Objective To investigate the effect of jejunal infusion of amino acids on secretion of gastrointestinal hormone in healthy dogs.Methods Six healthy adult dogs were treated with jejunal fistulas and femoral vein intubation.Twenty-four hours after the operation,solution of 8 different amino acid monomers (experimental group) or normal saline (control group) were infused into the jejunum of the dogs every 24hours.The levels of cholecystokinin (CCK),motilin,and gastrin in the peripheral plasma were measured using radioimmunoassay at the start of infusion (0 minute),and 30,60,90,and 120 minutes after infusion.Results Compared with the control group,the serum CCK level in the phenylalanine group was significantly higher 30 and 60 minutes after infusion [(1.25 ±0.19) ng/L vs.(0.66 ±0.14) ng/L,(1.23 ±0.12) ng/L vs.(0.80 ± 0.03) ng/L,both P ＜ 0.01],while that in the tryptophan group was significantly higher 30 minutes after infusion [(1.08 ±0.26) ng/L vs.(0.66 ±0.14) rig/L,P ＜0.01].The other measurement results showed no statistically significant differences.Conclusions Jejunal infusion of phenylalanine or tryptophan may stimulate the secretion of gastrointestinal hormone to some extent.Aromatic amino acids (phenylalanine and tryptophan) is more potent in triggering the release of CCK than aliphatic (leucine,isoleucine,and methionine) and charged amino acids (aspartic acid,arginine,and glutamate).The mechanism may be related to the properties of the amino acids.

To introduce the application of Stata software to heterogeneity test in meta-analysis.A data set was set up according to the example in the study,and the corresponding commands of the methods in Stata 9 software were applied to test the example.The methods used were Q-test and Ⅰ2statistic attached to the fixed effect model forest plot,H statistic and Galbraith plot.The existence of the heterogeneity among studies could he detected hy Q-test and H statistic and the degree of the heterogeneity could be detected by,Ⅰ2 statistic.The outliers which were the sources of the heterogeneity could be spotted from the Galbraith plot.Heterogeneity test in Meta-analysis can be completed by the four methods in Stata software simply and quickly.H and Ⅰ2 statistics are more robust,and the outliers of the heterogeneity can be clearly seen in the Galbraith plot among the four methods.

Adult ; Benzene ; toxicity ; Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid ; Humans ; Occupational Exposure ; Reference Values ; Sorbic Acid ; analogs & derivatives ; analysis

Objective To investigate the meaning of expression of apoptosis related molecules NFKBp65 and p53 and GPX1-mRNA in patients with Keshan disease(KSD).Methods Sixteen chronic Keshan Disease patients were enrolled in KSD group according to electrocardiogram,chest X ray film and clinical examinations on 15,September in 2009,and 23 healthy people were included in control group from physical examination taken in The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University.Fresh blood(5 ml)was collected from antecubital vein of all subjects in the fasting state.Total mRNA and protein of blood sample were isolated using Trizol.GPX Assay Kit was used to detect GPX enzyme activity,and GPX1-mRNA expression was determined by SYBR Real-Time PCR.Meanwhile,expression of apoptosis related molecules NFKBp65 and p53 were determined by Western blot.Results GPX enzyme activity decreased significantly in KSD group[(108.61±14.10)U]compared with control group[(122.78±11.89)U,t=2.874,P<0.05],GPX1-mRNA level of KSD group(0.553±0.299)notably KSD group(0.802±0.057)compared with control group[(1.065±0.355),t=6.829,P<0.01].p53 increased in KSD group(1.604±0.191)compared with control group[(1.137±0.186),t=3.033,P<0.05].Conclusiom Decreased GPX1-mRNA expression may result in lower GPX enzyme activity of patients with KSD.Thus oxidative damage increases and cadioeyte apoptosis is activated by activating apoptosis signal pathway.

Objective To investigate the association of B?-fibrinogen gene-455G/A polymorphism and plasma fibrinogen levels with Henoch-Schoenlein purpura(HSP) in children.Methods Sixty-seven children(including 40 boys and 27 girls) with HSP were served as HSP group,age ranging from 5-14 years,with the average age of 9 years.Seventy healthy controls(including 37 boys and 33 girls) were served as healthy controls.Age ranging from 5-13 years,with the average age of 9 years.The B?-fibrinogen gene-455G/A polymorphism was detected in all subjects by polymerase chain reaction-restrictive fragment length polymorphism technique with restrictive enzyme HaeⅢ.Results There were a greater proportion of individuals with the AA,GA,GG genotype in the HSP group comparied with those of the healthy controls(?2=29.5 P0.05].Conclusions The B?-fibrinogen gene-455G/A mutation is correlated with HSP in children,A allele is susceptibility gene of HSP in children.The plasma fibrinogen level is related to HSP in children.

OBJECTIVETo compare the clinical efficacy differences between acupoint catgut embedding and Kuntai capsule for perimenopausal syndrome, so as to provide an effective treatment method for perimenopausal syndrome.

METHODSThirty-three cases in the embedding group were treated with acupoint catgut embedding at back-shu points and front-mu points of liver, spleen and kidney combined with syndrome differentiation and disease differentiation, ten days per times; the Kuntai group was treated with oral administration of Kuntai capsule, 4 capsules each time, three times per day. The Kupperman index (KI) was observed in the two groups before treatment after 10 days, 30 days and 60 days of treatment, respectively; the efficacy was evaluated according to the ratio of KI.

RESULTSAfter the treatment, as treatment proceeded, the score of KI and ratio of KI were gradually reduced in two groups; the score of KI and ratio of KI in the embedding group after 10 days of treatment was lower than those in the Kuntai group (both P<0.05); after 10 days of treatment, the total effective rate was 36.4% (12/33) in the embedding group, which was superior to 3.0% (1/33) in the Kuntai group (P<0.05); however, after 30 days and 60 days of treatment, the differences of each index between two groups were not statistically significant (all P>0.05).

CONCLUSIONBoth the acupoint catgut embedding and Kuntai capsule could reduce the score of KI and improve clinical symptoms, and the acupoint catgut embedding has certain advantage on the early stage of treatment.

Acupuncture Points ; Acupuncture Therapy ; instrumentation ; Adult ; Catgut ; Female ; Humans ; Middle Aged ; Perimenopause ; physiology ; Treatment Outcome

AlM:To explore the effective method for the treatment of complicated ocular trauma accompanied with cyclodialysis.METHODS: Sixty - eight cases of complexity ocular trauma with cyclodialysis in different degrees were undergone vitrectomy and ( or ) combined with ciliary body reduction.RESULTS:All patients were followed up for 10 ~36mo (mean 17. 0±5. 7mo). The postoperative visual acuity was better than that of preoperation (P<0. 05). Compared with preoperative, intraocular pressure was significantly increased ( P < 0. 05 ). Successful rate of ciliary body restoration was 91%. CONCLUSlON: For the complicated ocular trauma accompaniedwith cyclodialysis, vitrectomy and ( or ) ciliary body reduction is an effective treatment method.

Objective To evaluate the effectiveness of suberselective uterine arterial embolization for uterine fibroids.Methods Uterine arterial embolization with golyvimylalcohol(PVA) particles or Iodized oil and Gelfoam or Pingyangmycin lipiodol and Gelfoam was performed in 182 patients with uterine fibroids.Results Bilateral and unilateral superselective uterine arterial embolization were performed in 173 cases and 9 cases respectively. 6～28 months (mean 11 months) after the procedure, complete disappearance of tumor(16 cases), an average shinkage of 67% in tumor volume(152 cases) and a mean 42% reduction of uterine volume were obtained in 168 followed-up cases. The clinical symptoms were relieved significantly.The main side effets were hypogastic pain(135/182).Conclusion Superselection uterine arterial embolization is an effective and microinvasive method in treating uterine fibroids.

OBJECTIVETo evaluate distribution and influence factors of logic memory (LM) modified in assessing and scoring method in normal population and Alzheimer's disease (AD) patients, and definite the cut-off point of the modified scale.

METHODSTotally 183 AD patients, including 118 mild and 65 moderate in degree, 1,417 controls, including 1,283 normal individuals and 134 individuals suffered from other diseases, were recruited in this study. Modified LM was conducted.

RESULTSEducational level (F=354.36, STB=0.46, P=0.0001) was the most obvious factor in demographic data to influence total score in normal control group by a fitting of multiple regression models. The total score increased with the rising of educational level in normal controls (P=0.0001) and other diseases controls (P=0.0001), but not in AD cases (P=0.1365). The total scores were significantly different among normal controls (20.2 +/- 0.2), other diseases controls (17.5 +/- 0.5), mild AD patients (9.6 +/- 0.5) and moderate AD patients (7.1 +/- 0.7) (P=0.0001, P=0.0059), after adjusted educational level, age, sex and rural/urban status by multiple analysis covariance. The sensitivity of cut-off points using modified methods to diagnose AD reasonably increased to 71.98%, while the specificity was 94.11%. According to the sum of long-delayed recall and long-delayed recognition, the sensitivity increased with the rising of educational levels. For education levels at illiteracy, elementary school, junior middle school, senior middle school and above senior middle school, the cut-off points for total score of modified method were 6.5, 9.5, 10.8, 13 and 15.8, respectively, and for sum of long-delayed recall and long-delayed recognition the cut-off points were 5, 6, 8, 9, 10.

CONCLUSIONSWhen modified LM used as a neuropsychological assessment, it is with high specificity, high accuracy and reasonable sensitivity. It is suitable for the diagnosis of AD in early stages, especially for individuals with high educational levels.

Aged ; Alzheimer Disease ; diagnosis ; psychology ; Educational Status ; Female ; Humans ; Intelligence Tests ; Male ; Memory ; physiology ; Middle Aged ; Neuropsychological Tests ; Sensitivity and Specificity

OBJECTIVETo observe the dynamic expression of calcium-sensing receptor(CaSR) in myocardium of diabetic rats.

METHODSThirty male Wistar rats were randomly divided into 3 groups including control, diabetic-4 week and diabetic-8 week groups(n = 10). The type 2 diabetes mellitus models were established by intraperitoneal injection of streptozotocin (STZ, 30 mg/kg) after high-fat and high-sugar diet for one month. The cardiac morphology was observed by electron microscope. Western blot analyzed the expression of CaSR, phospholamban (PLN), a calcium handling regulator, and Ca+-ATPase(SERCA) in cardiac tissues.

RESULTSCompared with control group, the expressions of CaSR and SERCA were decreased, while the expression of PLN was significantly increased in a time-dependent manner in diabetic groups. Meanwhile diabetic rats displayed abnormal cardiac structure.

CONCLUSIONThese results indicate that the CaSR expression of myocardium is reduced in the progression of DCM, and its potential mechanism may be related to the imnaired intracellular calcium homeostasis.

Animals ; Calcium-Binding Proteins ; metabolism ; Diabetes Mellitus, Experimental ; complications ; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 ; Diabetic Cardiomyopathies ; metabolism ; physiopathology ; Disease Progression ; Heart ; physiopathology ; Male ; Myocardium ; metabolism ; pathology ; Rats ; Rats, Wistar ; Receptors, Calcium-Sensing ; metabolism ; Sarcoplasmic Reticulum Calcium-Transporting ATPases ; metabolism ; Streptozocin