Adult ; Altitude ; Chordoma ; surgery ; Endoscopy ; Female ; Humans ; Nasal Cavity ; surgery ; Paranasal Sinuses ; surgery ; Skull Base ; surgery ; Video-Assisted Surgery

Basal Ganglia Diseases ; chemically induced ; therapy ; Child ; Humans ; Lamivudine ; adverse effects ; Male ; Palliative Care ; Reverse Transcriptase Inhibitors ; adverse effects ; Treatment Outcome

Objective To analyze the clinical features and risk factors of invasive fungal infections (IFI) in children with acute leukemia.Methods Ninety-six acute leukemia children complicated with IFI admitted in Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Center during January 2005 and February 2017 were retrospectively reviewed, and 96 cases of acute leukemia without IFI admitted at the same period were randomly selected as control group.The clinical manifestations of IFI were analyzed, multivariate Logistic regression was used to study risk factors of the complication of IFI in pediatric acute leukemia.Results Among 96 children complicated with IFI, fungus were detected in samples from sputum, bronchoalveolar lavage fluid, or blood in 78 cases, in which 42 cases (43.75％) were oral infection, 36 cases (37.50％) were pulmonary infection.Candida albicans (33.33％, 26/78) was the most commonly isolated pathogen, followed by Candida parapsilosis (20.51％, 16/78) and Candida tropicalis (20.51％, 16/78).Univariate analysis revealed hormone-containing chemotherapy, neutropenia (＜ 0.5 × 109/L), time duration of neutropenia ≥ 10 days, usage of carbapenem antibiotics and combined drug administration ≥2 types were associated with fungal infection (P ＜ 0.05 or ＜0.01).Multivariate Logistic regression showed that the time duration of neutropenia ≥ 10 days (OR =11.390, 95％ CI 4.145-55.263, P ＜ 0.01),usage of carbapenem antibiotics (OR =4.825, 95％ CI 1.681-13.842, P ＜ 0.01) and hormone-containing chemotherapy (OR =2.220, 95％ CI 1.542-8.246, P ＜ 0.05) were the independent risk factors of IFI.Conclusion Rational usage of antibiotics and effective measures taken to restore the granulocytes can help to reduce the incidence of IFI in children with acute leukemia.

10.3969/j.issn.1007-3969.2013.05.004

Toad venom is the Bufo bufo gargarizans or B. melanostictus after the ears of the gland secretion, used in the treatment of various cancers in recent years. Research shows that the main anti-tumor components in bufadienolide. Bufadienolide have free type structure and conjunct type structure. To identify and clarify the difference between bufogenin and bufotoxin contained in Bufonis Venenum, which was from B. bufo gargarizans, an UPLC-TQ-MS method has been established. UPLC-TQ-MS method was used to identify and quantify the major bufadienolides in Bufonis Venenum. UPLC-TQ-MS assay with positive ion mode was performed on a Waters ACQUITY UPLC BEH C, (2.1 mm x 100 mm, 1.7 µm) with the mobile phase consisting of 0. 1% aqueous formic and acidacetonitrile in gradient elution at a flow rate of 0.4 mL · min⁻¹ and the column temperature was set at 35 °C. By comparing their retention time and high resolution mass data of Bufonis Venenum extracts, 37 effective components were primarily identified by MS/MS analysis in positive ion mode. Twenty-six of them were free-type bufadienolides (bufogenin), 11 of them were conjugated bufadienolides. There were significant differences in the main composition between fresh and processed Bufonis Venenum. The study found that the chemical composition of toad venom through great changes after processing, conjunct type content is much less, free type content as well change.
Amphibian Venoms ; chemistry ; metabolism ; Animals ; Bufonidae ; classification ; metabolism ; Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid ; methods ; Molecular Structure ; Tandem Mass Spectrometry ; methods

Objective To study the application of a new magnetic beads made in China in DNA extraction of forensic biological samples with automation workstation.Methods DNA was extracted from common forensic biological samples by QIAGEN Bio-Robert Universal System and a new magnetic beads made in China,and then typed with Identifiler system in ABI3130XL Genetic Analyzer.210 of these samples were also quantitated by ABI7500 Real Time System.Results Total of 9100 genomic DNA was extracted from various forensic biological samples by the new magnetic beads made in China and automation workstation methods,and most of them were successfully typed for STR analysis.In these biological samples,oral swabs and muscles were of the highest Success rate of STR typing(100%),and the lowest was touched cell samples (50.0%).Conclusion The new magnetic beads made in China with automation workstation methods can be applied to DNA extraction of most forensic biological samples.

Objective To explore whether dynamic contrast-enhanced MRA (DCE MRA) can provide an effective assessment of renal vascular in living donors before transplantation.Methods Thirty five healthy living renal donor candidates were scanned on MR system before transplantation.After injection of Gd-DTPA 1 ml in vein, a test-bolus scan was used to get the time delay of Gd-DTPA reaching renal artery.Then, a 3D T1-weighted fast low-angle shot sequence (3D FLASH) was performed in the coronal plane.The 3D FLASH scan would repeat four times with an inter-phase of 10 seconds.Thus, the imaging of the renal arterial, venous and collecting systems were got.Two radiologists observed renal arteries and veins on original imaging and MIP reconstructed imaging.The quality of MR angiography was evaluated on a fivepoint scale and the vascular anatomy or variations of the arterial and venous systems were recorded, using intraoperative findings as a standard of reference.Results The quality for all MRA was good or very good for the most of living renal donors.Among 70 renals, several variations of vascular were found, including 5 left accessory artery, 9 right accessory artery, 3 left proximal arterial branch and 6 right proximal arterial branch.Among 70 renal veins, 1 right accessory veins and 2 left varieocele were observed.One small accessory artery of right kidney was missed with DCE MRA, but identified by operation.Conclusion DCE MRA was noninvasive tool for evaluation of the renal vasculature and variations with high accuracy.It would be a good modality in preoperative evaluation of living renal donors.

Objective To study if 5-Aza-2’-deoxycytidine along or together with 4-phenylbutyric acid could affect miR-196b expression levels in chronic myeloid leukemia cells .Methods K562 cells were treated with DNA methylation inhibitor 5-Aza-2’-deoxycytidine, histone deacetylase inhibitors 4-phenylbutyric acid separately and the combined treatment with both of them, then expression levels of miR-196b were detected using Real-time PCR.Results The half inhibition concentration of 4-phenylbutyric acid was 1.58mmol/L.Comparing with the expression level of miR-196b in normal human bone marrow cells, the expression levels of miR-196b were significantly lower in Aza group , PBA group and negative control cells and nearly consistent among three groups , and as high as normal cells in combined treatment group . Conclusion The expression level of miR-196b in K562 cells could not return to normal treated with 5-Aza-2 ’-deoxycytidine or 4-phenylbutyric acid separately , while could restore normal when treated with both agents , indicating that miR-196b expression level in K562 cells is related with both DNA methylation and histone acetylation .

Objective To study the application of Cell Counting Kit-8(CCK-8) in detecting the growth inhibiting effect of 5-Aza-2’-deoxycytidine on chronic myeloid leukemia cell .Methods The proliferation of K562 cells was detected by CCK-8 with different concentrations of 5-Aza-2 ’-deoxycytidine and the cell cycle and apoptosis of K 562 cells were detected after K562 treated by 50% inhibitory concentration of 5-Aza-2 ’-deoxycytidine .Results The 50% inhibitory concentration of 5-Aza-2’-deoxycytidine was 15.55nmol/L, after treated with this concentration , K562 cells showed that G2 phase arrest occurred , proliferation inhibited and apoptosis peaks appeared .Conclusion Inhibition of proliferation of K562 cells with different concentrations of 5-Aza-2’-deoxycytidine varied in a dose-dependent relationship , and 5-Aza-2’-deoxycytidine could promote apoptosis of K 562 cells.CCK-8 can be used in detecting the effect of 5-Aza-2’-deoxycytidine on chronic myeloid leukemia cells .