Apolipoprotein E (ApoE) has gene polymorphism (ε2,ε3,and ε4).It has been confirmed that ApoE structural and functional abnormlities are closely associated with the hyperlipidemia,formation of atherosclerosis,and its severity,while both hyperlipidemia and atherosclerosis are the risk factors for ischemic stroke.In recent years,although the relationship between the ApoE gene polymorphism and ischemic stroke has been extensively studied,the conclusions are not consistent.This article reviews the correlation studies between the ApoE gene polymorphism and ischernic stroke.

Objective:To explore the antibacterial effect of Belamcanda Chinensis DC and Por tulaca oleracece L on P.aeruginosa (PA) in vitro.Methods:Fourty six strains PA were tested for minimum inhibition concentrati on ( MIC) by water decoct agents of the two drugs.MIC50 and MIC90 were st atistically studied.Results:For Belamcanda Chinensis DC,MIC was 31.25～3.90 g/L;MIC50 was 7 .81 g/L,and MIC90 was 15.62 g/L;whereas， for portulaca oleracece L,MIC was 31 .25～7.81 g/L, MIC50 was 15.62 g/L,and MIC90 was 31.25 g/L.Conclusion:Both of the two drugs have stronger antibacterial effects on P.ae ruginsosa in vitro.

AIM To invesigate the effect of subarachnoid transplantation of APA microcapsulized bovine chromaffin cells (BCCs) on mRNA expression for Nav1.8 in the dorsal root ganglia neurons(DRG) of rats with neuropathic pain by means of in situ hybridization. METHODS SD rats were randomly divided into four groups of five. Normal rats were used as control group (group C). Rats with right sciatic nerve been ligated were used as CCI group. Five to six hundred empty APA microcapsules(group APA) or 5?10 6 APA microcapsulized BCCs (group APA-BCCs) were grated into subarachnoid space of CCI rats 7 days after operation. Allodynia and hyperalgesia were measured by Von-Frey filaments and CO 2 laser 7 days after transplantation. DRG in lumbar four and five was taken out and 15 ?m freezing sections were made 7 days after tansplantation. Sections was used to detect mRNA expression for TTX-resistent Na + Nav1.8 by in situ hybridization with Dig-labeled RNA probe. RESULTS The mRNA hybridization signal for Nav1.8 in DRG of group CCI and group APA was lower than that of group C. The expression of mRNA for Nav1.8 in DRG was higher in group APA-BCCs than that in group CCI and group APA with abatement of allodynia and hyperalgesia. There was no difference in the mRNA hybridization signal for Nav1.8 in DRG between group APA-BCCs and group C. CONCLUSION mRNA expression for Nav1.8 in DRG of CCI ratswas down-regulated. APA microcapsulized BCCs grafting can reverse the down-regulation of mRNA expression for Nav1.8 in DRG of CCI rats. Restoration of mRNA expression for Nav1.8 in DRG contributes to the analgesic effect of subarachnoid transplantation of APA microcapsulized BCCs.

OBJECTIVETo study the anti-asthmatic effect of sodium ferulate (SF) and its mechanism in guinea pig asthmatic model.

METHODSGuinea pigs were sensitized with ovalbumin as animal asthmatic model and treated with 3 different concentration of SF for 8 days. Levels of endothelin (ET) and nitric oxide (NO) in blood and lung tissue, and eosinophil (EOS) in blood and bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BLAF) was counted at the end of trial.

RESULTSSF could significantly lower the ET content and increase the NO concentration in serum and lung tissue, reduce the number of EOS in blood and BLAF (P < 0.05, P < 0.01). Stronger effect was showed in the high dose group.

CONCLUSIONMechanism of anti-asthmatic action of SF might be to increase NO concentration, lower ET content, alleviate EOS infiltration.

Animals ; Anti-Asthmatic Agents ; pharmacology ; Asthma ; blood ; chemically induced ; Bronchoalveolar Lavage Fluid ; cytology ; Coumaric Acids ; pharmacology ; Endothelin-1 ; blood ; Eosinophils ; pathology ; Female ; Guinea Pigs ; Male ; Nitric Oxide ; blood ; Ovalbumin

OBJECTIVETo investigate the effect of different pH on rectum permeability of chlorogenic acid and geniposide.

METHODFour kinds of Reduning suppositories of different pH were separated and put into the rectum to study the suppositories in vitro and the content of chlorogenic acid and geniposide samples was determined by HPLC to calculate the permeation in 24 hours.

RESULTWith increase of pH within 2.5-7.4, the steady state flux of chlorogenic acid was increased, but the steady state flux of geniposidesamples was steady.

CONCLUSIONAdjusted the pH can increase the rectum permeability of active ingredients in Reduning auppositories.

Animals ; Chlorogenic Acid ; pharmacokinetics ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; pharmacokinetics ; Hydrogen-Ion Concentration ; Iridoids ; pharmacokinetics ; Male ; Permeability ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; Rectum ; metabolism ; Suppositories ; pharmacokinetics

Plant samples were collected and investigated periodically. According to the growth of different parts and the characteristics of dry substance accumulation of Scrophularia ningpoensis, the development of S. ningpoensis could be divided into four stages: seeding stage, stem and leaf growth stage, expanding period of root tubers, and dry substance accumulation stage of root tuber. Leaf numbers of S. ningpoensis grew gradually from one at first to 370 at the final stage, main stem leaf were 50 pieces. Leaf size increasesed with the fastest growth at the stem and leaf growth stage, average daily increase amount was 225 cm2. By the middle of August, leaf size reached to 16,270 cm2. Leaf area indexrose sharply in the seeding stage, and remained above 8 among stem and leaf growth stage and expanding period of root tubers, and rapidly reduced to zero in the stage of dry substance accumulation of root tuber. Leaf area ratio has a tendency of obvious dropping. The net assimilation rate had a small change ranges, two small peak were seeding stage and dry substance accumulation of root tuber. The value of specific leaf area was higher in seeding stage, and in the earlier stage of dry substance accumulation of root tuber. Relative growth rate changed with large ranges, higher in seeding stage, rapid decrease in stem and leaf growth stage, rose in expanding period of root tubers, and declined again in the stage of dry substance accumulation of root tuber. Crop growth rate was higher in the first and last stages, and smaller in interim stage. The growth parameters of S. ningpoensis such as relative growth rate, net assimilation rate, leaf area index, leaf area ratio, specific leaf area, crop growth rate changed along with the growth. The rule of dry matter accumulation was as follows: the dry matter increased slowly during the seeding stage and speeded up in the middle and late stages, and in dry substance accumulation of root tuber increased slower, the growth of dry matter all appeared an "S" curve, and accorded with logistic equation. Cultivation technologies of S. ningpoensis and the relevant management methods could be established according to the growth of different parts of S. ningpoensis and the characteristics of dry substance accumulation in different stage.
China ; Conservation of Natural Resources ; Plant Leaves ; growth & development ; Plant Roots ; growth & development ; Plant Stems ; growth & development ; Plant Tubers ; growth & development ; Scrophularia ; growth & development

Objective To investigate the relationship between the soluble LAIR-1(sLAIR-1)in the serum from recipients after transplant and graft rejection.Methods Serum sLAIR-1 level was determined by double mAb sandwich enzyme linked immunosorbent assay on 23 cases of liver transplantation and 139 cases of kidney transplantation.Results In healthy volunteers and 98 recipients with normal graft function,sLAIR-1 was detected at low level [(4.3±2.3)μg/L and(6.3±3.7)μg/L],with the difference being not significant.In 6 cases of liver acute rejection,20 cases of kidney acute rejection and 5 cases of graft loss,serum sLAIR-1 levels were increased remarkably at high 1evels [(47.2±25.9)μg/L,(36.3±14.7)μg/L,and(28.8±9.4)μg/L respectively]as compared with the two groups of healthy volunteers and the recipients with normal graft function,even peaked at 117.3 μg/L in one case of severe liver rejection.Meanwhile,in 5 cases of liver chronic rejection,27 cases of kidney chronic rejection and 6 cases under dialysis treatment.the levels of sLAIR-1 were(16.1±6.4)μg/L,(13.1±5.5)μg/L and(11.2±4.6)μg/L respectively,significantly higher than those of the healthy volunteers and the recipients with normal graft function.Conclusion sLAIR_1 was detected at high level in the recipients suffered graft acute or chronic rejection and might be a promising monitor of rejection after transplantation.

Objective To investigate BAALC(brain and acute leukemia cytoplasmic)gene expression in patients with de novo acute myeloid leukemia(AML)and its clinical significance. Methods BAALC expression was determined by real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction(RQ-PCR) in 63 de novo AML patients.The association between BAALC expression and therapeutic effect was analyzed.Results The correlation coefficiencies were over 0.99 for standard curves of RQ-PCR method. BAALC expression was detected in 49(78%)AML patients.The peripheral WBC counts,hemoglobin, platelet counts and the bone mahow blast cell percentage at onset in 31 AML patients with high BAALC expression were(26.3?18.1)?10~9/L,(78.3?21.8)g/L,(76.9?64.5)?10~9/L and(61.2?22.3)% and those of 32 AML patients with low BAALC expression were(30.2?21.7)?10~9/L,(81.6?30.9)g/L, (73.9?57.2)?10~9/L,(54.3?16.3)%,respectively.No statistic differences were found between these two groups.The AML patients with normal chromosome karyotypes are more likely to have a high BAALC expression(68%)compared with those with abnormal chromosome karyotypes(23%,?~2=12.093,P= 0.001).AML patients with normal cytogenetics and high BAALC expression shows significant lower CR rate (65%)compared with those with low BAALC expression(84%,?~2=6.573,P=0.013). Conclusion High BAALC expression may define an important risk factor in AML with normal cytogenetics and predicts an adverse prognosis.

Objective To explore the relationship of methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase (MTHFR)gene C677T,factor V(FV)gene G1691A and prothrombin(PT)gene G20210A polymorphisms to unexplained recurrent early spontaneous abortion(URESA).Methods One hundred and twelve patients with URESA and 100 women with at least 1 normal pregnancy and without any miscarriage were analyzed for MTHFR,FV and PT gene polymorphisms by polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism(PCR-RFLP).Results MTHFR gene T/T genotype and T allele frequencies were increased in URESA patients[38.4%(43/112)and 59.8%(134/224)]versus controls[18.0%(18/100)and 43%(43/100),P

Objective To investigate the clinical features,the radiological characteristics,and the pathological changes of cerebral sparganosis.Methods We retrospectively collectted and summarized the clinical data of 42 patients with cerebral sparganosis from the Iinstitute of Anti-parasitic Diseases of Jiangxi Province and the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University during January 2000 to January 2014.The follow-up period of the 42 patients ranged from 4 to 96 months.Results Forty-two cases (30 males and 12 females) with cerebral sparganosis were enrolled in the study.Among the 42 patients,34 cases suffered from seizures,16 cases experienced headaches,and 14 cases had limb weakness.The brain CT scan showed the small and punctuate calcifications scattering around the lesions in 18 cases.The features of enhanced MRI included aggregating ring-like enhancement in 38 cases,tunnel lesions in 14 cases,and lesion migration in 13 cases.Twenty-four of the 42 patients were performed surgery.The brain tissues revealed multiple inflammatory tunnels,in which live or degenerated larvae were identified in 20 cases,but only eosinophilia tunnels were observed in the other 4 cases.The serum and cerebro-spiral fluid specimens from 18 patients without surgery were positive to spirometra mansoni antigen.Their cerebral lesions disappeared and got a favorable prognosis after administration of praziquantel in long term follow-ups.Conclusions There is a high incidence of cerebral sparganosis in Poyang lake basin.The clinical features of cerebral sparganosis mainly include seizure,headache and hemiparesis.The enhanced lesions show knot or tunnel signs on multi-planar MRI which are associated with the multiple inflammatory tunnels of larvae migration.A longterm administration of high dose opraziquantel can also get a good treatment prognosis without the classical surgical therapy for cerebral sparganosis.