AIM: To investigate the expressions of the cyclin dependent kinase inhibitor (CKI) in human corneal epithelium.METHODS: The expressions of CKI, P27, P21 and proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) were tested in different regions of corneal epithelium by SP immunohistochemistry.RESULTS: Limbal basal cells stained positively for PCNA while central corneal epithelium cells stained negatively for PCNA, their difference was statistically significant (P＜0.01).Positive staining for P27 and P21 were observed in central epithelium, but there was no positive staining in limbal epithelium. Their difference were also statistically significant (P＜0.01).CONCLUSION: The different expressions of CKI P27, P21and PCNA in different corneal epithelial regions suggest that in limbal basal layer there are a group of cells that have higher proliferative capacity staying in G1 status, namely stem cell.

Objective To explore the application of Propensity Score Matching Methods in medical scientific research,and demonstrate the operation process of SPSS.Methods This article summarized and discussed the principle and application of PSM through the literature,a real example was adopted to introduce the operation procedures of SPSS.Results We can use PSM process to control confounding factors between the retrospective study groups effectively through SPSS.Conclusions PSM is an efficient tool to conduct retrospective study.It can provide necessary help for clinical data mining.

Objective] The explanations of the six meridians theory in the book Shanghan Lun were always divergent, most of them explained it with medical theory of later ages.However, il ustrating it from the philosophic perspective was not commonly seen. Yi Jing, the book of changes, was the origin of traditional Chinese philosophy, and the six meridian system, which included three yin and three yang, was just derived from the four xiang(a traditional Chinese concept which refers to taiyang, shaoyin, shaoyang, taiyin). [Method] Through the eight trigrams and the images were analyzed with the Treatise on Six Classicsstate gasification combined with analysis Zhongjing Six Classics theoretical system and the principle of prescription. [Result] Found that eight trigrams can be good images of the corresponding six by the system, the difficult provisions in Tretise on Febrile Diseases were wel explained. [Conclusion]Through combining the images of Bagua(eight trigrams) in Yi Jing with six meridians in Shanghan Lun,il ustrating six meridians from philosophic aspect, and explaining the six meridians theory with philosophical ideas before Zhongjing ’s(the writer of Shanghan Lun) age, in order to provide new ways of thinking in comprehending the six meridians system.

Objective]To study the correspondence between human and universe theory in Shanghan Lun starting with Zhongjing ’s doctrine of treatment based on four seasons,analyse the influence of the changing seasons on giving names to the six meridians by Zhongjing ,research on the influence of pulse theory based on four seasons in Huangdi Neijing on the pulse system includes the six meridians system ,summarize the rules of the four seasons’ influence on the six meridians system in Shanghan Lun,and return to Zhongjing’s original viewpoint of four seasons and their yin and yang condition. [Method]By studying the Treatise on Four Seasons treatment Dafa Six Classics and veins in the school system, restore Treatise on Heavencorresponding way of thinking. [Result] It finds that seasons law is the core of six distinguished by its Zhongjing school system clock. [Conclusion] Studying the Four Seasonslaw andseasons therapy Dafa can know Treatise on Six by the corresponding season and six by the significance and reflects theTreatise onlearning system from four seasons pulse method.

Objective To investigate the inhibitory effect of earthworm fibrinolytic enzyme (EFE) on the metastasis of human hepatoma cells.Methods A metastatic model of human hepatocellular carcinoma in nude mice via orthotopic implantation was established.After the modeling for 7 days,the mice were divided randomly into the control group,low-dose EFE group (800 uku/kg?d-1),and high-dose EFE group (1600 uku/kg?d-1).After administration for 30 days,the implanted tumors were weighted,and the intrahepatic transmission rate and abdominal cavity seeding rate were calculated after examination by naked eyes.Then the pulmonary metastasis were examined under microscope,and the expression of focus adhesion kinase (FAK) and ?1-intigrin were detected through RT-PCR and western blotting method.Results Compared with the model control group,the mean weight of the orthotopic tumor was reduced,and the intrahepatic transmission rate and abdominal cavity seeding rate were decreased in FEF groups (P

Objective To explore the role of TLR2 and TLR4 in the pathogenesis of Henoch-Schonlein purpura ( HSP) by investigating their expression at mRNA and protein levels in peripheral blood mononuclear cells ( PBMCs ) and their influences on Th 1/Th2 immune response in children with HSP . Methods 64 hospitalized children with HSP in the Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University Medical Col -lege from October 2011 to November 2012 were enrolled in the study .They were further divided into non-He-noch-Schonlein purpura nephritis ( NHSPN ) group ( n =36 ) and Henoch-Schonlein purpura nephritis (HSPN) group (n=28).30 age-matched healthy children from Child Health Division of the same hospital were selected as controls .The expression of TLR2 and TLR4 at mRNA level in PBMCs were detected by re-al-time fluorescent polymerase chain reaction .The expression of TLR2 and TLR4 at protein level and T cells subset were detected by flow cytometry .The levels of IFN-γ, IL-4 and IL-6 in plasma were determined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA).Results (1)Compared with the control group , the expres-sion of TLR2 and TLR4 at mRNA and protein levels were remarkably increased in children with HSP , espe-cially in HSPN group.(2)Compared with the control group, the percentage of CD3+T cells and CD3+CD4+T cells were down-regulated in HSP group , but the percentage of CD 3+CD8+T cells and CD3+HLADR+T cells were up-regulated.(3)The level of IFN-γand the ratio of IFN-γ/IL-4 in plasma from children with HSP were significantly lower than those of the controls , while the level of IL-4 and IL-6 were remarkably higher than those of the controls .(4)The expression of TLR2 and TLR4 at protein level in PBMCs from chil-dren with HSP showed significant positive correlations with the expression of TLR 2 and TLR4 at mRNA level and plasma concentration of IL-4 and IL-6, but a negative correlation with the ratio of IFN-γ/IL-4.Conclu-sions The aberrant activation of TLR 2 and TLR4 might be correlated with the immunological pathogenesis of HSP by enhancing Th2 immune response.The hyper-activation of TLR2 and TLR4 might result in renal injury in patients with HSP .

OBJECTIVETo investigate the prevalence and subtype distribution of human papillomavirus (HPV) infection and its correlation with age among women in Beijing urban area, and provide some epidemiological evidence for the clinical application of HPV vaccines.

METHODSWe collected cervical specimens from 1999 women in the Outpatient Department of our hospital, performed genetyping of HPV-DNA, and analyzed the incidence of HPV infection in different age groups.

RESULTSHPV infection was detected in 502 (25.2%) of the 1999 women patients, with 391 (19.6%) cases of high-risk HPV, which included 326 (83.4%, 326/391) cases of single infection. HPV-16 was the most common type (21.2%, 69/326), followed by HPV-52 (19.3%, 63/326) and HPV-58 (16.0%, 52/326). The prevalence of HPV infection was the highest among the women aged 41 -50 years and the lowest among those over 60 years.

CONCLUSIONThe subtype- and age-specific distribution of HPV infection among women in Beijing urban area shows an obvious heterogeneity, which deserves due consideration in the clinical application of HPV vaccines.

Adolescent ; Adult ; Age Distribution ; Aged ; China ; epidemiology ; Female ; Genotype ; Humans ; Middle Aged ; Papillomaviridae ; classification ; genetics ; Papillomavirus Infections ; epidemiology ; Young Adult

Acupuncture Therapy ; Adolescent ; Adult ; Diarrhea ; therapy ; Female ; Humans ; Irritable Bowel Syndrome ; therapy ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Mouth ; Young Adult

Animals ; Endothelins ; physiology ; Humans ; Mice ; Pulmonary Fibrosis ; etiology ; Rats

BACKGROUND:The influence of Tol-like receptor 2 (TLR2), Tol-like receptor 4 (TLR4), Tol-like receptor 6 (TLR6) signal transduction pathway and active Treg in children with Henoch-Schonlein purpura has been unknown.
OBJECTIVE:To investigate the expression of TLR2, TLR4 and TLR6 in peripheral blood mononuclear cells and Treg immune response in patients with Henoch-Schonlein purpura, and to explore the role of TLR2, TLR4, TLR6 and Treg activation in the pathogenesis of Henoch-Schonlein purpura.
METHODForty-two hospitalized children with Henoch-Schonlein purpura were enrol ed in this study. Another 15 healthy children were selected as controls. TLR2, TLR4 and TLR6 at protein level in peripheral blood mononuclear cells were detected by flow cytometey;reverse-transcription PCR and real-time PCR were used to evaluate the level of MyD88;the levels of transforming growth factor-βand interleukin-10 were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. t-test or t’-test was used to compare the levels of these genes and proteins. Pearson’s correlation test was done for correlation analysis.
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:Compared with the control group, the protein levels of TLR2, TLR4, TLR6 and the relative expression level of MyD88 mRNA were significantly up-regulated (P<0.01). The serum levels of transforming growth factor-βand interleukin-10 were higher in the Henoch-Schonlein purpura children than the healthy children (P<0.05). There was a significant correlation between the protein levels of TLR2, TLR4, TLR6 and mRNA level of MyD88 (P<0.01), but no relationship was found between TLRs and interleukin-10, transforming growth factor-β(P>0.05). The excessive activation of TLR2, TLR4, TLR6 may be involved in the process of Henoch-Schonlein purpura via MyD88-dependent pathway, and the compensatory activation of Treg may participate in protective immunity.