortem Changes ; Random Allocation ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; Shock, Hemorrhagic/metabolism* ; Time Factors

BACKGROUNDVarious tissue engineering strategies have been developed to facilitate axonal regeneration after spinal cord injury. This study aimed to investigate whether neural stem cells (NSCs) could survive in poly(L-lactic-co-glycolic acid) (PLGA) scaffolds and, when cografted with Schwann cells (SCs), could be induced to differentiate towards neurons which form synaptic connection and eventually facilitate axonal regeneration and myelination and motor function.

METHODSNSCs and SCs which were seeded within the directional PLGA scaffolds were implanted in hemisected adult rat spinal cord. Control rats were similarly injured and implanted of scaffolds with or without NSCs. Survival, migration, differentiation, synaptic formation of NSCs, axonal regeneration and myelination and motor function were analyzed. Student's t test was used to determine differences in surviving percentage of NSCs. One-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) was used to determine the differences in the number of axons myelinated in the scaffolds, the mean latency and amplitude of cortical motor evoked potentials (CMEPs) and Basso, Beattie & Bresnahan locomotor rating scale (BBB) score. The χ(2) test was used to determine the differences in recovery percentage of CMEPs.

RESULTSNSCs survived, but the majority migrated into adjacent host cord and died mostly. Survival rate of NSCs with SCs was higher than that of NSCs without SCs ((1.7831 ± 0.0402)% vs. (1.4911 ± 0.0313)%, P < 0.001). Cografted with SCs, NSCs were induced to differentiate towards neurons and might form synaptic connection. The mean number of myelinated axons in PLGA + NSCs + SCs group was more than that in PLGA + NSCs group and in PLGA group ((110.25 ± 30.46) vs. (18.25 ± 3.30) and (11.25 ± 5.54), P < 0.01). The percentage of CMEPs recovery in PLGA + NSCs + SCs group was higher than in the other groups (84.8% vs. 50.0% and 37.5%, P < 0.05). The amplitude of CMEPs in PLGA + NSCs + SCs group was higher than in the other groups ((1452.63 ± 331.70) µV vs. (428.84 ± 193.01) µV and (117.33 ± 14.40) µV, P < 0.05). Ipsilateral retransection resulted in disappearance again and functional loss of CMEPs for a few days. But contralateral retransection completely damaged the bilateral motor function.

CONCLUSIONSNSCs can survive in PLGA scaffolds, and SCs promote NSCs to survive and differentiate towards neurons in vivo which even might form synaptic connection. The scaffolds seeded with cells facilitate axonal regeneration and myelination and motor function recovery. But regenerating axons have limited contribution to motor function recovery.

Animals ; Axons ; physiology ; Cells, Cultured ; Electrophysiology ; Female ; Fluorescent Antibody Technique ; Lactic Acid ; chemistry ; Nerve Regeneration ; physiology ; Neural Stem Cells ; cytology ; Polyglycolic Acid ; chemistry ; Pregnancy ; Rats ; Rats, Wistar ; Schwann Cells ; cytology ; Spinal Cord Injuries ; therapy ; Tissue Engineering ; methods ; Tissue Scaffolds ; chemistry