Acupuncture Therapy ; Adult ; Aged ; Female ; Gastroesophageal Reflux ; therapy ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Treatment Outcome

0.05).Conclusion pcDNA3-gB with different doses have not significant effect on the indexes of hematology,hematological biochemistry and pathology in immunized mice.It is initially proved that pcDNA3-gB is safe.

OBJECTIVE To study the HBV-DNA level and its replication with only HBsAb positive for transplantation. METHODS Serial serum samples were studied with the quantitative determination of HBV-DNA by a quantitative PCR assay and determination of HBsAb by ELISA. RESULTS The positive rate of HBV-DNA was 8.4% in the patients with only HBsAb positive and that was 11.11% in the patients who had not been injected with vaccine;the level of HBV-DNA in 11 samples was less than 10~4 copies/ml and five samples showed the amount between 10~4-10~6 copies/ml.The positive rate of HBV-DNA was 8.4% in the patients with only HBsAb positive and that was 11.11% in the patients who had not been injected with vaccine;the level of HBV-DNA in 11 samples was less than 10~4 copies/ml and five samples showed the level between 10~4-10~6 copies/ml. CONCLUSIONS Patients with only HBsAb positive are still infective,which should be paid attention in transplantation.

3200 mg?L~(-1)),and could suppress HBeAg and HBsAg secretion and lower the HBV-DNA level cultured in HepG2 2.2.15 cell line in a dose and time-dependent manner.Conclusion Some of the mechanisms of PSP against HSV-1 and HSV-2 may be explained by the considerable inhibition of virus absorption and virus replication in cells.Some of the mechanisms of PSP against HBV may be explained by inhibition of the secretion of HBV-antigen and the replication of HBV-DNA.

Objective To study the biological exposure limit in bone metabolism damage caused by coexposure to fluorine and arsenic from coal burning in exposed population.Methods One hundred and ninety-eight cases of fluoride and arsenic co-exposed people from Liuchang village,Qinzhen city,Guizhou province were enrolled in the study.Urinary fluorine (UF),urinary arsenic (UAs),urinary hydroxyproline (UHYP),ross-linked Ntelopeptides of type Ⅰ collagen(UNTX) and bone strength index(STI) were detected.BMDS Version 2.1 software was used to calculate UF,UAs benchmark dose (BMD) and its lower confidence limit (BMDL) on the damage of bone metabolism caused by co-exposure to fluorine and arsenic from coal burning.Results The BMD and BMDL range of UF caused by co-exposure to fluorine and arsenic from coal burning were 0.68-1.35 mg/g Cr,0.57-1.11 mg/g Cr.The BMD and BMDL range of UAs caused by co-exposure to fluorine and arsenic from coal burning were 8.36-18.77 μg/g Cr,7.12-15.40 μg/g Cr.Conclusion The biological exposure limits of UF and UAs for bone metabolism toxicity are proposed as 0.57 mg/g Cr and 7.12 μg/g Cr in co-exposure to fluoride and arsenic from coal burning,respectively.

A PCR method was used to amplify the sequence encoding the mature peptide of?-mannanase of Bacillus subtilis. The gene was inserted into the Pichia pastoris vector pPIC9K, downstream of?-factor signal peptide sequence. The resultant recombinant plasmid pPIC9K-MAN was lineared by BglII digestion and introduced into the host Pichia pastoris GS115 by PEG method. After screen, the recombinant P. pastoris strain MAN22 was obtained and fermented in large scale 5L fermenter. The recombinant mannanase activity could reach to 1102IU/ml. The properties of the recombinant mannanase were characterized.

Aged ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Penis ; innervation ; Prostatectomy ; methods ; Prostatic Neoplasms ; surgery

OBJECTIVETo investigate the efficacy mechanisme of chicory extract interventing abdominal obesity rat from the aspect of gut bacteria.

METHODMale SD rats were randomly divided into five groups, namely the normal group, model group, large and small dose group of chicory and the fenofibrate group. Normal group was given deionized water, the other group was given fructose water and give the medical treatment of chicory and fenofibrate. Assay triglycerides, total cholesterol, LDL and HDL by biochemical methods and measure body weight and abdominal circumference and microscopicly observe the count changes of gut bacteria through real-time PCR method.

RESULTCompared with normal group, the triglyceride level and abdominal circumference were significantly higher (P < 0.05), weight and high-density lipoprotein increased but no significant changes and E. coli, lactobacillus increased significantly. Compared with model group, chicory extract large and small dose group and the fenofibrate group can significantly reduce triglyceride levels (P < 0.05), reduce the number of E. coli and Lactobacillus and increase the number of bifidobacteria. The fenofibrate group can significantly reduce total cholesterol and high-density lipoprotein levels.

CONCLUSIONThe chicory's treatment effect on abdominal obesity is significant. The efficacy mechanisme intervention abdominal obesity may be related to the reduction of the number of lactic acid bacteria and E. coli and the increase of bifidobacteria.

Animals ; Bacteria ; classification ; genetics ; isolation & purification ; Biodiversity ; Chicory ; chemistry ; metabolism ; Cholesterol ; metabolism ; Gastrointestinal Tract ; microbiology ; Humans ; Male ; Microbiota ; Obesity, Abdominal ; metabolism ; microbiology ; Plant Extracts ; metabolism ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; Triglycerides ; metabolism

In the present study, a risperidone loaded microsphere/sucrose acetate isobutyrate (SAIB) in situ forming complex depot was designed to reduce the burst release of SAIB in situ forming depot and to continuously release risperidone for a long-term period without lagime. The model drug risperidone (Ris) was first encapsulated into microspheres and then the Ris-microspheres were embedded into SAIB depot to reduce the amount of dissolved drug in the depot. The effects of different types of microsphere matrix, including chitosan and poly(lactide-coglycolide) (PLGA), matrix/Ris ratios in microspheres and morphology of microspheres on the drug release behavior of complex depot were investigated. In comparison with the Ris-loaded SAIB depot (Ris-SAIB), the complex depot containing chitosan microspheres (in which chitosan/Ris = 1 : 1, w/w) (Ris-Cm-SAIB) decreased the burst release from 12.16% to 5.80%. However, increased drug release rate after 4 days was observed in Ris-Cm-SAIB, which was caused by the high penetration of the medium to Ris-Cm-SAIB due to the hydrophilie of chitosan. By encapsulation of risperidone in PLGA microspheres, most drugs can be prevented from dissolving in the depot and meanwhile the hydrophobic PLGA can reduce the media penetration effect on the depot. The complex depot containing PLGA microspheres (in which PLGA/ drug=4 : 2, w/w) (Ris-Pm-SAIB) showed a significant effectiveness on reducing the burst release both in vitro and in vivo whereby only 0.64% drug was released on the first day in vitro and a low AUC0-4d value [(105.2± 24.4) ng.mL-1.d] was detected over the first 4 days in vivo. In addition, drug release from Ris-Pm-SAIB can be modified by varying the morphology of microspheres. The porous PLGA microspheres could be prepared by adding medium chain triglyceride (MCT) in the organic phase which served as pore agents during the preparation of PLGA microspheres. The complex depot containing porous PLGA microspheres (which were prepared by co-encapsulation of 20% MCT) (Ris-PPm-SAIB) exhibited a slightly increased AUC0-4d of (194.6±15.8) ng.mL-1d and high plasma concentration levels from 4 to 78 days [Cs(4-78d)=(7.8±1.2) ng.mL-1]. The plasma concentration on 78 day C78d was (9.0 2.5) ng.mL-1 which was higher than that of Ris-Pm-SAIB [C78d= (1.6 ± 0.6) ng.mL-1]. In comparison with Ris-Pm-SAIB, the AUC4-78d of Ris-PPm-SAIB increased from (379.0±114.3) ng.mL-1.d to (465.0 ±149.2) ng.mL-1.d, indicating sufficient drug release from the Ris-PPm-SAIB. These results demonstrate that the risperidone loaded porous PLGA microsphere/SAIB in situ forming complex depot could not only efficiently reduce the burst release of SAIB depot both in vitro and in vivo, but also release the drug sufficiently in vivo, and be capable to continuously release the drug for 78 days.
Chitosan ; Drug Carriers ; Lactic Acid ; Microspheres ; Polyglycolic Acid ; Risperidone ; chemistry ; Sucrose ; analogs & derivatives ; Technology, Pharmaceutical

Objective To prospectively compare MR pulmonary perfusion imaging with quantitative HRCT for the detection of mild chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and classification of COPD.Methods Sixty-two consecutive patients with COPD and 17 healthy volunteers underwent pulmonary function test (PFT),HRCT and MR perfusion imaging on the same day.According to the Global Initiative for Chronic Obstructive Lung Disease (GOLD),all COPD patients were classified into 4 stages:stage Ⅰ (n =19),stage Ⅱ (n =17),stage Ⅲ (n =14),stage Ⅳ (n =12).The signal intensity of perfusion defects (SIPD),signal intensity of normal lung perfusion (SInormal) on 3D MR perfusion were obtained through postprocessing and the signal intensity ratio (RSI) was calculated.The total lung volume (TLV) was calculated automatically on HRCT and the total emphysema volume (TEV) was obtained by applying -950 HU thresholds.The TEV/TLV was deduced as emphysema index (EI).Several comparisons were made between the volunteers and COPD patients by one-way ANOVA and Kruskal-Wallis test.Results The RSI,SIPD,PEI,MSI,MSD values of MRI perfusion in volunteers (43.9 ± 7.2,48.2 ± 19.7,31.4,55.7,44.1) were significantly different from those in patients with COPD (18.1 ± 8.1,47.4 ± 20.0,8.6,30.2,22.7) (P ＜ 0.01).The RSI showed a significant difference between stage Ⅰ (24.4 ± 9.8) and stage Ⅲ (15.9 ± 5.3) or Ⅳ (9.2 ± 2.7) and between stage Ⅱ (19.9 ± 3.1) and stage Ⅳ (t =4.05-6.64,P ＜0.01).However,all MRI perfusion parameters between stage Ⅰ and stage Ⅱ,stage Ⅱ and stage Ⅲ,stage Ⅲ and stage Ⅳ were no differences (t =2.00-4.46,P ＞ 0.05).The median of EI in volunteers and stage Ⅰ-Ⅳ COPD patients were 1.2,3.8,8.0,13.7,18.3,and the quartile range were 3.7,7.1,9.2,10.5,7.7,respectively.The EI in volunteers showed significant differences with that of stage Ⅱ-Ⅳ COPD and the EI of stage Ⅳ was different from that of stage Ⅱ or Ⅰ (t =-7.32--1.85,P ＜ 0.01),but there was no significant difference between volunteers and stage Ⅰ COPD (t =-1.99,P ＞ 0.05).Conclusions The RSI of MRI is more sensitive than that of HRCT for assessing mild COPD.The severity of COPD could be reflected by MRI perfusion and HRCT.