Objective To evaluate the clinical value of serum MUC1(sMUC1)in the patients with multiple myeloma.Methods The enzyme linked immunosorbent assay(ELISA)was used to compare the sMUC1 levels in the 12 cases of newly diagnosed multiple myeloma.15 cases of post-chemotherapy and 46 healthy donors.Results The mean concentration of sMUC1 in the newly diagnosed patients with multiple myeloma was 33.44 U/ml(10.86～88.80 U/ml).In the patients of post-chemotherapy the mean concentration was 11.6U/ml(3.92～22.22 U/ml),and in the healthy donors the concentration was 12.81 U/ml(3.84～30.45 U/ml).The level of sMUC1 in the new diagnosed patients was significandy higher than that in the patients of post-chemotherapy(P=0.001)and healthy donors(P=0.000).There was no significant difference between post-chemotherapy and healthy donors(P=0.461).Conclusion sMUC1 may be one of the tumor markers for the diagnosis of multiple myeloma.sMUC1 could also be used as one of the indicators of prognosis and the evaluation of the chemotherapy efficacy.sMUC1 might be a potential target for the immunotherapy to the patients with multiple myeloma.

Objective To discuss the ultrasound imaging of acardia twin before and after spontaneously blood blocked in twin reversed arterial perfusion sequence (TRAP), and to analyze the inlfuence factor for the prognosis of pump twin. Methods Seven TRAP with pump twins and acardia′s blood lfow blocked were diagnosed by US and autopsy in Hubei Women and Children′s Hospital between 2001 January to 2012 September. The ultrasound images, clinical data and pump twin’ outcome were analyzed. Results Ultrasound images showed skin edema, acardia, spine and lower limbs in seven acardia cases before blood blocked, among which 4 were acardius acephalus, 3 were acardius anceps. Single umbilical artery were detected in 7 cases with reversed umbilical artery perfusion toward fetus. Four cases had rare blood lfow (UA-PI ratio<0.7. Five acardia cases had slower growing rate than the pump twin. Ultrasound images showed no growing, no blood lfow in the acardia, the acardia twin became vagued in the second and third trimester, and ifnally developed into a paper fetus. A linear umbilical cord extend from umbilical region to placenta were found in 7 cases whose blood lfow were spontaneously blocked. Pump twin′s outcome:3 pump twins survived, 3 died in uterus, and 1 was induced labor due to hydrocephalus and cardiac failure. The most important factors that affected the prognosis of pump twin included:faster growing in acardia twin with less blood supply, abnormal brain and heart function in pump twin, chromosome abnormalities, abnormal amniotic fluid and cord entanglement. Conclusions Less blood flow and slow growth speed prompt in acardia twin suggested spontaneously acardia blood block. It is mandatory to monitor the pump twin after the spontaneous block of acardiac’s blood lfow.

BACKGROUND: Bone marrow mesenchymal stem cell (MSC) is a kind of stem cell with potential of self-repair and multi-differentiation. It may differentiate into neuron, adipose cell and osteoblasts.OBJECTIVE: To observe the transforming efficacy of human bone marrow mesencymal stem cells (hMSCs) into neurons in vitro in different generations so as to provide reliable experimental data for the clinical application of MSCs.DESIGN: Single sample was designed.SETTING: Department of Neurology, Sino-Japan Friendship Hospital,Jilin UniversityPARTICIPANTS: Marrow tissue was collected from 9 cases of spinal fusion in Department of Orthopedics of First Hospital affiliated to Jilin University. Of 9 cases, all of them were in known of the experiment.METHODS: The experiment was performed in Sino-Japan Hospital affiliated to Jilin University from September 2002 to February 2003. The primary and generative culture of hMSCs was given. Experimental and the control groups were divided.-mercaptoethanol was taken as inducer. hMSCs of the 2rd, 4th, 6th and 8th generations were selected for induction in vitro for 6 h. Cytochemistry staining and immunohistochemistry staining were used to assay the expressions of neuronal and astrocytic marked proteins.MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: ① Growth curve analysis on genera tive culture of hMSCs. ② Nissel staining. ③ Immunohistochemical staining.RESULTS: ① Common characters of generative culture: The latent phase of generative culture was 12-24 hours, exponential phase was 7-10 days and 11-13 days later, cell culture entered the platform phase. ② After induction of the 2nd, 4th and 6th generated hMSCs, deep blue granular Nissl body presented in cytoplasm. In 6 hours on the 8th induction, there was no obvious deep blue Nissl structure presented in cytoplasm.③ Except GFAP, NSE and NF-M were expressed in hMSCs of different generations after induction for 6 hours. There was no significant difference in positive rates of the 2nd, 4th and 6th generations (P ＞ 0.05), but the significant difference presented in comparison between the 8th generation and the 2nd, 4thand 6th generations (P ＜ 0.05). CONCLUSION:-mercaptoethanol can induce hMSCs differentiating into neuronal cells in vitro. The positive rates of the 2nd, 4th and 6th generationsare higher remarkably than the 8th generation.

Objective　To investigate the effect of ipratropi um bromide and atropine on airway mucin hypersecretion in the chronic bronchiti s model of rats. Methods　The model was established by intratrac heal instillation of small dose of lipopolysaccaride (200 μg) ipratropium bromi de and atropine were administrated 3-21 d after the model was established. Patho logical changes, mucin in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) and tracheal ring culture medium were examined before and after the adnsinistration of iprat ropium bromide and atropine. Results　Characteristic pathologica l manifestions of chronic brochitis were found after instillation of LPS. Sig nificant decrease in the number of tracheal epithelia goblet cells, secretion of mucin were observed in ipratropium bromide and atropine treated rats. The eff ect of inhibiting the secretion of mucin of ipratropium bromide was higher than atropine. Conclusion　It suggests that muscarinic acetylcholine receptor plays an important role in airway mucin hypersecretion in chronic bro nchitis model of rat. Ipratropium bromide exhibit a stronger inhibition effect on mucin hypersecretion than atropine, moreover no inhibition effect on mucocil iary clearance which was observed in atropine.

ObjectiveTo investigate the value of CEUS in differential diagnosis of benign and malignant thyroid solid lesions.MethodsTotally 45 patients with thyroid solid lesions underwent CEUS examination.The enhancement mode and blood perfusion characteristics of malignant and benign lesions were analyzed,and the results were compared with pathology.ResultsCEUS diagnosed 31 benign lesions and 14 malignant masses.The diagnostic accordance rate of CEUS was 93.75％ (30/32) and 92.31％ (12/13) for benign and malignant lesions respectively.In 31 benign lesions,27 (27/31,87.10 ％) showed entire homogeneous enhancement,4 (4/31,12.90％) presented inhomogeneous enhancement.In 14 malignant masses,1 (1/14,7.14 ％) showed homogeneous hypoechoic enhancement,12 (12/14,85.71％) presented inhomogeneous hyperechoic enhancement and 1 (1/14,7.14％) presented non-enhancement.ConclusionCombined with two-dimensional grey scale ultrasound and CDFI,CEUS enables dynamic observation of the microvascular perfusion of thyroid lesions,therefore helps to differentiate benign and malignant thyroid lesions.

This paper primarily discusses such information of microwave-induced thermoacoustic tomography a new medical functional imaging method as its principle hardware structure reconstruction algorithm and imaging results in which research and advance of Wang LV's research team are introduced. The application perspective of microwave-induced thermoacoustic tomography is also included.

Objective To report the therapeutic results of Hybrid external fixator in treatment of open metaphyseal fractures of the tibia.Methods From March 2000 to July 2004,19 cases of proximal tibial meta- physeal fractures and six cases of Pilon fractures were treated with Hybrid external fixators.By Gustilo classification, eight cases were of typeⅡ,10 typeⅢA,five typeⅢB and two typeⅢC.The wounds were closed directly after thorough debridement in 21 cases,and closed by pedicled flap transposition or free flap transplantation in four. Fasciotomy was performed in three.Closed indirect reduction of the fractures was done in 11 cases,while open reduction was carried out through an extended wound or a limited incision in 14.Anatomical reduction was done for the articular fractures,if any,and Hybrid external fixators were employed to stabilize fractures in all the cases in this series.Results All the patients had a mean follow-up of 15.7 months (ranging from 9 to 26 months) which re- vealed bone union of the fracture in all cases with a mean healing time of 8.8 months.Two patients had their external fixators replaced with plates and iliac bone graft to get fracture union.The fixators were removed 2.9 to 21 months (mean,9.4 months) after operation.Except for two cases of secondary healing,all the wounds healed primarily without serious complication,such as infection.The final follow-up revealed a knee motion range of more than 90?in 15 cases,less than 70?in four,whose knee motion range was improved to more than 90?after knee release performed one year later.In all the six cases of Pilon fractures,the ankle joint recovered normal range of motion.Traumatic arthritis occurred in two cases of Piion fracture 11 months after operation.Evaluation by Rasmussen's functional and radiological scoring system demonstrated excellent knee function in 13 cases,good in three,fair in two and poor in one,with a good to excellent rate of 84.2%.The ankle function was excellent in three cases,good in two and poor in one,with a good to excellent rate of 83.3%.Conclusions In treatment of open tibial metaphyseal fractures, the Hybrid external fixator can well maintain the stability of the fragments with a low incidence of soft tissue com- plications and insignificant interference with the knee motion.However the bone healing time can be prolonged with a definite rate of nonunion.

AIM: To assess the effect of raloxifene, a selective estrogen modulator, on the transcriptional activity of estrogen responsive element (ERE) in vascular endothelial cells. METHODS: Vascular endothelial cells were transfected with ERE-TK-Luc reporter plasmid and PRL-SV40 control plasmid via FuGENE 6. The activities of firefly luciferase and renilla luciferase were measured with dual-luciferase reporter assay system. The transcriptional activity in transfected cells treated with raloxifene was compared with that in untreated cells. Furthermore, raloxifene was used to cotreat the cells with estradiol (E_2) and the influence of raloxifene to the effect of E_2 was assessed. RESULTS: Compared to untreated cells, the luciferase activity in cells treated with raloxifene decreased and showed significance at concentration of 10~(-7)mol/L (P

Objective To investigate the clinical and CT manifestations of iatrogenic hepatic subcapsular biloma (HSB).Methods Seven cases with iatrogenic HSB confirmed by paracentesis in our hospital,and 18 reported in literatures were enrolled into this study.Their clinical and CT manifestations were retrospectively analyzed.Results Of the 25 cases,9 were secondary to laparoscopic cholecystectomy (LC),5 were secondary to percutaneous transhepatic choleductus drainage (PTCD),4 were secondary to percutaneous transhe-patic removal of bile duct stones,2 were secondary to open cholecystectomy,and 5 were secondary to other surgeries.CT showed localized or diffused hepatic subcapsular fluid collection with crescent-shaped or sac-shaped.The hepatic volume decreased and the surface was compressed in some of the cases with diffused fluid collection.Conclusion When localized or diffused hepatic subcapsular fluid collection was detected in CT imaging after liver or gallbladder surgeries (especially LC and PTCD),HSB should be considered.Paracentesis should be performed as soon as possible.

Objective To investigate the influence of hepatectomy combined with splenectomy on curative effect of primary hepatocellular carcinoma patients associated with hypersplenism.Methods Twenty three cases of primary hepatocellular carcinoma associated with hypersplenism were analyzed retrospectively and divided into hepatectomy combined with splenectomy group (n=10) and hepatectomy combined with ligation of splenic artery (n=13). Peripheral blood samples were collected 1 week before operation and 3 monthes after operation respectively. The levels of CD4, CD8, CD16, CD4/CD8, WBC and PLT in the blood were detected. Survival rate between the two groups was compared. Results There were not significant differences in the expressional levels of CD4, CD8, CD16, CD4/CD8,WBC and PLT before operation, bleeding quantity during the operation and rate of severe complications after operation in the two groups. The expressional levels of CD4, CD16, CD4/CD8, WBC and PLT of hepatectomy combined with splenectomy group were much higher in 3 months after operation than those in 1 week before operation and in hepatectomy combined with ligation of splenic artery group (P