Acute Coronary Syndrome ; blood ; Aged ; Cell Membrane ; metabolism ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Thromboplastin ; metabolism

Objective:The time-dependent changes of hypoxia-inducible factor-1? (HIF-1?) expression induced by CoCl_(2 ) treatment and the effects of genistein on the level of HIF-1? expression in human retinal pigment epithelium cells were studied. Methods:Using a confocal scanning laser microscope coupled to a computer, HIF-1? expression was determined. Results:CoCl_(2 ) treatment could significantly elevate the level of HIF-1? expression. At 0.5 hour after CoCl_(2 ) treatment, the highest level was observed. Genistein 50 ?mol/L, 100 ?mol/L, 200 ?mol/L could suppress HIF-1? expression in a concentration-dependent manner. Conclusions:These results suggested that genistein could inhibit HIF-1? expression induced by CoCl_(2).

Oleanolic acid-precipitated calcium carbonate solid dispersion was prepared by using solvent evaporation method. The microscopic structure and physicochemical properties of solid dispersion were analyzed using differential scanning calorimetry and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). And its in vitro release also was investigated. The properties of the precipitated calcium carbonate was studied which was as a carrier of oleanolic acid solid dispersion. Differential scanning calorimetry analysis suggested that oleanolic acid may be present in solid dispersion as amorphous substance. The in vitro release determination results of oleanolic acid-precipitated calcium carbonate (1: 5) solid dispersion showed accumulated dissolution rate of.oleanolic acid was up to 90% at 45 min. Accelerating experiment showed that content and in vitro dissolution of oleanolic acid solid dispersion did not change after storing over 6 months. The results indicated that in vitro dissolution of oleanolic acid was improved greatly by the solid dispersion with precipitated calcium carbonate as a carrier. The solid dispersion is a stabilizing system which has actual applied value.
Calcium Carbonate ; chemistry ; Calorimetry, Differential Scanning ; Chemistry, Pharmaceutical ; Drug Carriers ; chemistry ; Drug Stability ; Microscopy, Electron, Scanning ; Oleanolic Acid ; chemistry ; Plant Extracts ; chemistry ; Solubility

NSP4, as the diarrhea-related protein of rotavirus, is becoming an attractive candidate for vaccine development. To compare the immunogenicity of NSP4 from different genetic groups, we constructed eukaryotic expression plasmids comprising the NSP4 genes from four different genetic types using the pCI vector. The recombinant vectors were designated as pCI-97B6, pCI-97S36, pCI-97S34 and pCI-97SZ8, respectively. Following the conformation of the transient expression of the constructs in 293 cells, the plasmids were respectively subjected to the 5 round i. m. inoculation of BALB/c mice. The specific antibodies against NSP4 as well as the IgG1/IgG2a subclasses of immunoglobulin in mice sera were examined with indirect ELJSA after each immunization. The results showed that the immunization of plasmids expression NSP4s could elicit not only humoral but also cellular immunity, but the humoral immune response is dominant. There is a difference of immunogenecity among the NSP4 of different genetic type. Further studies were needed to focus on the relationship between the immunogenicity and protection effect.

Objective To demonstrate the diffusion tensor imaging(DTI)characteristics of multiple sclerosis(MS)plaques,periplaque white matter regions and normal appearing white matter (NAWM)regions in patients with MS,and to evaluate the clinical values of DTI and three-dimensional brain fiber tracking for the diagnosis of MS.Methods Conventional MRI and DTI were performed in 32 patients with MS and 32 age-matched control subjects.Fractional anisotropy(FA)and apparent diffusion coefficient(ADC)maps were generated and coregistered with T_2-weighted MR images,FA and ADC values were calculated in regions of interest in plaques,periplaque white matter regions,NAWM regions and white matter regions in control subjects.And three-dimensional brain fiber tracking maps were generated by using the DTI.Results TheADCwas(1.233?0.119)?10~(-3)mm~2/s in MS plaques,(0.973?0.098)?10~(-3) mm~2/s in periplaque white matter regions,(0.748?0.089)?10~(-3)mm~2/s in NAWM,and(0.620? 0.094)?10~(-3)mm~2/s in control subjects.The FA was 0.225?0.052 in MS plaques,0.311?0.050 in perip]aque white matter regions,0.421?0.070 in NAWM,and 0.476?0.069 in control subjects. Significant differences in FA and ADC values were observed among all white matter regions(P

The formulation for sustained release tablet of Epinedium component was selected and the evaluation equation of in vitro release was established. The liquidity of component was improved with the help of colloidal silica aided by spray drying, which would be the main drug in the sustained release tablets. Dissolution was selected as an evaluation index to investigate skeletal material type, fillers, impact porogen, lubricants and other materials on the quality of sustained release tablet. The sustained release tablets were prepared by dry compression. Formulation of sustained release preparations was main drug 35%, HPMC K(4M) 20% and HPMC K(15M) 10% as skeleton material, MCC 31% as filler, PEG6000 2% as porogen and magnesium stearate 2% as lubricant. The sustained release tablets released up to 80% in 8 h. The zero order equation, primary equation and Higuchi equation could simulate the release characteristics of sustained release tablets in vitro, the correlation coefficients r were larger than 0.96. The primary equation was most similar in vitro release characteristics and its correlation coefficient r was 0.9950. The preparation method is simple and the results of formulation selection are reliable. It can be used to guide the production of Epimedium component sustained release preparations.
Chemistry, Pharmaceutical ; methods ; Delayed-Action Preparations ; chemistry ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; chemistry ; Epimedium ; chemistry ; Kinetics ; Tablets ; chemistry

OBJECTIVETo analysis deacclimatization symptom scores of 159 youth from Karakoram and Tibet Ali area, and provide the basis for the development of relevant prevention and control measures.

METHODSUsing the method of epidemiological symptoms questionnaire, 18 symptoms of 190 youth who returned to the plain area from the different plateau were investigated. The symptom scores of different altitude, age, the time of staying, different units, continuous or intermittent stage and education were surveyed.

RESULTSDeacclimatization symptom scores among 5,000 meter groups were significantly higher than those of 4,300 meter and 3,700 meter group (P < 0.05, P < 0.01). There was no significant difference between the 4,300 meter group and the 3,700 meter group (P > 0.05). There were significant differences among the stayed personnel (different age, position, unit, education, time, continuous or intermittent) (P < 0.01). There was significant difference between the continuous defended the group and intermittent group (P < 0.01).

CONCLUSIONDeacclimatization symptom scores were related to the plateau exposure time, altitude, workload, plateau continued exposure. The older, the longer exposure, the higher altitude, the greater workload at plateau were showed higher deacclimatization symptom score.

Acclimatization ; Altitude ; Altitude Sickness ; physiopathology ; Humans ; Surveys and Questionnaires ; Tibet

To evaluate the properties of solidifying volatile oil with graphene oxide, clove oil and zedoary turmeric oil were solidified by graphene oxide. The amount of graphene oxide was optimized with the eugenol yield and curcumol yield as criteria. Curing powder was characterized by differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The effects of graphene oxide on dissolution in vitro and thermal stability of active components were studied. The optimum solidification ratio of graphene oxide to volatile oil was 1:1. Dissolution rate of active components had rare influence while their thermal stability improved after volatile oil was solidified. Solidifying herbal volatile oil with graphene oxide deserves further study.
Calorimetry, Differential Scanning ; Clove Oil ; chemistry ; Curcuma ; chemistry ; Eugenol ; Graphite ; chemistry ; Microscopy, Electron, Scanning ; Oils, Volatile ; chemistry ; Oxides ; chemistry ; Plant Extracts ; chemistry ; Powders ; Sesquiterpenes

OBJECTIVETo study the numbers and locations of spermatic veins, testicular arteries, and lymphatic vessels in the spermatic cord of the varicocele patient under the laparoscope.

METHODSFifty-seven varicocele patients received laparoscopic ligation of spermatic veins, during which we recorded the numbers and observed the locations of spermatic veins, testicular arteries, and spermatic lymphatic vessels.

RESULTSDuring the surgery, we identified 3.3 ± 1.2 spermatic veins, 1.4 ± 0.9 testicular arteries, and 4.3 ± 1.1 spermatic lymphatic vessels. No statistically significant differences were observed between the two side in the numbers of the spermatic veins, testicular arteries and spermatic lymphatic vessels (P > 0.05). The testicular arteries were seen on the exterior of the spermatic veins and winding around them, while the spermatic lymphatic vessels mostly between the veins.

CONCLUSIONThe spermatic veins, testicular arteries, and lymphatic vessels in the spermatic cord of the varicocele patient have their specific anatomic characteristics. Laparoscopic identification of these vessels may contribute to the surgical treatment of varicocele.

Arteries ; anatomy & histology ; Humans ; Laparoscopy ; Ligation ; Male ; Spermatic Cord ; anatomy & histology ; Testis ; Varicocele ; pathology ; Veins ; anatomy & histology

In order to evaluate the characteristic of porous starch (PS) as the solid dispersions carrier of the total Epimedium flavonoids (TEF), the PS was used. The dissolution of icariin was selected as an indicator to analyze the differences of dissolution between TEF and its solid dispersion. TEF was characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and X-ray powder diffraction (XRD). Solid dispersion was irregular block and no powder characteristics of TEF and PS could be seen in SEM, DSC and XRD analysis suggested that TEF may be present in solid dispersion as amorphous substance. The dissolution rate of icariin has been improved significantly when the proportion of TEF and PS was 1:2. PS as a traditional solid dispersion carrier is worthy of further study.
Calorimetry, Differential Scanning ; Chemistry, Pharmaceutical ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; chemistry ; Epimedium ; chemistry ; Flavonoids ; chemistry ; Porosity ; Solubility ; Starch ; chemistry ; X-Ray Diffraction