Gram-positive food-borne pathogen Listeria monocytogenes can invade non-phagocytic cells of the hosts by means of the special surface proteins and cause severe systemic infections. Internalins play a key role for Listeria monocytogenes in invading the non-phagocytic cells. In this study we will review and expand upon the recent advances in understanding the molecular mechanisms of InlA- and InlB- mediating the invasion of Listeria monocytogenes into host cells. This paper will also provide the theoretical base for pathogenetic mechanisms, precaution and therapy of food-borne pathogens.

Adult ; Angiofibroma ; Humans ; Male ; Nose Diseases ; Turbinates ; pathology

selenomethionine.Although the structure of selenomethionine and methionine are similar,the electron supply ability of selenomethionine is lower than that of methionine.Conclusion Methionine as electrons provider could accelerate the photolysis of VB2 to generate ?O 2,but selenocystine,selenomethionine and cystine could directily scavenge ?O 2 generated by VB2.

Objective To study inflammatory cytokines changes in brain tissue of neonatal rats with periventricular leukomalacia (PVL).Method A total of 80 neonatal SD rats (P3) were randomly assigned into 2 equal groups,sham-operated group and PVL group.Rats in each group were further assigned into four subgroups (12,24,48,72 h),with 10 rats in each subgroup.The hypoxic-ischemic PVL modal were established following the procedure:first,isolation and ligation of left common carotid artery,and then exposed to 8％ O2 and 92％ N2 for 2.5 h.The sham-operated rats were processed with isolation of left common carotid artery only.Rats of the four subgroups were sacrificed at 12,24,48 h and 72 h respectively,then the brains were rapidly removed in corresponding time.Pathological changes of brain tissues were observed using HE stain.The mRNA expression levels of tumor necrosis factor α(TNF-α)and inter leukin-1β (IL-1β) were assessed using real-time quantitative PCR assays,the protein levels of TNF-α and IL-1β were detected using enzyme linked immunosorbent assay method.Result The brains tissues of rats in PVL group showed remarkably hyperemia and edema,with left ventricle enlargement.Periventricular white matter structure was disintegrated comparing with sham-operated group.The expression of TNF-α and IL-1 β mRNA in PVL group increased significantly,reaching peak by 24 h and then gradually decreased 72 h after the procedure.The mRNA levels of TNF-c and IL-1 β were significantly different between each two time points of 12,24 h and 48 h in PVL group (P ＜0.05).However,there was no differences between 72 h and 48 h within PVL and sham-operated group group(P ＞0.05).In PVL group,the protein expression trends of TNF-α and IL-1 β were similar to mRNA expression trends.Moreover,the protein levels were significantly different between each two time points of TNF-α and IL-1 β,respectively (P ＜ 0.01).The protein expression levels of TNF-α were different at each time point between PVL group and sham-operated group[(189.2 ± 20.4) pg/ml vs.(131.4 ±5.2) pg/ml at 12 h,(213.8 ± 16.7) pg/ml vs.(127.7 ±7.4) pg/ml at 24 h,(181.7 ± 15.0) pg/ml vs.(126.3 ± 6.0) pg/ml at 48 h,(159.6 ± 25.3) pg/ml vs.(131.4 ± 6.0) pg/ml at 72 h;P ＜0.01].The protein levels of IL-1β were different between the two groups only at 24 h and 48 h.[(121.8 ±30.0) pg/ml vs.(67.4 ± 13.7) pg/ml,(83.3 ± 15.7) pg/ml vs.(65.3 ± 14.9) pg/ml;P ＜0.05].In sham-operated group,no differences of TNF-α and IL-1 β protein levels were found between any different time points (P ＞ 0.05).Conclusion Inflammatory cytokines such as TNF-α and IL-1β are involved in ischemic-hypoxia induced PVL.Dynamic detection of inflammatory factors is expected to be an important method of early diagnosis,assessment of treatment efficacy and prognosis of PVL.

AIM: To analyze the effect of preoperative intravitreal injection of Ranibizumab ( lVR ) in patients undergoing pars plana vitrectomy ( PPV ) for proliferative diabetic retinopathy ( PDR) .
●METHODS:ln this retrospective research, 62 patients (67 eyes ) with PDR in the First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University from Jun. 2014 to Jun. 2015 were recruited. They were assigned to an experimental group ( n=37 eyes ) and a control group ( n=30 eyes ) . The patients in experimental group were given 1 injection of lVR ( Lucentis 1. 0mg/0. 1mL ) 1wk before surgery, whereas those in control group went down to surgery directly. The average operation time, iatrogenic breaks, the use of tamponade, electric coagulation, and vision increase rate were comparatively analyzed between two groups.
●RESULTS:The average operation time was (91. 7±20. 8) min in the experimental group vs (117. 6±18. 6)min in the PPV group(t = -5. 314,P<0. 05). The rate of electric coagulation (11%) vs (47%), (χ2 =8. 963, P=0. 006);iatrogenic breaks (5%) vs (33%), (χ2=8. 789, P=0. 004) and silicone oil or inert gas tamponade ( 27. 0%) vs (53. 3%), (χ2 = 4. 828, P = 0. 043 ). The rate of visual improvement (75. 7%) vs (46. 7%), (χ2 = 5. 960, P =0. 022 ) . There was no severe complication associated with surgery, such as choroidal detachment, retinal detachment and endophthalmitis.
●CONCLUSION:lVR before microincision vitrectomy can effectively shorten the operation time, reduce the use of electric coagulation and intraocular tamponade, and improve the rate of visual improvement for PDR patients.

Objective To analyze the ABCD1 gene mutations in 5 cases of X-linked adrenoleukodystrophy(X-ALD) patients and 2 cases of their mothers.Methods Of 5 patients with X-ALD,10 exons and flanking intronic sequences of ABCD1 gene were amplified by polyme-rase chain reaction,and then sequenced directly.The outcomes were compared with normal ABCD1 sequencings to identify the mutation type and site.Thirty normal men were examined in the mean time as control for the confirmation of mutations and gene polymorphisms.Results Three patients showed ABCD1 gene mutations,1 had a point mutation in exon 6,Arg518Gly(CGG→GGG);2 patients showed the same novel mutation in exon 1 with 8 bases deletion(134del8).Four gene polymorphisms were identified in exon 7.They were Gly551X(GGC→GGT),Arg554His(CGT→CAT),Gln567Arg(CAA→CGA) and Val582Ile(GTC→ATC).ABCD1 gene mutation was not found in 2 mothers from 2 unrelated fa-milies with X-ALD.Conclusions Three cases of 5 were detected for ABCD1 gene mutations.Between them,the 134del8 mutation is a novel one.Four new gene polymorphisms were detected in exon 7 in normal Chinese people,which were Gly551X,Arg554His,Gln567Arg and Val582Ile.

Objective To analyze the severe extracranial internal carotid artery (EICA)stenosis and occlusion caused the distribution patterns of cerebral infarction lesion and then to investigate the differences of stenosis and occlusion caused mechanisms of cerebral infarction in order to provide the basis for individual prevention and treatment strategies. Methods The clinical and imaging data of 61 patients with atherosclerotic severe EICA stenosis (70-99%) or occlusion caused acute cerebral infarction were analyzed retrospectively. They were divided into stenosis group (n =31) and occlusion group (n =30) according to the degree of stenosis. The distribution pattems of infarct lesion of both groups were compared. They were divided into good (n =31) and poor (n = 26) collateral flow compensation groups according to the middle cerebral artery (MCA) and magnetic resonance angiography (MRA) on the lesion sides of EICA.The distribution patterns of the infarct lesion in both groups were compared. Results The proportion of the patients with hypertension in the poor collateral flow compensation group was significantly higher than that in the good collateral flow compensation group (22/26 vs.18/31, P = 0. 042). The proportion of the patients with multiple cerebral infarction in the occlusion group was significantly higher than thai in the stenosis group (15/30 vs. 24/31, P =0. 026),and the proportion of the patients with single cerebral infarction was significantly lower than that in the stenosis group (15/30 vs. 7/31, P =0. 026). The proportion of the patients with large cortical infarction was significantly higher than that in the stenosis group (7/30 vs. 1/31, P=0. 026). Among the patients with single cerebral infarction, the proportion of the patients with border-zone infarct (BZI) in the occlusion group was significantly higher than that in thestenosis group (8/15 vs. 5/24, P = 0. 036), and the proportion of the patients with cortical infarct (CI) was significantly lower than that in the stenosis group (15/24 vs. 4/15, P =0. 048).The proportion of the patients with BZI in the poor collateral flow compensation group was significantly higher than that in the good collateral flow compensation group (8/15vs. 4/22, P =0. 036), and the proportion of the patients with CI was significantly lower than that in the good collateral flow compensation group (4/15 vs. 14/22, P =0. 045). The proportions of the patients with large perforating artery infarct (11/30 vs. 3/31, P=0. 016) and BZI (20/30 vs. 10/31, P =0. 010) in the occlusion group were significantly higher than those in the stenosis group, and among the patients with BZI, the proportion of the infarction involving only the patients with internal border zone was significantly higher than that in the stenosis group (15/30 vs. 6/31, P =0. 016). The proportion of the patients with BZI in the poor collateral flow compensation group was significantly higher than that in the good collateral flow compensation group (19/26 vs.9/31, P =0. 001), and among the patients with BZI, the proportion of the infarction involving only the patients with internal border zone was significantly higher than that in the good collateral flow compensation group (14/26 vs. 6/31, P =0. 011). The proportion of the patients with incomplete anterior circle of Willis in the poor collateral flow compensation group was significantly higher than that in the good collateral flow compensation group (19/26 vs. 8/31,P =0. 001).Conclusions The lesion distribution patterns of cerebral infarction caused by severe EICA stenosis and occlusion are different, and it suggests that the cerebral infarction mechanisms caused by both are different. In patients with severe EICA occlusive disease, MRA showed that the developing signal change at the lesion sides of MCA may be a potential surrogate index for identifying the state of collateral circulation, but it needs to use the research means of quantitative determination of blood perfusion to verify.

Abortion, Spontaneous ; diagnosis ; genetics ; metabolism ; Cyclin-Dependent Kinase Inhibitor p57 ; metabolism ; Diagnosis, Differential ; Female ; Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic ; Humans ; Hydatidiform Mole ; diagnosis ; genetics ; metabolism ; Immunohistochemistry ; Pregnancy ; Uterine Neoplasms ; diagnosis ; genetics ; metabolism

Antigens, CD20 ; metabolism ; CD5 Antigens ; metabolism ; Colonic Neoplasms ; complications ; metabolism ; pathology ; surgery ; Cyclin D1 ; metabolism ; Diagnosis, Differential ; Female ; Humans ; Ileal Diseases ; complications ; pathology ; surgery ; Ileocecal Valve ; Intestinal Neoplasms ; complications ; metabolism ; pathology ; surgery ; Intestinal Polyps ; complications ; metabolism ; pathology ; surgery ; Intussusception ; complications ; pathology ; surgery ; Leukemia, Lymphocytic, Chronic, B-Cell ; metabolism ; pathology ; Lymphoma, Mantle-Cell ; complications ; metabolism ; pathology ; surgery ; Middle Aged

Bupleurum ; chemistry ; Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy ; Molecular Structure ; Plant Roots ; chemistry ; Plants, Medicinal ; chemistry ; Saponins ; chemistry ; isolation & purification