BACKGROUND: Tumor-adopted immunity and gene transduction technique are used to introduce tumor necrosis factor-α vector into carrier cells, which are then re-infused into the body so that cancer cells can be killed by tumor necrosis factor-α more directly and effectively with fewer side effects on the other tissues due to high local expression.OBJECTIVE: To study the bioactivity of in vitro cultured tumor necrosis factor-α transduced tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes as well as the inhibitory effects on cancer cells of cancer-loaded rats infused in different ways.DESIGN: A randomized controlled study based on experimental animals.SEETING: Cancer Research Institute of China Medical University.MATERIALS: This study was carried out at the Cancer Research Institute and the Experimental Animal Department, China Medical University,between January 2000 and December 2001. TJ8510 cell line (human brain glioblastoma cell line) was provided by the Neurological Research Institute of Tianjin Medical University Affiliated Hospital. The experimental animals were 36 BALB/C nude mice congenitally having no thymius.METHODS: Based on the establishment of tumor necrosis factor-α retroviral transduction system and the preparation of cartier cells tumor-infil-trating lymphocytes, the monoclonal virus cell line PLC-2 and PLJC-5available were used to introduce marked gene NeoR and targeted gene tumor necrosis factor-α into tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes, respectively.Then cell proliferation, tumor necrosis factor expression and in vitro antitumor activity were examined. After cancer cell inoculation, the 36 nude mice were randomly divided into 6 groups: local infusion control group, local tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes infusion group, local tumor necrosis factor-tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes infusion group, venous infusion control group, venous tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes infusion group and venous tumor necrosis factor-tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes infusion group, and the therapeutic effects on the cancer-loaded mice were observed.proliferation and tumor necrosis factor-α expression in tumor-infiltrating oR-tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes and tumor necrosis factor-tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes was not significantly different from each other (P ＞ 0.05).NeoR-tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes, though not significantly different (P ＞0.05), significantly differ from that of tumor necrosis factor-tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (P ＜ 0.01); moreover, tumor necrosis factor-tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes were found to express higher tumor necrosis factor-α conactivity did not significantly differ between tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes and NeoR-tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (P ＞ 0.05), but obviously increased come of the animal experiment: 40 days after tumor necrosis factor-tumorinfiltrating lymphocytes infusion, cancer size in local tumor necrosis factortumor-infiltrating lymphocytes infusion group was found smaller than that in local infusion control group [(307±42) and (2 048±278) mm3, P ＜ 0.01],and it was also smaller in venous tumor necrosis factor-tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes infusion group than that in venous control group [(954±195)and (1 989±305) mm3 , P ＜ 0.05].CONCLUSION: Tumor necrosis factor-α gene transduced tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes could effectively express tumor necrosis factor, exerting higher and in vivo anti-tumor effects than tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes in cancer-loaded nude mice. No obvious inhibitory effects on the growth of subcutaneous solid carcinoma could be observed in nude mice after venous infusion of human brain glioblastoma tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes, but the inhibitory effects became obvious due to venous infusion of tumor necrosis factor-tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes and significant due to local tumor necrosis factor-tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes infusion, indicating that local infusion is the preferable way in the treatment of glioblastoma by immuno-gene therapy.

OBJECTIVETo evaluate the outcome of Titanium elastic intramedullary nailing (TEN) for the treatment of displaced midclavicular fractures.

METHODSBetween February 2010 and February 2013, 62 patients with displaced midclavicular fractures were treated by TEN, including 27 males and 35 females with an average age of 37.6 years old ranging from 15 to 67 years. The course of disease was from 1 to 9 days (means 2.7 days). Thirty-nine cases were treated by closed reduction and 23 cases by assistant small incision. Based on OTA (the Orthopaedic Trauma Association classification) classification, 31 cases of simple fractures involved 5 cases of 06-A1,15 cases of 06-A2,11 cases of 06-A3; 31 cases of wedge fractures involved 4 cases of 06-B1,12 cases of 06-B2,15 cases of 06-B3. Postoperative pain relief were evaluated by VAS score,and operation time,fracture healing time were recorded. After 6 weeks and after removing internal fixation shoulder joint function was evaluated by Constant score, and shoulder joint function were assessed by Herscovici score after 6 weeks.

RESULTSExcept 2 cases were lost to follow-up, 2 cases did not remove internal fixation, 3 cases' fractures were nonunion, the remaining 55 patients received follow-up for an average time of 11.4 months. The average preoperative VAS score was 5.20±0.71, and it turned to be 1.550.59 at 3 days after operation. The average operative duration was 40 min (15 to 65 min). The average bone healing time was (2.71±0.54) months (2 to 5 months). No difference about bone healing time was found between simple fractures and wedge fractures,and between the patients treated by closed reduction and assistant small incision. According to Herscovici standard, the shoulder function was excellent in 49 cases, good in 4, fair in 1, and poor in 1. Simple fractures achieved better Constant score than wedge fractures at 6 weeks postoperatively, whereas no difference was found at 4 weeks after fixation removal.

CONCLUSIONTitanium elastic nails (TEN) for treatment of displaced midclavicular fractures has advantages of good clinical effect,rapid pain relief,fast recovery of shoulder joint function. For OTA classification type B patients with comminuted fracture can replace steel to achieve very good effect, but to grasp the appropriate.

Adolescent ; Adult ; Clavicle ; injuries ; surgery ; Female ; Fracture Fixation, Intramedullary ; methods ; Fractures, Bone ; surgery ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged

Objective To analyze the correlation between apolipoprotein E(ApoE) gene polymorphisms and the incidence rate of chronic cardiovascular disease as well as the blood lipid levels of patients.Methods ApoE gene polymorphism and lipid levels were measured by suing gene chip analysis system and biochemical analyze in 1 414 cases of chronic cardiovascular disease patients(experimental groups) and 374 cases of healthy subjects(control group).Results Compared with control group,E3/4 genotype frequency was increased in experimental group,while E2/E3 genotype frequency decreased(P<0.05).Compared with control group,the levels of total cholesterol(TC),triglyceride(TG),low density lipoprotein-cholesterol(LDL-C) were obviously increased and the level of HDL-C was decreased in experimental group(P<0.05).Compared with patients with E2/E3 genotype,the level of HDL-C in patients with E3/E4 genotype was decreased and the levels of TC,LDL-C were increased significantly(P<0.05).Proportions of different ApoE genotypes in patients with cerebral infarction,cerebral hemorrhage,hypertension,coronary heart disease,type-2 diabete and fatty liver were different.Compared with the E2/E3 genotype,the proportion of the E3/E4 genotype in patients with cerebral infarction,cerebral hemorrhage,hypertension,coronary heart disease,type-2 diabete and fatty liver were increased(P<0.05).Conclusion ApoE gene polymorphism might be important cause of the individual difference of lipid levels and a risk factor for the occurrence and development of chronic cardiovascular diseases.

Malignant tumor is one of the main causes for death in the world at present as well as a major disease seriously harming human health and life and restricting the social and economic development. There are many kinds of reports about traditional Chinese medicine patent prescriptions, empirical prescriptions and self-made prescriptions treating cancer, and prescription rules were often analyzed based on medication frequency. Such methods were applicable for discovering dominant experience but hard to have an innovative discovery and knowledge. In this paper, based on the traditional Chinese medicine inheritance assistance system, the software integration of mutual information improvement method, complex system entropy clustering and unsupervised entropy-level clustering data mining methods was adopted to analyze the rules of traditional Chinese medicine prescriptions for cancer. Totally 114 prescriptions were selected, the frequency of herbs in prescription was determined, and 85 core combinations and 13 new prescriptions were indentified. The traditional Chinese medicine inheritance assistance system, as a valuable traditional Chinese medicine research-supporting tool, can be used to record, manage, inquire and analyze prescription data.
Drug Prescriptions ; Humans ; Medicine, Chinese Traditional ; Neoplasms ; drug therapy

The present study was designed to investigate the role of protein kinase A (PKA) and phospholipase A(2) (PLA(2)) in the stimulating effect of adenosine on the basolateral 50 pS K(+) channels in the thick ascending limb (TAL) of the rat kidney. Under the anatomic microscope, the TAL was dissected. The current of 50 pS K(+) channels were recorded by patch clamp technology. The protein expression of phosphorylated PKA and phosphorylated PLA(2) were examined by Western blot. The results showed that cyclohexyladenosine (CHA), an analog of adenosine, increased the 50 pS K(+) channel activity (P < 0.05). In the presence of H8, an antagonist of PKA, CHA did not affect the 50 pS K(+) channel activity. In the presence of AACOCF3 (an antagonist of PLA(2)), CHA did not further increase the 50 pS K(+) channel activity. CHA increased phosphorylation level of PKA, whereas inhibited phosphorylation of PLA(2) in the TAL of the rat kidney (P < 0.01). Furthermore, after blocking the PLA(2) with AACOCF3, CHA still increased the expression of phosphorylated PKA. On the contrary, CHA did not obviously change the expression of phosphorylated PLA(2) after H8 pretreatment. The results suggest that the stimulation of basolateral 50 pS K(+) channels by CHA is mediated by the activation of PKA followed by the inhibition of PLA(2) in the TAL of the rat kidney.
Adenosine ; analogs & derivatives ; pharmacology ; Animals ; Arachidonic Acids ; pharmacology ; Cyclic AMP-Dependent Protein Kinases ; metabolism ; Kidney ; drug effects ; metabolism ; Patch-Clamp Techniques ; Phospholipases A2 ; metabolism ; Potassium Channels ; metabolism ; Rats ; Signal Transduction

To further uncover the scientific significance and molecular mechanism of the Chinese herbs with pungent hot or warm natures, endogenous and exogenous expression systems were established by isolation of dorsal root ganglion (DRG) neurons and transfection of HEK293 cells with TRPV1 channel gene separately. On this basis, the regulation action of capsaicin, one main ingredient from chili pepper, on TRPV1 channel was further explored by using confocal microscope. Besides, the three-sites one-unit technique and method were constructed based on the brown adipose tissue (BAT), anal and tail skin temperatures. Then the effect of capsaicin on mouse energy metabolism was evaluated. Both endogenous and exogenous TRPV1 channel could be activated and this action could be specifically blocked by the TRPV1 channel inhibitor capsazepine. Simultaneously, the mice's core body temperature and BAT temperature fall down and then go up, accompanied by the increase of temperature of the mice's tail skin. Promotion of the energy metabolism by activation of TRPV1 channel might be the common way for the pungent-hot (warm) herbs to demonstrate their natures.
Adipose Tissue, Brown ; drug effects ; physiology ; Animals ; Capsaicin ; analogs & derivatives ; pharmacology ; Energy Metabolism ; Ganglia, Spinal ; cytology ; HEK293 Cells ; Humans ; Mice ; Neurons ; drug effects ; physiology ; Plants, Medicinal ; chemistry ; TRPV Cation Channels ; physiology ; Temperature ; Thermogenesis

Objective To investigate the mechanism and role of ?-ray of 103Pd in the treatment of biliary duct cancer.Methods A series of biliary duct cancer cells were treated with different ?-ray dose,and MTT [3-(4,5-dimethy thiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyl terazolium-bromide] technique was used to determine the inhibition rate of ?-ray of 103Pd on the biliary duct cancer cells;and electron micro-technique,DNA agarose gel electrophoresis and flow cytometry to evaluate the morphological characteristics and apoptosis rate of the biliary duct cancer cells were also used.Results The ?-ray radiation of 103Pd resulted in significant inhibition of the biliary duct cancer cells.The features of biliary duct cancer cells apoptosis(e,g:apoptic bodies,DNA ladders band hypodiploid DNA peak) could be seen in the group with lower dosage(5.333mci),and cell necrosis was seen in higher dosage(more than 6.645 mci).Conclusions The ?-ray radiation could induce apoptosis of the biliary duct cancer cells,but with dose dependence,and apoptosis can be an important mechanism for radiation treatment of biliary duct cancer.

OBJECTIVETo investigate the distribution and drug resistance spectrum of clinical bacterial and Candida isolates.

METHODSMost of the bacterial isolates were identified using automated BD Phoenix, and a few with K-B method carried out manually. Candida isolates were identified by color-display plate and K-B method.

RESULTSThe most common isolates in the 2478 strains were P. aeruginosa (15.6%), E. coli (11.5%), C. albicans (9.6%), K. pneumoniae (9.3%), S. aureu (8.2%), and S. epidermidis (7.5%). In gram-negative isolates, the antibiotics with the lowest resistance rate were meraopenem (14.4%), cefoperazone/Sulbactam (14.8%), Imipenem (21.9%), piperacillin/tazobactam (27.4%), ceftazidime (30.0%), amikacin (31.1%), and cefepime (33.1%). The detection rate of E.coli and K. pneumoniae isolates producing extended spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBLs) were 47.4% and 37.3% respectively. In gram-positive isolates, the antibiotics with the lowest resistance rate were vancomycin (0.9%), teicoplanin (1.1%), nitrofurantoin (6.9%), amikacin (20.1%), chloramphenicol (30.7%), and cefoperazone/sulbactam (31.5%). The methecillin-resistant rates of S. aureu , S. epidermidis, and S. haemolyticus were 57.1%, 65.0%, and 66.0%. For Candida isolates, the most sensitive antibiotics were amphotericin B (0.3%), nystain (0.3%), itraconazole (5.6%), fluconazole (9.4%), and fluorocytosine (9.4%).

CONCLUSIONThe results suggest high rate of ESBL production and oxacillin resistance of the bacteria isolated in the hospital. More rational use of antimicrobial agents is crucial for reducing the drug-resistance of the bacteria, and effective measures must be taken to reduce dissemination of multidrug-resistant bacteria.

Anti-Infective Agents ; pharmacology ; Bacteria ; drug effects ; isolation & purification ; Candida ; drug effects ; isolation & purification ; Drug Resistance, Bacterial ; Drug Resistance, Fungal ; Microbial Sensitivity Tests ; Oxacillin ; pharmacology ; beta-Lactamases ; biosynthesis

OBJECTIVETo evaluate the clinical value of magnetic resonance (MR) diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI) for diagnosing radiation-induced liver injury (RILI) and detecting changes in hepatic pathology at different post-irradiation times.

METHODSMale New Zealand white rabbits received no irradiation (C0, control group; n = 10) or irradiation of 50 Gy/10F once every other day by virtual three dimensional conformal radiotherapy (3D-CRT) for one day (C1; n = 10), three days (C2; n = 10), two weeks (C3; n = 10), one month (C4; n = 10) or two months (C5; n = 10). One member of all groups were sacrificed for DWI examination and pathologic study on post-irradiation day 1, day 3, week 2, month 1 and month 2. The apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) values were measured using a range of b values (50, 300, 600, 800 and 1000 s/mm2).

RESULTSHematoxylin-eosin (H-E) staining showed that livers of rabbits in the C3, C4 and C5 groups had the characteristic features of veno-occlusive disease. DWI examination showed that the irradiated livers of rabbits in C2, C3, C4 and C5 groups had significantly lower ADC values than the livers of the non-irradiated rabbits at b values of 300, 600, 800 and 1000 s/mm2 (P less than 0.05). When the b value was 600 s/mm2, the best negative correlation between ADC values and pathological stage was seen for the irradiated livers (Spearman's rank, r = -0.459, P less than 0.01). The threshold ADC value to distinguish the normal group (C0) from an irradiated group (more than or equal toC1) was 1.955 * 10-3 mm2/s at 600 s/mm2 b value. When the b value was 1000 s/mm2, the threshold ADC value to predict an irradiated group with normal H-E staining (C1) from an irradiated group with abnormal H-E staining (more than or equal toC2) was 1.5250 * 10-3 mm2/s; the ADC threshold value was 1.5150 * 10-3 mm2/s to predict groups C0-2 and groups C3-5.

CONCLUSIONDWI has high sensitivity for detecting RILI at three days after irradiation with proper b values. Use of the ADC value is feasible for estimating the evolutionary process of pathological features of RILI damage. DWI may represent an important clinical tool for detection of early pathological changes in RILI.

OBJECTIVETo assess the effects of treatment of Amanita mushroom poisoning with Glossy anoderma Decoction (, GGD).

METHODSTwelve patients with acute Amanita mushroom poisoning received conventional treatment (penicillin and reduced glutathione) combined with oral administration of GGD (treated group), which was prepared out of 200 g Glossy ganoderma decocted in water to 600 mL, and 200 ml was given once, three times a day for 7 successive days; while conventional treatment alone was given to the other 11 patients assigned to the control group. The therapeutic efficacy and changes in serum levels of total bilirubin (TBil), bile acids (BA), alanine transaminase (ALT), and aspartate transaminase (AST) activities in the two groups were compared.

RESULTSThe cured-markedly effective rate in the treated group was more significant than that in the control group (P<0.01). Elevation in TBil, BA, ALT, and AST activities were observed in both groups 3 days after poisoning, which progressively increased thereafter in the control group. In the treated group, they reached their peak on the 3rd day and then declined gradually. The differences between pre-treatment and post-treatment in both groups were obviously significant (P<0.01), so were the differences between the two groups at corresponding time points (P<0.01).

CONCLUSIONGGD shows excellent clinical efficacy in the treatment of acute Amanita mushroom poisoning and can reduce mortality significantly.

Acute Disease ; Adolescent ; Adult ; Amanita ; Bile Acids and Salts ; blood ; Child ; Female ; Ganoderma ; Humans ; Male ; Medicine, Chinese Traditional ; Middle Aged ; Mushroom Poisoning ; blood ; drug therapy ; mortality