Objective To investigate the characteristic changes of auditory brainstem response (ABR) of nor‐mal hearing infants .Methods A total of 212 cases (327 ears) normal hearing infants were enrolled for ABR test . According to age ,167 ears was in 1~3 months age group ,105 ears was in 3~6 months age group ,55 ears was in 6~12 months age group .Each group consisted of ABR date were statistically analyzed .Results For 75 dB nHL click sound stimulus ,the peak latency and interpeak latency of Ⅲ ,Ⅴ ,Ⅰ — Ⅲ ,Ⅲ — Ⅴ ,Ⅰ — Ⅴwaves of normal hearing infants progressively shortened as they grew older except the wave Ⅰ .The ABR thresholds were in significantly difference among the groups .The amplitude ratio of wave V/I increased with the grewing age .Each group of data showed statistically significant differences .When the stimulus intensity reached at thresholds ,the occurrence rate of wave I ,III and V were different as they grew older .Conclusion Infants with auditory nervous system was in con‐stant development and improvement ,all parts of the auditory pathway of neural development was not balanced .

Objective To observe influence of retinoic acid on the lung damage and expression of Connexin26(Cx26) of neonatal rats suffered from hyperoxia.Methods Twenty-four 3-day SD rats were randomly divided into three groups:retinoic acid+ hyperoxia,hyperoxia,air group;rats in the group of hyperoxia were suffered 7 days hyperoxia (the level of oxygen was above 950 mL/L),air group was instead of air.All rats were weighed,value of radical alveolar counts(RAC) and microstructure of the lungs were observed by HE staining under light and electron microscope respectively;and the expression of Cx26 in the lungs was determined by immunohistochemistry.Results Compared with air group,weight,value of RAC were both decreased obviously in hyperoxia,retinoic acid+hyperoxia groups[(13.53?1.27),(13.38?1.29),(17.37?0.89)g,F=30.19 P=0;11.15?1.33,12.49?1.47,13.94?0.98,F=9.59 P=0),while the expression of Cx26 increased [(13.68?1.28)%,(17.82?1.72)%,(19.69?1.77)%,F=29.36 P=0].Conclusion Retinoic acid has a protective effection from damaged lung of neonatal rats suffered from hyperoxia,and it may be related to the alteration of expression of Cx26 protein in the lungs.

BACKGROUND: How to evaluate the cervical curvature correctly has been a greatly concern of spine surgeons. In recent studies, cervical curvature index(CCI) and cervical spine angle(C2-7) were often used by foreign researchers.OBJECTIVE: Ishihara method and spine angle(C2-7) method were applied to measure the cervical curvature, and the correlation between the two methods was compared as well.DESIGN: An observational controlled trial based on the patients.SETTING: Department of Orthopaedics of Peking Union Medical College Hospital.PARTICIPANIS: Totally 63 cases including 34 male and 29 female patients with cervical spondylopathy were involved in the Department of Orthopaedics of Peking Union Medical Clooefe Hospital from July 2002 to July 2003.METHODS: The 63 cervical spondylopathy patients' cervical spine lateral X-ray films were evaluated.MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Main outcomes: ① The patients' CCI and the cervical spine angle; ② Relationship between their CCI and the cervical spine angle. Secondary outcomes: ① Regressive equation derived from their CCI and the cervical spine angle; ② Comparison of CCI and the cervical spine angle between male and female. RESULTS: The CCI(Ishihara method) was averaged 10. 1 (SD, 11.6), and the cervical spine angle(C2 -7) 17. 5 °(SD, 13.5). A highly significant correlation was found between the two indexes( P＜0.01). Sex and age factors were found to be irrelevant to them.CONCLUSION: The CCI (Ishihara method) and the cervical spine angle (C2-7) are significantly correlated with each other.

3) in control group (χ2=5.42,P=0.02).Conclusions Gemcitabine chemotherapy combined with HIFU treatment was more effective for pancreatic tumor growth control and pain relief without more adverse events,which was effective and safe.

Objective To explore the dead reasons and related factors of acute leakemia(AL)in children.Methods The clinical data of 42 dead cases of children with AL,who were admitted to Guangzhou Children's Hospital between Jan.1999 and Mar.2007 were reviewed.Nineteen cases were boys,23 cases were girls;the aging from 4 months to 12 years old and 5 months.Of 42 children,21 cases were acute lymphoblastic leukemia(ALL),18 cases were acute myeloid leukemia(AML),3 cases were unclassified AL.Results Ten out of 12 early-dead cases died of bleeding.Among 30 cases who received chemotherapy,4 cases died of bleeding,others of myelosuppression combined with infection,14 of whom died from sepsis,3 cases with fungal infection,1 case with virus infection,4 cases with unknown pathogens.Sixteen children relapsed among those who got remission,half of them relapsed within 1 year since diagnosed.Treatment-related mortality(TRM)was 90%(27 out of 30 cases).The main causes of TRM were infection and hemorrhage.Hyperleukocytosis and bleeding were 2 risk factors related to early death in new-diagnosed children.Conclusions More emphasizes should be put on bleeding tendency during early treatment in children with AL and treatment of infection complications during induction chemotherapy to reduce TRM.

AIM: To study the curative effect for patients with age related cataract and shallow anterior chamber after phacoemulsification.METHODS: Totally 38 patients (38 eyes) with age related cataract and shallow anterior chamber were selected and divided into two groups according to the depth of the anterior chamber, as mild shallow anterior chamber group (2-2.5mm) 23 eyes, high risk shallow anterior chamber group (<2.0mm) 15 eyes.Thirty-eight patients (38 eyes) with age related cataract with normal anterior chamber were as control group at the same period.All the patients received the operations by the same doctor and were followed up for 3mo.The observed items included visual acuity before and after operations, intraocular pressure, anterior chamber depth, corneal endothelial cell density and complications.RESULTS: There were no significant difference on visual acuity, intraocular pressure and corneal endothelial cell density between the two groups before operations (P>0.05).The visual acuity improved significantly after operation in both groups (P<0.05).Intraocular pressure after operation decreased significantly in both groups (P<0.05).Anterior chamber depth increased significantly after operation in both groups (P<0.05).Corneal endothelial cell density decreased significantly in both groups (P<0.05).There were no significant difference on anterior chamber depth, intraocular pressure and corneal endothelial cell density between the two groups at different time point after operations (P>0.05).Posterior capsular rupture occurred in shallow anterior chamber group in 1 eye, suspensory ligament rupture in 1 eye.Posterior capsular rupture and suspensory ligament rupture occurred none in normal anterior chamber group.Postoperative corneal edema occurred in 10 eyes (26%) in shallow anterior chamber group, which occurred in 3 eyes (8%) in normal anterior chamber group.The difference on the incidence was significant (P <0.05).CONCLUSION: Phacoemulsification should be taken timely for patients with age related cataract and shallow anterior chamber.The postoperative visual acuity can be improved and the anterior chamber depth can increase.The operation is safe and effective for those patients.

Antiviral Agents ; therapeutic use ; Child ; Deoxyribonuclease (Pyrimidine Dimer) ; therapeutic use ; Humans ; Immunization, Passive ; Infant ; Picornaviridae Infections ; drug therapy ; therapy ; Respiratory Syncytial Virus Infections ; drug therapy ; therapy ; Ribavirin ; therapeutic use

Objective To investigate the imbalance of Th1/Th2 cell response in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) combined with coronary heart disease .Methods SLE patients ,SLE patients with coronary heart disease and healthy con-trols were enrolled and blood samples were collected .T-bet/GATA-3 ,the transcription factors of Th1/Th2 cells ,were detected by real-time PCR ;the intracellular cytokines IFN-γ and IL-4 in CD4 + T cells were stained by fluorescent antibodies and detected by flow cytometry ;the level of serum IFN-γ and IL-4 were detected by ELISA .Results Comparing with healthy control group ,the ex-pression level of Th1 transcription factor T-bet ,the introcellular secretion of IFN-γ in CD4 + T cells and the serum IFN-γ were all decreased in non-coronary heart disease patients with SLE( P < 0 .05) .Comparing with non-coronary heart disease patients with SLE or healthy control group ,the expression level of Th1 transcription factor T-bet ,the introcellular secretion of IFN-γ in CD4 + T cells and the serum IFN-γ were all increased in patients with SLE combined coronary heart disease(P< 0 .05) ;while the expression level of Th2 transcription factor GATA-3 ,the introcellular secretion of IL-4 in CD4 + T cells and the serum IL-4 were all decreased in patients with SLE combined coronary heart disease(P< 0 .05) .Conclusion There were imbalance towards Th1 cell response in patients with SLE combined coronary heart disease ,which may related to the occurrence and development of disease .

Objectives To compare the efficiency and clearance of single dose low molecular weight heparin(LMWH) as anticoagulant in hemodiafiltration and hemodialysis.Methods Twenty-two patients were enrolled in the study.A single injection of LMWH(Nadroparin calcium 7500ICUAXa) was given before hemodiafiltration and hemodialysis respectively.The anti-factor-Xa activity and the activated partial thromboplastin time(APTT) in plasma were assayed during the treatment,and the dialyzer coagulation was observed.The changes of urea and serum creatinine were measured before and after the treatment.Results The anti-factor-Xa activity of LMWH during hemodiafiltration was lower than that during hemodialysis.However,there was no significant difference in APTT between the two groups.Conclusions A single bolus injection of Nadroparin provides a simple and effective anticoagulation regimen for hemodiafiltration lasting up to four hours.

Objective To investigate the change of serum insulin like growth factor Ⅰ (IGF Ⅰ) level in newly diagnosed senile patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM) before and after regular insulin (RI) therapy. Methods Body mass index, blood pressure (BP), 24 hour urinary microalbumin (24hUAlb), fasting blood glucose (FBG), 2 hour postprandial blood glucose (P2hBG), serum insulin (Ins) and C peptide (C P), HbA 1c and IGF Ⅰ were measured in 60 senile type 2 DM patients newly diagnosed by oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) and 40 healthy senile subject (controls); RI 8 U, 6 U, 6 U were injected to type 2 DM patients before three meals respectively. Two days later, above tests were repeated. Insulin resistance index (IR) was calculated. Results The serum IGF Ⅰ levels were (349.0?49.5)?g/L in control group, (231.8?64.4)?g/L and (294.2?46.2)?g/L in patient group before and after RI therapy, The IGF Ⅰ level was significantly lower before RI therapy than that of controls (P