B-type ultrasound images have important applications in medical diagnosis. However, the widely spread intensity inhomogeneity, low-scale contrast, constructed defect, noise and blurred edges all make it difficult to implement automatic segmentation of lesion in the images. Based on region level set method, a subordinate degree region level set model was proposed, in which subordinate degree probability of each pixel was defined to reflect the pixel subjection grade to target and background respectively. Pixels were classified to either target or background by calculation of their subordinate degree probabilities, and edge contour was obtained by region level set iterations. In this paper, lesion segmentation is regarded as local segmentation of specific area, and the calculation is restrained to the local sphere abide by the contour, which greatly reduce the calculation complexity. Experiments on B-type ultrasound images showed improved results of the proposed method compared to those of some popular level set methods.
Algorithms ; Diagnostic Imaging ; Humans ; Models, Theoretical ; Probability ; Signal Processing, Computer-Assisted ; Ultrasonography

AIM: To study the curative effect for patients with age related cataract and shallow anterior chamber after phacoemulsification.METHODS: Totally 38 patients (38 eyes) with age related cataract and shallow anterior chamber were selected and divided into two groups according to the depth of the anterior chamber, as mild shallow anterior chamber group (2-2.5mm) 23 eyes, high risk shallow anterior chamber group (<2.0mm) 15 eyes.Thirty-eight patients (38 eyes) with age related cataract with normal anterior chamber were as control group at the same period.All the patients received the operations by the same doctor and were followed up for 3mo.The observed items included visual acuity before and after operations, intraocular pressure, anterior chamber depth, corneal endothelial cell density and complications.RESULTS: There were no significant difference on visual acuity, intraocular pressure and corneal endothelial cell density between the two groups before operations (P>0.05).The visual acuity improved significantly after operation in both groups (P<0.05).Intraocular pressure after operation decreased significantly in both groups (P<0.05).Anterior chamber depth increased significantly after operation in both groups (P<0.05).Corneal endothelial cell density decreased significantly in both groups (P<0.05).There were no significant difference on anterior chamber depth, intraocular pressure and corneal endothelial cell density between the two groups at different time point after operations (P>0.05).Posterior capsular rupture occurred in shallow anterior chamber group in 1 eye, suspensory ligament rupture in 1 eye.Posterior capsular rupture and suspensory ligament rupture occurred none in normal anterior chamber group.Postoperative corneal edema occurred in 10 eyes (26%) in shallow anterior chamber group, which occurred in 3 eyes (8%) in normal anterior chamber group.The difference on the incidence was significant (P <0.05).CONCLUSION: Phacoemulsification should be taken timely for patients with age related cataract and shallow anterior chamber.The postoperative visual acuity can be improved and the anterior chamber depth can increase.The operation is safe and effective for those patients.

Objective To evaluate the safety and efficacy of three types of anesthesia methods in elderly patients with coronary heart disease undergoing unilateral lower extremity surgery.Methods Totally 65 patients with coronary heart disease of cardiac function Ⅰ-Ⅱ (NYHA),scheduled for undergoing unilateral lower limb surgery were randomly divided into three groups:local nerve block anesthesia of lumbar plexus plus the sciatic nerve (21 cases),general anesthesia (19 cases),epidural anesthesia (25 cases).Systolic blood pressure (SBP),heart rate (HR),pulse rate and blood oxygen saturation (SPO2) at 0 min,10 min,20 min,30 min,40 min after surgery at the end of the surgery were observed and recorded.The change of troponin Ⅰ (cTnI) at 3 day after surgery was observed.Visual analoguc scales (VAS) scores.movement reaction,the infortnation of muscle relax and corresponding management were recorded in order to detect anesthesia efficacy.Results The excellent and satisfactory rate of anesthesia efficacy of three groups were 17 cases (81.0％) and 4 cases (19.0％),17 eases (89.5％) and 2 cases (10.5％),22 cases (88.0％) and 3 cases (12.0％) (all P＞0.05).In epiduralgroup compared with other groups,SBP were decreased (both P＜0.05).cTnI in nerve stimulator group was decreased (all P＜0.05) at 1 and 3 day after surgery compared with general anesthesia group,and at 3 day after surgery,cTnI level in nerve stimulator group was lower than other two groups(all P＜0.05).Conclusions The nerve stimulator guided nerve block is the most safe method among general anesthesia and epidural anesthesia in elderly patients with coronary heart disease scheduled for lower extremity surgery.

OBJECTIVE:To improve the determination method for the contents of main components and related substances in Loxoprofen sodium tablets. METHODS:RP-HPLC method was adopted. The determination was performed on Inspire C18 column with mobile phase consisted of acetonitile-0.01 mol/L potassium dihydrogen phosphate(containing 0.2% triethylamine,phosphoric acid adjusted to 3.0±0.1,62 : 38,V/V)at the flow rate of 1.0 mL/min. The column temperature was 40 ℃,and the detection wave-length was set at 221 nm. The sample size was 20 μL. RESULTS:The peak of loxoprofen sodium was well separated with the peak of its related substances(R>1.5). The linear range of loxoprofen sodium ranged 30.0-90.0 μg/mL(r=0.9998). The detection lim-it of loxoprofen was 0.3 μ g/mL. RSDs of precision,stability and repeatability tests were <1.0% . The average recovery rates ranged 99.00%-99.87%(RSD=0.33%,n=9). CONCLUSIONS:This method is accurate,simple,rapid and suitable for the quali-ty control of Loxoprofen sodium tablets.

Child ; Humans ; Male ; Niemann-Pick Disease, Type C ; diagnosis ; genetics

Robotic system helps surgeons in performing surgery. Currently Da Vinci system is the most popular. Da Vinci system has been used for the stomach and bowel diseases in 27 cases(18 cases of stomach and 9 cases of colon and rectum) in the Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University. Accurate preoperative staging is crucial, and Da Vinci system is advantageous in lymph node dissection, preservation of nerve plexus, and complete resection of mesorectum. Adoption of gastrointestinal tract reconstruction technique should depend on the operation and experience in surgery. Though Da Vinci system has limitations and the cost is high, it is believed to be the future trend.
Digestive System Surgical Procedures ; methods ; Humans ; Robotics ; methods

Ankylosis ; Humans ; Respiration Disorders ; Stomatognathic System Abnormalities ; Tongue ; abnormalities ; Trismus

Objective To investigate the changes of body composition in the children with acute leukemia during different treatment stages.Methods From January 2009 to April 2010,56 children with acute leukemia hospitalized in Shanghai Children's Medical Center for chemotherapy were enrolled.Meanwhile,56 healthy children with matched age and sex were enrolled as the control group.The body compositions of children in the control group and the children with acute leukemia at the end of the first course of each treatment stages ware detected by segmental multiple-frequency bioelectrical impedance analysis.The distribution of body compositions was recorded asthe percentage of each body composition to the body weighL Results Among 56 children with acute leukemia,41were with acute lymphoblastic leukemia and 15 with acute nonlymphoblasdc leukemia.Twenty-three cases were in remission-induction chemotherapy stage,15 in consolidation chemotherapy stage,and 18 in maintenance chemotherapy stage.Compared with children in the control group,children with acute leukemia showed a reduction in the percentage of intracellular fluid (P = 0.000), extracellular fluid (P - 0.005), protein (P = 0.000), mineral (P = 0.001), skeletal muscle mass (P = 0.000), body cell mass (P = 0.000), and active cell mass (P = 0.000), while an increase in body fat mass [(26.2 ± 8.3)% vs.(20.3±3.8)%, P=0.000].The body weight (P = 0.001), the percentage of intracellular fluid (P = 0.005), protein (P = 0.004), body cell mass (P = 0.001), and active cell mass ( P = 0.020 ) in the children during remission-induction chemotherapy stage were significantly lower than those of the healthy children.However, the parameters of the consolidation chemotherapy stage were significantly lower than those of the control group, including the percentage of intracellular fluid (P = 0.000), extracellular fluid (P =0.000), protein (P = 0.000), mineral (P =0.001), body fat mass (P =0.000), non-fat mass (P = 0.000), skeletal muscle mass (P = 0.000), body cell mass (P = 0.000), and active cell mass (P = 0.000).Most body compositions in the maintenance chemotherapy stage were lower than those of the healthy children ( P < 0.05) except for body mass index (P = 0.127) and the percentage of extracellular fluid (P = 0.097).Conclusions Body compositions remarkably change in children with acute leukemia after chemotherapy.Therefore, the nutritional status of children with acute leukemia should be closely monitored, and proper nutritional support should be provided when necessary to improve the prognosis.

Objective To evaluate the influence factor of 'SF-FDG and 18F-FLT PET/CT for diagnosing pulmonary nodules.Methods 55 patients with pulmonary nodules were chosen as study target,include 33 male cases and 22 female cases,the age range from 17 to 82 years old.In all cases,28 cases had one pulmonary nodule,others had 2 or 3 pulmonary nodules,and the nodule size was 0.6-11.0 cm.18F-FDG and 18F-FLT PET/CT were performed on 55 patients.The relationship of SUV of 18F-FDG and 18F-FLT with sex,age,size and pathology of all pulmonary nodule patients were analyzed.Results The SUV of 18F-FDG and 18F-FLT had no statistics difference on sex,age and size(P>0.05),the SUV of 18F-FDG had no statistics difference on pathology of pulmonary nodule(P>0.05).Otherwise,the SUV of 18F-FLT had statistics difference on pathology of pulmonary nodule(P<0.05).Conclusion The pathology of pulmonary nodule was an important influence factor for SUV of 18F-FLT,and the ~SF-FLT PET/CT has the high diagnostic effectiveness for pulmonary nodules and this method will has great influence on the clinical management of pulmonary nodule patients.

Blood glucose level responses to different diets were examined in 12 healthy man. The test breakfasts consist of different proportion of protein and carbohydrate. Three kinds of test breakfast were fed respectively for each person. Blood glucose were measured before and 1, 2 and 4 hr after breakfast. The results indicated that high-CHO diet maintained higher level of blood glucose than other diets in 1-2 hr after breakfast. However the blood glucose level began dropping from 2 hr and dropped below fasting level at 4 hr after breakfast. The high-protein diet resulted in decreasing of blood glucose level in 1-2 hr after breakfast. The blood glucose level then increased continuously until 4 hr after breakfast.The results in this experiment showed that adjustment of the proportion of carbohydrate and protein in diets could maintain the blood glucose to a higher and stable level.