Objective To study the epidemiologic features of functional bowel disorders (FBD)among medical students and science and engineering students in Zhejiang province,China,and to explore the relationship between psychological factors and FBD.Methods This study was a survey of random sampling based on the Rome Ⅲ Diagnostic Questionnaire ( Rome Ⅲ -DQ) conducted from November 2010 to March 2011.The survey was carried out among medical students and science and engineering students respectively in two universities in Zhejiang province.Symptom Check List 90 ( SCL-90 ) was used for psychological analysis.Results Among 1870 participants,1033 were diagnosed as FBD based on Rome Ⅲ criteria,with an overall incidence of 55.24％.The majority cases were unspecified functional bowel disorder,with an incidence of 26.58％ (497/1870),others were functional constipation 16.95％(317/1870),irritable bowel syndrome 6.90％ ( 129/1870),functional bloating 4.12％ (77/1870) and functional diarrhea 0.70％ (13/1870).The prevalence varied in different genders,majors and grades.In the multivariate analysis,women had a higher risk of any FBD than men [ 68.33％ (617/903) vs 43.02％(416/967) ] except for functional diarrhea; and medical students had a higher risk of any FBD than science and engineering students [ 68.53％ ( 734/1071 ) vs 37.42％ ( 299/799 ) ].Generally higher grade undergraduates had relatively higher risks than lower grade students,especially in medical students.Among the participants with FBD,44.05％ (455/1033) had other functional gastrointestinal disorders.In those overlapped parts,9.00％ ( 93/1033 ) had belching disorders,and 8.23％ ( 85/1033 ) had functional dyspepsia.Students with FBD got higher scores in SCL-90 than healthy students.Conclusions This study revealed a high rate of FBD among college students in Zhejiang province.The prevalence varied in different majors,and female higher than male.Psychological factors also had close relationships with FBD.

Objective To investigate the prevalence of functional dyspepsia (FD) and its relationship with psychological factors in college students of Zhejiang Province. Methods The students of two colleges in Zhejiang Province were selected.The multi-stage stratified random cluster sampling method was conducted.The Rome Ⅲ adult FD diagnosis questionnaire (ROME Ⅲ-DQ) and psychological symptoms self rating scale questionnaire (SCL-90) was applied in the investigation.The data were analyzed by x2 test and t test.Results A total of 1870 college students of Zhejiang Province were surveyed.The prevalence of FD was 5.78％.The prevalence in female was higher than that in male (7.53 ％ vs 4.14 ％,x2 =9.884,P＜0.05).The prevalence in senior students was highest in all grade (x2 =13.83,P＜0.05).In FD subtypes,postprandial distress syndrome was more than epigastric pain syndrome.The functional constipation and functional defecation disorders were most common in the overlap with other functional gastrointestinal disorders. In SCL-90 questionnaire survey,the scores of each factor of FD group were higher than those of the healthy control group.Conclusions The prevalence of FD was high in the college students of Zhejiang Province. The incidence was correlated with psychological factors.

OBJECTIVETo explore the therapeutic effects of amiodarone and metoprolol, either alone or in combination, on chronic heart failure (CHF) complicated by ventricular arrhythmia.

METHODSA total of 110 NYHA class II-III patients with CHF complicated by ventricular arrhythmia were randomly divided into amiodarone group, metoprolol group and amiodarone + metoprolol group. The therapeutic effects was evaluated at the end of the 1-year follow-up.

RESULTSAmiodarone, metoprolol and their combination produced statistically different therapeutic effects (P<0.05). Compared with amiodarone and metoprolol used alone, amiodarone combined with metoprolol resulted in significant cardiac function improvement (P<0.05) and ventricular arrhythmia control (P<0.01). During the 1-year follow-up, the readmission rate and cardiac event rate in the amiodarone + metoprolol group were significantly lower than those in amiodarone group (P<0.01) and metoprolol group (P<0.05). The adverse reaction rates in the 3 groups were similar (P>0.05).

CONCLUSIONThe combination of amiodarone and metoprolol produces better effect than amiodarone or metoprolol alone in the treatment of CHF complicated by ventricular arrhythmia.

Adrenergic beta-Antagonists ; therapeutic use ; Adult ; Amiodarone ; therapeutic use ; Anti-Arrhythmia Agents ; therapeutic use ; Chronic Disease ; Drug Therapy, Combination ; Female ; Heart Failure ; complications ; drug therapy ; physiopathology ; Humans ; Male ; Metoprolol ; therapeutic use ; Tachycardia, Ventricular ; drug therapy ; etiology ; physiopathology ; Treatment Outcome ; Ventricular Premature Complexes ; drug therapy ; etiology

· AIM: To report a rare case of mesenchymalchondrosarcoma in the orbit and to explore its clinicmanifestations, pathologic characters, management andprognosis. · METHODS: We report a case of mesenchymalchondrosarcoma of the orbit. The clinical materials,including ophthalmological examination, computed tomo-graphy scan of the orbit, histopathology and immunohis-tochemistry of the biopsy specimen was reported, and itspertinent literatures were reviewed.· RESULTS: A 36-year-old female was seen with proptosisand decreased vision. Histopathology demonstrated anadmixture of undifferentiated mesenchymal cells andislands of mature hyaline cartilage. Immunohistochemicalstudies revealed positivity for vimentin and S-100, whichwas consistent with the diagnosis of mesenchymalchondrosarcoma.· CONCLUSION: Mesenchymal chondrosarcoma in theorbit is extremely rare malignant tumor. Multi-modalitytreatments (surgery, chemotherapy and radiotherapy)may lead to long-term survival.

· AIM: To investigate whether heat shock protein 27 (HSP27) is induced in retinal ganglion cells (RGCs) in experimental rat glaucoma and whether the induction of HSP27 by intraocular pressure (IOP) elevation can increase serum autoantibody to HSP27 in the model.IOP elevation、Sham and normal groups by SPSS12.0. IOP was raised by electrocoagulating at least 3 episcleral veins and limbal veins on the right eye of each rat in IOP elevation group and its contralateral eye was used as controls. Immunohistochemical staining for HSP27 was performed in RGCs and retinal nerve fiber layer (RNFL) and serum immunoreactivity against HSP27 was detected by means of enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) in three groups.RNFL of the eyes with IOP elevation, while it was expressed weakly in untreated control eyes. Compared with sham and normal groups, serum autoantibody to HSP27 was slightly high at 1wk (P ＞0.05) and significantly increased at 2, 3, 4 and 8wk (P＜0.05) in IOP elevation group.enhanced expression of the endogenous HSP27 might play an important role in glaucomatous optic neuropathy.

AIM: To study the experimental method of inducing the chronic intraocular hypertension in rat eyes.METHODS: Twenty Wistar rats were randomly divided into ocular hypertension and Sham control groups. Intraocular pressure (IOP) was raised by electrocoagulating at least 3 episcleral and limbal veins on the right eye of each rat in ocular hypertension group and its contralateral eye was used as control. At 1, 2, 3, 4 and 8wk after the electrocoagulation of the veins, IOP were measured. RESULTS: The treatment of electrocoagulation caused a significant IOP increase of the right eyes over the baseline, over the contralateral eyes, and over the sham control eyes (repeated measures ANOVA, P＜0.001). At 1wk,IOP was (30.12± 5.L8 ) mmHg (1kPa=7.5mmHg), and maintained the high IOP up to 8wk.CONCLUSION: The chronic intraocular hypertension model could be successfully created by electrocoagulating three or more episcleral and limbal veins.

Objective To explore the application value of 64-slice spiral CT cardiac enhancement scanning in the morphological as-sessment of left atrial appendage(LAA).Methods Patients were selected retrospectively between April 16,2013 and May 1,2013, including 142 patients with sinus rhythms underwent MDCT coronary angiography,25 patients with atrial fibrillation underwent MDCT pulmonary vein-left atrial angiography.All images were post-processed,datas were measured and the morphology of left at-rial appendage were classified into different types.Results 167 patients were enrolled,including 88 males and 79 femals,age 53.7± 8.9 years.Anatomical relationship of the orifice of left atrial appendage to left superior pulmonary vein(LSPV)were classified as high type (superior to LSPV,2.4%),middle type(parallel to LSPV,86.2%),low type(inferior to LSPV,11.4%).LAA orifice could be classified into three types including oval(162,97%),round-like(3,1.8%)and drop-like(2,1.2%).LAA morphology could be classified in four types including Cauliflower(35,21%),Windsock(41,24.6%),Cactus(7,4.2%),Chicken-wing(84, 50.3%).Patients with atrial fibrillation have a larger LAA volume than who with sinus rhythm.Conclusion 64-slice spiral CT car-diac enhancement scanning can provide a vivid and intuitive reference to the anatomy of LAA and its adjacent structures,and it can also provide quantitative evaluation of LAA anatomical parameters,so it may have a nice significance in the direction of LAA occlu-sion.

OBJECTIVETo evaluate the safety and efficacy of the united intraoperative (125)I seed implantation as a treatment option for thoracic advanced esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC).

METHODSFrom January 2000 to August 2004, according to preoperative CT staging criteria, 298 patients in phase II to III of ESCC had been enrolled in this prospective study. With informed consent, they were randomized into two groups: intraoperative (125)I seed implantation (group A) and surgery alone (group B). With 0.5 mCi of single seed, total activity in 10 to 30 mCi, matched peripheral dose in 60 to 70 Gy, 20 to 40 (125)I seeds were implanted into the target under direct vision in accordance with treatment planning system. The post-operative complications were observed. The validation and quality assessment of radioactive seeds were demonstrated according to CT scan or X imaging. The short-term efficacy was evaluated according to WHO criteria. The 1-, 3-, 5-, and 7-year survival rate were followed up.

RESULTSOn the close date of August 31st 2008, the satisfied quality assessment of (125)I seeds was observed. There was no displacement or loss of seed. The local recurrence rates in the group A and group B were 14.9% and 38.7%, respectively, which were statistically significant (P < 0.05). The complete response and partial response rate in the group A was 78.8%. It was significantly higher than 30.3% in the group B (P < 0.05). There was no statistical difference among groups when comparing the complications (P > 0.05). The 1-year survival rates were no statistical difference among the two groups. However, the 3-, 5-, and 7-year survival rates in group A (64.0%, 42.7%, and 25.1%) were statistically different from that in the B group (52.0%, 34.5%, and 12.6%) (P < 0.05).

CONCLUSIONSIt is safe, effective and simple application about the intraoperative (125)I seed implantation for advanced ESCC. It may reduce the local recurrence rate and improve survival.

Adult ; Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Brachytherapy ; Carcinoma, Squamous Cell ; radiotherapy ; surgery ; Esophageal Neoplasms ; radiotherapy ; surgery ; Female ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Intraoperative Care ; Iodine Radioisotopes ; administration & dosage ; therapeutic use ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Prospective Studies ; Treatment Outcome

Objective To assess the safety and efficacy of balloon dilation of pulmonary valve stenosis with 10 F domestic balloon catheter in children ≥ 10 kg. Methods From May 2009 to June 2014, eighty-three consecutive children with weight ≥ 10 kg and age of (4.5±2.8)(ranged from 1-12) years underwent percutaneous balloon pulmonary valvoloplasty(PBPV) with 10 F domestic balloon catheter. Indication for treatment, procedural details, catheterization data, complication rate, peak-to-peak systolic gradient across the valve and pulmonary insufficiency on echocardiography were respectively analyzed. Forty-four patients were followed up 6-44 months after procedure. Results All procedures were completed successfully. The peak-to-peak systolic gradient across the pulmonary valve decreased from (67.7±26.2) mmHg to (15.4±11.6) mmHg (P < 0.01) immediately after PBPV. Two patients developed reactive infundibular spasm after dilation. They were relieved at 6 months post PBPV. No patient had severe pulmonary insufficiency, tricuspid regurgitation or reintervetion. Conclusions PBPV with 10 F domestic balloon catheter in children with weight≥10 kg is a safe and effective method.

Objective To evaluate the effectiveness of MSCT in the diagnosis of superior sinus venosus atrial septal defect.Methods The MSCT features of superior sinus venosus atrial septal defect in twenty cases were evaluated retrospectively.The following data were recorded:the size and location of sinus venosus atrial septal defect,the anatomy of pulmonary vein,including number of anomalously draining pulmonary veins and their site of drainage,and associated anomalies.Results In all patients,the superior sinus venosus atrial septal defect locates in the extraseptal wall,which normally separates the right upper pulmonary vein from superior vena cava(SVC).And anomalous connection of right upper pulmonary venous and SVC was identified in all the patients.The mean value of the defect diameter was ( 17.1±5.8) mm.Left superior vena cava was identified in 3 patients.In an elderly patient,left anterior descending branch of coronary artery presented significant stenosis.And in another elderly patient with large atrial septal defect,severe pulmonary hypertension was identified by cardiac catheterization.MSCT findings of superior sinus venosus atrial septal defect in 6 cases were finally confirmed by surgical operation.Conclusions Contrastenhanced MSCT was a useful technique for the diagnosis of superior sinus venosus atrial septal defect,which accurately displayed the anatomical characteristics of the associated malformations for preoperative evaluation.