Objective To evaluate the value of percutaneous endoscopic gastrostomy (PEG) in the treatment of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) patients with dysphagia. Method Sixty-five ALS patients underwent PEG from April 2005 to July 2010 were analysed retrospectively. Results All the 65 patients underwent PEG,and 2 patients failed because of dyspnea. Totally 63 patients were intubated successfully,the successful rate was 96.9%(63/65). The operation time was 8-17 min. Two patients had local infection.After 3 months, the body mass index was increased from (18.3 ± 1.0) kg/m2 to (19.7 ± 1.2) kg/m2(t = 15.8,P ＜ 0.01), without peritonitis, migration of the gastrostomy tube and other complications. Conclusions PEG is a safe method with a low complication for ALS patients to get enteral nutrition. Dyspnea is the main reason of failure.

Animals ; Cell Survival ; Cells, Cultured ; GTP-Binding Proteins ; metabolism ; Isoproterenol ; adverse effects ; Myocytes, Cardiac ; cytology ; drug effects ; metabolism ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; Receptors, Adrenergic, beta-2 ; metabolism

Objective:To investigate the expression of MHC class Ⅰ chain-related gene A(MICA) on different human tumor cells(K562,MCF-7,HR-8348,CNE-2,HeLa) and their sensitivity to NK cytotoxicity.Methods:Cytotoxicity of NK cells(isolated from 3 healthy persons) were detected by LDH releasing assay at different effect-to-target cell ratios(E∶T). The expression of MICA was measured by FACS.Results:Different level of MICA was detected on surface of tumor cell lines, anti-MICAmAb could partially inhibit the cytotoxicity of NK cells.Conclusion:NKG2D-MICA interaction can trigger the cytotoxicity of NK cells against tumor,NK cells can be a kind of effector cell for the treatment of some certain tumors.

Objective To investigate the characteristics of etiology,efficacy of endoscopic management for recurrent idiopathic pancreatitis (RIP).MethodsThe clinical data of 58 cases of RIP diagnosed in our hospital from April 2005 to April 2011 were retrospectively analyzed.All the patients underwent endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP),and patients with suspected sphincter of Oddi dysfunction received manometry.According to the clinical and ERCP manifestations,the etiologies of RIP were determined and individualized endoscopic treatment was applied.The patients were followed-up postoperatively about the improvement of abdominal pain and recurrence of RIP.ResuItsFifty-eight patients (29 males,29 females) were suffered from acute pancreatitis from 3 to more than 10 times.The etiologies were as follows:29 cases of biliary microlithiasis,19 case of sphincter of Oddi dysfunction ( 16 cases of pancreatic type,3 cases of mixed type),4 cases of anomalous arrangement of the pancreaticobiliary duct,and 6 cases of normal manifestations at ERCP.Biliary sphincterotomy alone was performed in 33 patients,while both biliary and pancreatic sphincterotomy was performed in 8 patients,and pancreatic sphincterotomy alone was performed in 17 patients,after sphincterotomy,pancreatic stent insertion was performed in 24 patients.The follow-up data was obtained from 41 out of 58 patients,the follow-up period ranged from 3 ～ 67 months ( average 33 months).During this period,9(22.0％ ) patients suffered from RIP,and the treatment efficiency was 78％.ConclusionsBiliary microlithiasis and sphincter of Oddi dysfunction are the main causes of RIP.Drink could induce RIP.ERCP has definite treatment efficacy for RIP.

Objective:This study was designed to explore the effects and mechanisms of raltitrexed on the growth of the human gastric cancer cell line (MGC-803) transplanted in nude mice. Methods: Models of MGC-803 xenograft transplanted in nude mice were established. Body weight, mental state, food, and stool of the nude mice were closely monitored, and the inhibitory action in the tu-mors was evaluated after drug intervention. Distribution and apoptosis of the tumor cells were examined through flow cytometric assay. P53 mRNA and protein expression levels were determined through reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction and Western blot analysis. Changes among the three groups were compared. Results:Body weights and tumor volumes of the nude mice were lower in the raltitrexed and 5-fluorouracil (5-Fu) groups than those in the control group. Tumor inhibition ratios were 49.02%and 45.75%in the raltitrexed and 5-Fu groups, respectively. In the G0/G1 stage, the number of cells decreased in the raltitrexed and 5-Fu groups. Signifi-cant differences were found between the experimental and control groups (P<0.01). In the S stage, the number of cells increased in the raltitrexed and 5-Fu groups, with significant differences from the control group (P<0.01). P53 mRNA and protein expression levels in the raltitrexed and 5-Fu groups were significantly higher than those in the control group (P<0.01), but no significant differences were found between the raltitrexed and 5-Fu groups (P>0.05). Conclusion:Raltitrexed can inhibit the growth of MGC-803 xenograft trans-planted in nude mice and shows inhibitory effect similar to that of 5-Fu. Raltitrexed can induce the S-phase block of the cell cycle and cell apoptosis in the MGC-803 xenografts in the nude mice. This drug may exhibit an antitumor effect by upregulating the p53 mRNA and protein expression levels.

Objective To evaluate the therapeutic effect and safety of forward-viewing,doublechannel endoscope in the process of ERCP in patients with bile duct diseases after Billroth-Ⅱ gastroenterostomy.Methods ERCP was applied to 46 patients with bile duct diseases using forward-viewing,doublechannel endoscope.All patients had the history of Billroth-Ⅱ gastroenterostomy.The success rate of selective cannulation,complication rate and the outcome of all the patients were recorded.Results The procedure succeeded in 38 patients with a success rate of 82.6％,and failed in 8.Of all the failing cases,the afferent loop couldn't be accessed in 6,failure in biliary cannulation in 2.Of 38 successful cases,bile duct stones were successfully removed in 31,metal stents placed for malignant bile duct obstruction in 4,and endoscopic balloon dilation for benign common bile duct stricture in 3.All patients recovered without complications of perforation,delayed bleeding or pancreatitis.Conclusion For patients with history of Billroth-Ⅱgastroenterostomy,ERCP with forward-viewing,double-channel endoscope yields to a higher success rate and lower complication rate.

Four specific salt-tolerant fungi for dissolving phosphate rock (FM) w ere isolated from the coastal saline soils. It was found that the biomass and a b ility to release phosphate from the materials decreased with increasing of the N aCl content. During pH7.0～8.5, the biomass and ability of to release phospho rus from the materials of FM1 decreased sharply with pH rising, but the FM2 and FM4 decreased not considerably, optimal pH for FM3 was at pH8.5. At pH9.0, the bi oma ss and ability of to release phosphorus from the materials decreased quickly. F M2 was stable at alkaline and high salt content condition.

Objective To study the clinical result of the surgical treatment of upper cervical vertebra disease from high anterior cervical retropharyngeal approach.Methods Among 14 patients,there were 7 C_(2.3)disc hernia- rions combined with C_(2.3)dislocations,3 Hangman fractures,2 odontoid process fractures and 2 C_3 tumors.All patients underwent the high anterior cervical retropharyngeal approach.10 cases were given discectomy of C_(2.3)or focus clear- ance of C_3,iliac bone autograft or titanium cage filled and internal fixation with titanium plate.2 cases of odontoid process fractures were given anterior screw fixation.Results 14 cases got successful exposure.The decompression, reduction,lesion clearance and fusion with internal fixation were done in all patients.There were no important vascu- lar or nerve injuries.The surgical treatment could improve the spinal cord nerve function to a certain degree for the cases with compression of spinal cord.Conclusion Good exposure of upper cervical spine and effective surgical oper- ation could be achieved from high anterior cervical retropharyngeal approach,with minimal trauma and complication, and it was a favorable approach.

The prevalence of obesity is increasing. It is associated with conditions such as type 2 diabetes mellitus, hypertension, dyslipidaemia and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease and together with its co-morbidities, obesity has become a fast-growing public health concern and health burden. However, weight loss has been shown to reduce the development and improve these conditions. This paper looks at the epidemiology, obesity-related comorbidities, in particular pre-diabetes, and the various strategies that can be implemented to prevent and treat this looming problem.

Objective To find the relationship between mutation of gamma 2 subunit of the gamma-aminobatyric acid type A receptor(GABRG2) and generalized epilepsy with febrile seizure plus(GEFS+).Methods Probands of 10 families with GEFS+ were selected,the GABRG2 gene were sequenced.Results We found a single nucleotide polymorphism site,and did not find the reported mutations.Conclusion GABRG2 mutation is not common in Hans of northern China.