Humans ; Platelet Aggregation Inhibitors ; therapeutic use ; Platelet Glycoprotein GPIIb-IIIa Complex ; antagonists & inhibitors

Vitreous liquefaction is an age-related degenerative change,which will further alter the physicochemical properties of the vitreous and its surrounding tissues,resulting in various related eye diseases.The principal pathologic changes of that are the gradual depletion of hyaluronic acid and the collapse of collagen fibrillar network,with a series of biomechanical changes in vitreous body.This article reviews biomechanical properties of normal vitreous,the current measurements of these properties,formation mechanism and changes of biomechanics properties of vitreous liquefaction and correlation between synchesis and related ocular diseases,which provide insight into the ideas for the effective reduction and treatment of vitreous liquefaction.

Objective To explore the role of p38MAPK and TGF?2 in the development of diabetic retinopathy.Methods Fifteen Hamsters were induced into diabetic models by intraperitoneal injection of Streptozotocin(40 mg/kg once a day) for 3 d and 13 Hamsters were successfully established,whose blood glucose was over 13.5 mmol/L.Ten Hamsters as controls were intraperitoneally injected of physical saline of the same volume.At 16th week after induction,the total RNA of retina from all sacrificed Hamsters was collected.The mRNA expressions of p38MAPK,TGF?2 in retina were detected by semi-quantitative RT-PCR and their protein levels by Western blotting.Results The mRNA expressions of p38MAPK,TGF?2 in retina were of high tendency and their protein levels increased.Conclusion p38MAPK signal pathway may involve in the pathogenesis of diabetic retinopathy.

Objective To conclude the diagnostic methodology of unroofed coronary sinus (UCS) by two-dimensional echocardiography(2DE). Methods By analyzing the echocardiographic results of 16 UCS patients who were diagnosed by 2DE and confirmed by operation, the diagnostic methodology of UCS by 2DE was summarized. Results Sixteen patients with UCS were involved in this study. Among them, 12 cases were diagnosed as complete UCS,others were partial UCS(PUCS). Twelve patients were complicated with persistence of left superior vena cava (LSVC) that was connected to left atrium (LA) through UCS. All of preoperative diagnosis conducted by 2DE were finally confirmed to be consistent with the results of operation. With the analysis of acquired echo images,key points of diagnosis were concluded as follow: 1) normal coronary sinus (CS) could not be detected in the routine 2DE views referring CS. PUCS showed partial absence of CS roof,while complete UCS displayed as total absence of CS. 2)Inter-atrial shunt would definitely be found in UCS and the opening to right atrium must be coronary sinus orifice. The shunt direction was depended on the combined cardiac malformations. 3) With the occurrence of UCS,LSVC would be in junction with LA through UCS. 4) The inter-atrial shunt resulted in cardiac morphologic and hemodynamic changes. Conclusions Better understanding of the anatomic, morphological and hemodynamic characteristics of UCS would greatly contribute to accurate diagnosis on UCS.

Objective To investigate the effects of tumor-necrosis factor α (TNF-α) on the expressions of proprotein convertases (PC) and its relationship with the inhibition of hepatitis B virus (HBV) replication.Methods HepG2.2.15 cells cultured routinely were exposed to 20 μg/L recombinant TNF-α and/or 20 μmol/L PC inhibitor (DEC) for 18 h.Then Followed cells werecollected and cell total RNA and HBV DNA were extracted.PC mRNA and core-associated HBV DNA were measured using real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR) techniques.Measurement data was compared using t-test.Results When PC mRNA expressions in the blank group was as to 1,the expressions of PC1/3、PC2、furin、PC4 、PC5/6 、PACE4 and PC7/8 mRNA in HepG2.2.15 cells treated with 20μg/L TNF-α treatment for 18 h were all up-regulated,which were 3.3±0.7、79.3±3.3、77.5±1.3、19.2±3.1、1.3±0.1、1.4± 0.2、274.8± 7.1,respectively (all P＜0.05).Treatment of 20 μg/L recombinant TNF-α for 18 h significantly reduced core-associated HBV DNA compared with blank gourp (0.21∶1,t =8.79,P =0.002),while 20 μmol/L DEC significantly up-regulated core-associated HBV DNA (3.84∶ 1,t=7.67,P=0.004).Moreover,core-associated HBV DNA in group of DEC and TNF-α treatment was significantly higher than group of TNF-α treatment (0.31∶0.21,t=10.49,P=0.007).Conclusion Up-regulated PC mRNA expression induced by TNF-α is significantly associated with the inhibition of HBV replication.

Objective To make sure the effect of dialysate composition on HPMCs.Methods Cell strains were subculturing.There are six groups in this experiment: Group 1(control);group 2(4.25% Glucose);group 3(1.75mmol/L Ca~(2+));group 4(1.25 mmol/L Ca~(2+));group 5(4.25% Glucose+1.75mmol/L Ca~(2+));group 6(4.25% Glucose+1.25mmol/L Ca~(2+)).The capacity of proliferation of HPMCs was assessed by MTT assay. Results Proliferation of HPMCs was inhibited in 4.25% glucose group in time dependence.Ca~(2+) induce proliferation of HPMCs,however,no effect on proliferation of HPMCs exists in different Ca~(2+) group.Conclusion High glucose can inhibit cell proliferation;Ca~(2+)(1.75mmol/L,1.25mmol/L) can promote the proliferation and 1.25mmol/L is better.

OBJECTIVE:To establish a method for determining the content of Ornidazole gel by first-order derivative spectrophotometry.METHODS:The first-order derivative spectrophotometry was used to determine the content of Ornidazole gel at a wavelength of 259nm and 299nm.RESULTS:The linear range of Ornidazole was 4.01～44.1?g?mL-1.The average recovery was 101.6%,with RSD of 1.3%.CONCLUSIONS:This method can meet the requirements for quality control of Ornidazole gel both in terms of precision and accuracy.

A strain of Cellulosimicrobium cellulans Ha8 was studied on its morphological, biological characteristics and its utilization of several kinds of benzoic compounds, the results showed this strain was Gram-positive, the long rod-shaped cells were changed into short rod-shape gradually. pH value from pH 6.0 to pH 9.0 and the temperature from 20 ℃ to 40 ℃ were good for its growth. It could not only hydrolyze protein and starch, use cellulose and pectin, decomposite chitin, liquify gelatin and fix nitrogen, but also use phenol, xylene, benzoic, cinnamic acids and diphenlamine as the sole carbon resource for its growth. It could tolerate 0 mmol/L~30 mmol/L, 0 mmol/L~8 mmol/L, 0 mmol/L~30 mmol/L, 0 mmol/L~15 mmol/L and 0 mmol/L ~ 40 mmol/L of benzoic acids, phenol, xylene, cinnamic acids and diphenlamine seperately, but could not use 2,4-dinitrophenol, o-Nitrophenol, 2-Methoxyphenol, aminobenzenesulfonic acid, catechol and o-Phenanthroline as its sole carbon resource.

OBJECTIVE To study the HBV-DNA level and its replication with only HBsAb positive for transplantation. METHODS Serial serum samples were studied with the quantitative determination of HBV-DNA by a quantitative PCR assay and determination of HBsAb by ELISA. RESULTS The positive rate of HBV-DNA was 8.4% in the patients with only HBsAb positive and that was 11.11% in the patients who had not been injected with vaccine;the level of HBV-DNA in 11 samples was less than 10~4 copies/ml and five samples showed the amount between 10~4-10~6 copies/ml.The positive rate of HBV-DNA was 8.4% in the patients with only HBsAb positive and that was 11.11% in the patients who had not been injected with vaccine;the level of HBV-DNA in 11 samples was less than 10~4 copies/ml and five samples showed the level between 10~4-10~6 copies/ml. CONCLUSIONS Patients with only HBsAb positive are still infective,which should be paid attention in transplantation.

Objective To investigate whether functional Wnt-?-catenin signaling is present in activated hepatic stellate cells (HSC),and the effect of blocking this signaling on activation of HSC. Methods?-catenin expression in HSC was examined by immunocytochemistry.Wnt signalings in HSC-T6 were assessed using a T cell factor (TCF)-dependent luciferase reporter gene (pTOP- FLASH) assay.Wnt signalings in HSC-T6 were blocked by transfecting with a dominant negative TCF (dnTCF) expression plasmid,then the expression of alpha smooth muscle actin (?-SMA) and collagen typeⅠwere examined by Western blot.Results?-catenin staining was positive in the nuclei of HSC-T6.Luciferase activity in the cells transfected with pTOPFLASH was significantly higher than that in the cells transfected with pFOPFLASH (P