Objective To evaluate the value of p504S,CK34?E12 and p63 immunostaining for the diagnosis of benign and malignant lesions of the prostate. Methods Expression of p504S、CK34?E12 and p63 in benign and malignant lesions of the prostate was observed by microwave SP immunohistochemical method. Results Continuous positive expression of CK34?E12 and p63 was found in the acini and ducts of most benign prostatic hyperplasia, and few cases showed interrupted expression, but p504S staining presented negative reaction; Interrupted expression of CK34?E12 and p63 was found in high prostatic intraepithelial neoplasia cases, and was weekly positive or negative for p504S; CK34?E12 and p63 staining was positive in five atypical adenomatous hyperplasia cases, one case presented focally positive reaction by p504S; CK34?E12 and p63 staining was negative in forty prostatic carcinoma, but positive by p504S;The gleason histologic grading of prostate carcinoma was negatively related to expression of p504S. Conclusion Combined detection of p504S、CK34?E12 and p63 can be most helpful for diagnosis of prostate carcinoma, especially in needle biopsy specimen.

Arrhythmias, Cardiac ; physiopathology ; Electromyography ; methods ; Female ; Humans ; Infant, Newborn ; Male

Objective To investigate the expression of NDRG1 and its relationship to differentiation level and metastasis in prostate cancer. Methods The expression NDRG1 was examined by immunohistochemistry LSAB method in 86 samples of prostate cancer and benigh prostate hyperplasia. Results The NDRG1 was shown to be highly expressed in 30(73.3%)of prostate cancer and 70.0%of benign prostate hyperplasia.There were no evident difference between prostate cancer and prestate hyperplasia(P＞0.05).The expression of NDRG1 was gradually reduction with the Gleason score from 2-4 to 5-7 to 8-10 in prostate cancer, which was statistical significance(P＜0.05).The expression of NDRG1 in lymph node or bone metastasis was significantly lower than that in no metastasis of prostate cancer. There was a negative correlation between the expression of NDRG1 and lymph node or bone metastasis. The age had no correlation with the expression of NDRG1(P＞0.05).Conclusion NDRG1 is involved in the genesis and development of prostate cancer, which may be related to the differentiation level of prostate cancer and serve as a useful marker for early diagnosis of cancer and metastasis.

Humans ; Medicine ; Medicine, Chinese Traditional ; methods

AIM: To investigate the effects of irbesartan on acute myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury and on expression of ICAM-1 and VCAM-1 in myocardial ischemia-reperfusion areas in rabbits. METHODS: Anterior descending branch of left coronary artery (LAD) was ligated in ischemia-reperfusion (IR) group but not in the sham group. Rabbits of IR group were subjected to 60 min of LAD occlusion, and 360 min of reperfusion. In the treated group, the rabbits were given irbesartan until the trial ended. Then, all rabbits were killed and tissue samples were removed from IR areas. After disposed with routine histological methods and stained with hematoxylin and eosin (HE), these samples were examined by light microscopy. The expression of ICAM-1 and VCAM-1 were also investigated by employing immunohistochemical SP method in the tissue samples. RESULTS: Degree of damage in cardiocytes and of neutrophil infiltration were more serious in IR group than those in sham group (P

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the impurity profile of cloxacillin sodium for injection and study the source of major impurities. METHODS: The impurities in samples from seven manufacturers were profiled by an optimized reversed-phase HPLC method and a newly established normal-phase HPLC method. The major impurities were prepared by semi preparation technology and identified by LC-QTOF-MS, 1H-NMR and 13C-NMR. RESULTS: Two new impurities relating with the salt-forming reaction and the purification process respectively, and four other new impurities were all successfully identified in this study. CONCLUSION: The study is suitable for profiling the impurities in cloxacillin sodium for injection and is quite useful for enhancing the quality control.

Objective To quantify aqueous flare and cells in the eyes of healthy subjects and to evaluate the effect of age and sex on the blood aqueous barrier. Design Prospective case series. Participants Four hundred and forty-two eyes of 221 healthy sub- jects. Methods Aqueous flare and cells of 442 eyes were evaluated with FC-2000 laser flare cell meter (LFCM). Main Outcome Mea- sures Aqueous flare and cells. Results The mean flare values of all of eyes was 4.7?2.9 pc/ms, it was 3.1 pc/ms in the age group of less than 10 years, 3.8 pc/ms in the age group of 40-49 years and 11.0 pc/ms in the age group of 80 years or over. The mean flare val- ues in the age groups of 50 years or over were significantly higher than that in the age group of 40-49 years (P

By using whole blood selenium, 24 hr urinary selenium and hair selenium contents as the indices of assessing human selenium status, it was found that the populations in the endemic areas of Keshan disease were practically in a selenium poor status. The selenium contents in locally grown staple grains and daily diets in the endemic areas were also lower than those in the non-endemic areas. In an area covering a cross section of Keshan disease geographic belt in our country, the hair selenium contents of agricultural populations were measured. The results indicated that all the hair selenium contents in the endemic sites were always at a lower level, whereas those in the non-endemic sites distant from the endemic areas were generally at a higher level; they decreased gradually until the endemic areas were reached; and finally, along the contiguous region of the endemic and non-endemic areas they were insignificantly different.The hair selenium contents among the agricultural populations were significantly lower than those among the non-agricultural ones in the same endemic areas. However, no regular correlation had been observed between the seasonal prevalence of Keshan disease and the variation of hair selenium contents in the same populations living in the same endemic sites.It is considered that the endemic areas of the disease seem to be a Se-deficiency belt, and Se-deficiency probably might be a pathogenic geo-gen in the prevalence of Keshan disease.

AIMTo elevate the encapsulation efficiency, decrease the burst release and improve the release of protein entrapped in poly (lactic-co-glycolic acid) (PLGA) microspheres. The bovine serum albumin (BSA) composite microspheres of alginate-chitosan-PLGA were prepared and the release characteristics of BSA from this composite microspheres were studied.

METHODSThe much smaller calcium alginate microcapsules were first prepared by a modified emulsification method in an isopropyl alcohol-washed way and coated with chitosan, then the alginate-chitosan microcapsules were further entrapped in PLGA to form the composite microspheres. The protein concentration was determined using a BCA protein assay kit. The release profiles were changed with various formulation factors.

RESULTSThe average diameter of the composite microcapsules was about 30 microm. Comparing with 60% to 70% of the conventional PLGA microspheres, the average encapsulation efficiency was more than 80%, and the burst releases in phosphate buffer solution of the composite microspheres decreased from 40% and 50% to 25% and further to 5% in saline solution.

CONCLUSIONThe novel composite microspheres were prepared, the drug encapsulation efficiency increased and the burst release decreased. The desired release profiles could be obtained by regulating the ratios of PLG and PLA in the composite microspheres.

Alginates ; chemistry ; Chitosan ; chemistry ; Drug Delivery Systems ; methods ; Lactic Acid ; chemistry ; Microspheres ; Particle Size ; Polyglycolic Acid ; chemistry ; Polymers ; chemistry ; Serum Albumin, Bovine ; chemistry

The chemical constituents from the fruiting bodies of Lyophyllum decastes (Fr.) Singer were studied in this paper. Thirteen compounds were isolated and purified by column chromatographies on silica gel and Sephadex LH-20. Their structures were identified by MS and NMR data analysis as adenosine (1), 2R, 3S, 4S, 8E)-2-[(2'R)-2-hydroxyheneicosanoylamino]-8-octadecene-1, 3, 4-triol (2), (2R, 3S, 4S, 8E)-2-[(2'R)-2-hydroxypentacosanoylamino]-8-octadecene-1, 3, 4-triol (3), nicotinic acid (4), (4E, 8E) -2-N-2-hydroxytetracosanoyl-1-O-beta-D-glycopyranosyl-9-methyl-4, 8-sphingadienine (5), D-mannitol (6), ergosteryl-3-O-beta-D-glucopyranoside (7), tuberoside (8), (2R, 3S, 4S, 8E)-2-[(2'R)-2-hydroxybehenoylamino]-8-octadecene-1, 3, 4-triol (9),(2R, 3S, 4S, 8E)-2-[(2'R) -2-hydroxytricosanoylamino] -8-octadecene-1, 3, 4-triol (10), (22E, 24R)-ergosta-7, 22-dien-3beta, 5alpha, 6beta-triol (11), (22E, 24R)-ergosta-5, 7, 22-trien-3beta-ol (12), and 5alpha, 8alpha-epidiory-(22E, 24R)-ergosta-6, 22-dien-3beta-ol (13), respectively. All the above compounds are first obtained from the mushroom and compounds 2-10 are reported to be obtained from the Lyophyllum for the first time.
Agaricales ; chemistry ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; chemistry ; Fruit ; chemistry