OBJECTIVETo study the current status and risk factors of spontaneous abortion of women at reproductive age in rural areas of Shaanxi province.

METHODSPregnant women who lived in Changwu and Bin counties of Shaanxi province were interviewed on their former reproductive history and being followed on the outcomes of pregnancy from 2002 to 2005.

RESULTSThere were 5844 pregnant women under study with a total number of 9638 pregnancies including 1153 spontaneous abortive episodes. Among the pregnant women in rural areas of Shaanxi province, the ratio between spontaneous abortion and pregnancies was 12.0% and the spontaneous abortion rate(SAR) was 13.6%. Ratio between the number of women who had experienced spontaneous abortion and the total number of women under survey was 16.4 %. The risks of having spontaneous abortion would increase among women who were aged > or =30 years and those with more than 3 pregnancies.

CONCLUSIONTo reduce the incidence of spontaneous abortion among rural area women, the approaches should include: strengthening the family planning management, reducing of the frequency of pregnancy, extending the pregnancy interval and avoiding advanced ageing pregnancies.

Abortion, Induced ; Abortion, Spontaneous ; epidemiology ; Adult ; China ; Female ; Humans ; Pregnancy ; Reproduction ; Risk Factors ; Rural Health ; Young Adult

OBJECTIVETo explore effective pretreated methods for hydrosalpinx before frozen embryo transfer (FET).

METHODSA randomized controlled study was performed on 229 FET cycles of hydrosalpinx patients. They were assigned to two groups by random digit table, Group A (94 cases), Group B (89 cases), and Group C (46 cases). Patients in Group A received transvaginal aspiration of hydrosalpinx combined with auricular point sticking. Those in Group B received transvaginal aspiration of hydrosalpinx group. Those in Group C received no transvaginal aspiration of hydrosalpinx. Pregnancy outcomes of FET, endometrial and subendometrial blood flow distribution on the embryo transfer day were compared among the three groups.

RESULTSThere was no statistical difference in the endometrial thickness on FET day, the number of transfer embryos, the number of transferred good quality embryos among the three groups (P > 0.05). The clinical pregnancy rate and the embryo implantation rate were significantly higher in Group A than in Group C (P < 0.05), and the clinical pregnancy rate was significantly higher in Group A than in Group B (P < 0.05). The early abortion rate and the transfer cycle cancel rate were significantly lower in Group A than in Group C (P < 0.05). Type A endometrial and subendometrial blood flow distribution was dominant in Group A, which was significantly higher in Group A than the rest two groups (P < 0.05). Type A distribution rate was also significantly higher in Group B than in Group C (P < 0.05).

CONCLUSIONTransvaginal aspiration of hydrosalpinx combined with auricular point sticking before FET could improve the endometrial receptivity and improve outcomes of IVF.

Embryo Implantation ; Embryo Transfer ; methods ; Female ; Fertilization in Vitro ; methods ; Humans ; Pregnancy ; Pregnancy Outcome ; Pregnancy Rate

Histone deacetylase was overexpressed in a variety of cancers and was closely correlated with oncogenic factors. The histone deacetylase inhibitor, trichostatin A (TSA) was shown to induce apoptosis in many cancer cells. However, the mechanism of TSA on induction of cancer cells apoptosis is poorly understood. This study was designed to characterize the global gene expression profiles before and after treatment of human leukemia cell line Molt-4 with TSA. Flow cytometry, MTT and DNA ladder were used to observe the effect of TSA on the apoptosis of MOLT-4 cells and normal human peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC). Microarray, reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) and Western blotting were used to detect the difference of gene and protein expressions of Molt-4 cells after incubation of the cells with TSA. The results showed that TSA could induce Molt-4 apoptosis in dose- and time-dependent manners but spared PBMCs. Microarray analysis showed that after incubation with TSA for 9 h, 310 genes were upregulated and 313 genes were deregulated. These genes regulate the growth, differentiation and survival of cells. Among these genes, STAT5A was down-regulated by 80.4% and MYC was down-regulated by 77.3%. It was concluded that TSA has definite growth-inhibiting and apoptosis-inducing effects on Molt-4 cells in time- and dose-dependent manners, with weak cytotoxic effects on PBMCs at the same time. The mechanism of TSA selectively inducing apoptosis and inhibiting growth may be ascribed to the changes of pro-proliferation genes and anti-apoptosis genes.

Aim To investigate the up-regulation of miR-22 through Wnt pathway inhibits the proliferation,migration and invasion in human gastric MGC803 cells induced by diallyl disulfide(DADS).Methods The effects of proliferation,migration,and invasion of gastric cancer cells were evaluated by MTT,wound-healing and invasion assays.Online prediction software was applied to search the target gene of miR-22.Luciferase report gene assay was used to assess the target genes Wnt-1 of miR-22.The expressions of Wnt-1,β-catenin and TCF-4 were tested by qRT-PCR and Western blot,respectively.Results MTT showed that DADS and miR-22 notably decreased the proliferation compared with control group(P<0.05).Wound-healing assay showed that DADS and miR-22 could significantly inhibit the migration of MGC803 cells compared with the control group, especially in miR-22+DADS(P<0.05). Invasion assay showed that DADS and miR-22 could markedly inhibit the invasion of MGC803 cells compared with the control group, especially in miR-22+DADS(P<0.05). Online prediction software to search the target gene exhibited that Wnt-1 may be a target gene of miR-22. Luciferase report gene assay disclosed that Wnt-1 was identified as a direct target of miR-22. Qrt-PCR showed that the expression of Wnt-1 Mrna was respectively down-regulated by DADS and miR-22 compared withcontrol group, especially in miR-22+DADS(P<0.05). Western blot exhibited that DADS and miR-22 obviously suppressed the expressions of Wnt-1, β-catenin and TCF-4 proteins, especially in miR-22+DADS(P<0.05).Conclusion Up-regulation of miR-22 through Wnt pathway can remarkably suppress the proliferation, migration and invasion in MGC803 cells by DADS.

A strain was isolated from internal organ of died porcine about 8 weeks with purulent pneumonia,arthritis,pyogenic arthritis and endocarditis in April 2007.Objectives of the study are to confirm the genus of the strain,pathopoiesis,and drug sensitivity.The mainly study methods:the first,the strain was identified by the phenotype and the characteristics of the biochemistry,sequence 16S rDNA genes of the strain was analyzed by molecular biology technology,finally animal experiment and drug sensitivity testing were done.The results of the phenotype and the characteristics of the biochemistry showed that it is greatly similar to Actinomyces hyovaginalis,16S rRNA sequence analysis exhibited the homology achieved to 99.2% com-pared with group III strains of Actinomyces hyovaginalis,and the phyletic evolution analysis also indicated that it has mostly relationship with group III strains of Actinomyces hyovaginalis.Animal experiment dis-covered it has highly pathogenicity to Mus musculus albus;Drug sensitivity testing showed that it is hyper-sensitive to Erycin,Gentamicin and Amikacin.So,the result of the study confirmed that the strain is Actin-omyces hyovaginalis III with the pathogenicity.

Accidents ; statistics & numerical data ; Causality ; Child ; Child, Preschool ; China ; epidemiology ; Female ; Humans ; Infant ; Infant, Newborn ; Male ; Risk Factors ; Rural Population ; Wounds and Injuries ; epidemiology

OBJECTIVETo study the clinical effect of development theory based acupuncture on early cerebral palsy (CP) infants with parafunctional sitting position.

METHODSTotally 120 early CP infants were randomly assigned to two groups equally, the treatment group and the control group. All received acupuncture combined with training rehabilitation. Patients in the treatment group adopted acupuncture based on infants development theory, while those in the control group were treated by head acupuncture. Sitting functional points in Gross motor function measure (GMFM) 88 were observed in different groups and infant patients of various types before and after treatment. Root mean square (RMS) signals of sitting correlated muscles (latissimus dorsi, erector spinae, rectus abdominis) were recorded by surface electromyography (sEMG). The effective rate was evaluated by Nimodipine method.

RESULTSCompared with before treatment, sitting functional points were significantly improved in the two groups (P<0.01). After treatment, it was higher in the treatment group than in the control group (P<0.01). The advance amplitude was higher in CP infants of the spastic type and the hypotonic type than other types (P<0.01). Along with sitting process, latissimus dorsi RMS signals were gradually tapered, erector spinae RMS signals were gradually enhanced, and rectus abdominis RMS signals were slightly weakened. Compared with the control group, latissimus dorsi RMS signals obviously decreased, and erector spinae RMS signals obviously increased in the treatment group after treatment (all P<0.01). The total effective rate was higher in the treatment group than in the control group (89.29% vs. 77.78%, P<0.05).

CONCLUSIONInfants development theory based acupuncture could effectively elevate dorsi-extensor muscles force, improve sitting position of 8 months to 1 year old CP infants with parafunctional sitting position.

Acupuncture Therapy ; methods ; Cerebral Palsy ; therapy ; Female ; Humans ; Infant ; Male ; Medicine ; Posture ; Research ; Spine

Objectives To synthesize hepatitis B virus e gene which was suitable for yeast protein expression and express hepatitis B virus e antigen (HBeAg) in Pichia pastoris.Methods Using synonymous codons preferred by yeast usage on protein expression to replace some native codons of wild-type HBV e gene,the synthetic e gene (syneAg-gene) was achieved by a recursive PCR (rPCR).The syneAg- gene was inserted into the yeast expression vector pPICZ?A.The recombinant plasmid was transformed into GS115 yeast by electroporation.The yeast transformant induced by methanol expressed the HBeAg.Results The restriction analysis and DNA sequencing confirmed that the syneAg-gene was inserted to yeast pPICZ?A in correct orientation.SDS-PAGE,immunoblot and ELISA indicated that the secreted form of HBeAg was expressed by the yeast transformant.The expression level of HBeAg in the strain containing syneAg-gene was 63 mg/L.The titer of the recombinant HBeAg in culture superuatant was 1 :81 920 and the maximum OD (optical density) value of absorbance was 2.8 by ELISA.No cross reactivity between Pichia pastoris-derived HBeAg and anti-HBc antibody was found.Conclusion The recombinant HBeAg with high degree of specificity and immunoreactivity is expressed efficiently in Pichia pastoris.

ObjectiveTo investigate the correlation between the gross motor function and the clinical types and complications of children with cerebral palsy (CP).MethodsThe gross motor function of 126 CP children were measured by Gross Motor Function Classification System (GMFCS). Then the correlation between gross motor function, and clinical types and complications was analyzed.ResultsThere was a strong correlation between GMFCS and clinical types and complications ( P<0.001). GMFCS evaluation showed that 55.1% spastic children were categorized into levels Ⅰ and Ⅱ; 53.8% of dyskinetic and 85.7% of mixed children were categorized into levels Ⅳ and Ⅴ; 55.4% of diplegic and total hemiplegic children were categorized into levels Ⅰ and Ⅱ; 67.4% of tetraplegic and 55.6% complex hemiplegic children were categorized into levels Ⅳ and Ⅴ; 100% children with normal developmental quotient (DQ) and 91.6% above borderline of DQ were classified into levels Ⅰ and Ⅱ. The mental impairment was more severe; the levels of GMFCS were more higher. There were more visual impairment, hearing disorder, speech disability, feeding problem and epilepsy in children with levels Ⅲ, Ⅳ and Ⅴ than that with levels Ⅰ and Ⅱ.ConclusionThere is a significant correlation between GMFCS and clinical type and complications of CP, and the categorization of GMFCS is higher, the complications are more.

Abstract: Objective　To investigate the drug demand and related influencing factors of AIDS non-occupational post-exposure prophylaxis (nPEP) among men who have sex with men (MSM) in Wuhan, and to provide a scientific basis for the development of subsequent intervention policies for MSM. Methods　With the assistance of social organizations in Wuhan, MSM was recruited by the snowball method to carry out an online questionnaire survey to collect information on demographics, AIDS-related knowledge, high-risk behaviors, and the need for nPEP medication. The χ2 test and unconditional Logistic regression were used to analyze the related factors of the demand for nPEP medication. Results　A total of 308 valid subjects were included in this study, with predominantly 18-29 years old (78.57%, 242/308). The self-reported sexual orientation was mainly homosexuality (82.47%, 254/308), and the awareness rate of AIDS knowledge was high (89.29%, 275/308). Among the survey respondents, 35.06% (108/308) did not know the situation of HIV infection among MSM population in Wuhan; 55.19% (170/308) had two or more same-sex sexual partners in the last six months; 90.91% (280/308) had heard of nPEP before participating in this survey. After passing nPEP and informing the protective effect of nPEP, 59.42% (183/308) of them needed nPEP. After HIV exposure, 73.38% (226/308) were willing to spend money to buy nPEP drugs, and 88.64% (273/308) were willing to take nPEP drugs because of the known side effects. Logistic regression analysis showed that in the last six months, the needs for taking nPEP medication in those who had 2 or more same-sex sexual partners (OR=2.121, 95%CI: 1.329-3.386) and who had received peer education (OR=1.740, 95%CI: 1.088-2.781) were higher than those of those who had a same-sex sexual partner in the last six months and who had not received peer education. Conclusions　The MSM population in Wuhan has a great demand for nPEP drugs, and peer education is an important way to carry out nPEP publicity and promotion. At the same time, we should continue to strengthen warning publicity and education and behavioral intervention to reduce MSM risky sexual behaviors and reduce new HIV infections.