This study was aimed to observe the effect of emodin on cisplatin-induced renal tubular epithelial cells (NRK-52E) injury,in order to explore its possible molecular mechanisms.Firstly,effects of emodin on cisplatin-induced morphological changes in NRK-52E cells were observed.Secondly,the apoptosis-related protein expression of Caspase-3 and cleaved Caspase-3 were detected after the treatment of cisplatin alone or cisplatin together with emodin by western blot.Then,the expression of microtubule-associated protein 1 light chain 3 (LC3) Ⅱ/Ⅰ was detected after the treatment of emodin or rapamycin at different time points by western blot.Changes of pmRFP-LC3 fluorescent particles were observed by fluorescence microscopy.And effects of rapamycin on cellular morphological changes were observed in the environment of cisplatin.Finally,effects of emodin on the activation of AMPK and mTOR signal pathway were further observed,which is considered as the upstream of autophagy signaling pathway.The results showed that cisplatin can induce morphological changes in NRK-52E cell,which was obviously ameliorated by the intervention of emodin.Additionally,the increased protein expression of cleaved Caspase-3 induced by cisplatin was obviously reduced after the intervention of emodin.The LC3-Ⅱ/LC3-Ⅰ ratio was significantly increased after the treatment of emodin or rapamycin at different time points.Rapamycin can significantly ameliorate NRK-52E cell apoptosis induced by cisplatin.Simultaneously,the number of pmRFP-LC3 fluorescent particles increased after the treatment of emodin.As the extension of time by intervention of emodin,the protein expression of p-mTOR was significantly reduced.In contrast,the protein expression of p-AMPK was significantly increased.It was concluded that emodin can ameliorate cisplatininduced apoptosis in NRK-52E cells.Its potential mechanism may be attributed to the activation of autophagy by regulating AMPK/mTOR signaling pathway.And thus,it played a role in renal protective effects.

Head and Neck Neoplasms ; pathology ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Neurilemmoma ; pathology ; Neurofibroma ; pathology ; Scalp ; pathology

Objective To evaluate the repeatability and agreement of two optical biometers (Lenstar LS900 (R) and SW-9000) for ocular biometry in Chinese adolescents.Methods A prospective study was conducted which included 65 ametropic patients,with an average age of (11.45 ± 2.67) years (age ranging from 8 to 18 years).The ocular biometry for right eyeball was performed with Lenstar LS900 (R) and SW-9000 respectively,followed by evaluation of the repeatability of the two biometers using one-way analysis of variance,and the agreement of the two instruments using the Bland-Altman plot.Results The repeatability of parameters measured by Lenstar LS900 (R),including axial length (AL),K value in the flattest meridian (K1),K value in the steepest meridian (K2),central corneal thickness (CCT),anterior depth (AD),lens thickness (LT),pupil diameter (PD),was well,and all intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) ＞ 0.9;the repeatability of white to white (WTW) was inferior to other parameters,but it was still ＞0.88.The repeatability of AL,K1,K2,CCT measured by SW-9000 was good,with their ICC ＞ 0.9,but the repeatability of other parameters was poor.The parameters with good repeatability including AL,K1,K2,CCT measured by SW-9000 and Lenstar LS900 (R) were compared respectively,and the results showed that AL and CCT examined by SW-9000 were slightly longer than those measured by Lenstar LS900 (R),and the difference was statistically significant (all P ＜ 0.05).However,there was no significant difference about K1,K2 (all P＞0.05).Moreover,the AL,K1,K2 and CCT measured by the two instruments had close linear correlation (all r ＞0.97,all P ＜0.01).The BlandAltman plot showed that 95％ LoA (limits of agreement) of AL was (-0.057 to 0.133) mm,K1 was (-0.456 to 0.369) D,K2 was (-0.388 to 0.549) D and CCT was (-3.483 to 8.016) μm.Conclusion Biometric parameters including AL,K1,K2,CCT measured by Lenstar LS900 (R) and SW-9000 have good repeatability in the adolescents aged 8-18 years and they are highly correlated;meanwhile,the agreement of AL,K1,K2,CCT measured by SW-9000 with Lenstar LS900 (R) is acceptable in clinical practices.

Catheter Ablation ; methods ; Humans ; Hypertension ; surgery ; Renal Artery ; Sympathectomy ; methods

Objective To investigate.the survival rates in a follow-up group of patient with primary liver cancer.Methods The follow-up data of new primary liver cancer cases between year 2001-2004 in Xuhui district was investigated.The age distribution of patients was described.Survival rate was analyzed with single and multiple Cox proportional hazards regression model,respectively.Results The age proportion distribution of patients showed double apexes with one in age 45～50 and another in age 70～75.The arithmetic mean of survival month was 16.4 with 95%CI 14.8～18.1 and median month was 6.9.It was no significance between male and female.Patients who had liver operation owned longer survival time,RR=0.315 5(95%CI 0.243 2～ 0.4093).The sutdy showed 5-year survival rate was 40.90%and 3.95%for patients with or without operation,respectively.It had no significant effect on survival time by gender,age and family history.Conclusion The screening test and intervention in high-risk people shall be done preferentially before peak age,so as to find primary liver cancer earlier,and the more patients can accept a suitable surgery care,the more they can obtain longer survival time.

BackgroundThe favorable effect of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) on the reconstruction of injured corneas have been reported,but the mechanism remains unclear.ObjectiveThis study was to evaluate the anti-inflammatory and antiangiogenic effect after transplantation of BMSCs in chemically burned corneas.Methods BMSCs were isolated and extracted from the bone marrow.The cells were cultured and passaged and then were seeded on the amniotic membrane.Corneal alkali injury models were created in 18 clean SD rats by sticking the filter paper containing 1 mol/L NaOH at the central cornea for 40 seconds.The rats were then randomized into 3 groups.Amniotic membrane with BMSCs or amniotic membrane without BMSCs were transplanted in 1 week after the establishment of models,and the rats without transplantation were used as the control group.The severity of corneal lesion was graded,and angiogenesis area was measured 2 weeks after the transplantation.The expression of interleukin-2 ( IL-2 ),interferon-γ(IFN-γ),IL-10 and transforming growth factor-β ( TGF-β ) were examined by ELISA,and the mRNA of the matrix metalloproteinase-2 ( MMP-2 ),vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF),epidermal growth factor(EGF) and basic fibroblast growth factor(bFGF) were analyzed by real-time PCR.ResultsThe positive rates of the cells were 99.78％ and 99.79％ for CD90 and CD29,7.90％,1.16％ and 1.28％ for CD34,CD45 and CDllba.The cells grew well on the amniotic membrane.The corneal inflammatory score and neovascularization area were similar among the three groups ( F =0.021,P-- 0.979 ; F =0.076,P =0.927 ).However,the corneal inflammatory score was significantly reduced and neovascularization area was significantly less in the amniotic membrane group compared with the BMSCs group and control group(P=0.011,0.001 ;P=0.005,0.000).The levels of IL-2 and IFN-γ secreted by Th1 cells were decreased (P =0.000,0.002;P =0.003,0.045 ) and the levels of IL-10 and TGF-β secreted by Th2 cells were increased in the BMSCs group compared with the amniotic membrane and control group ( P =0.000,0.000 ; P =0.000,0.021 ).No significant difference was found in VEGF expression among three groups( F=4.880,P =0.056).But the mRNA of the MMP-2 and bFGF were lower in the BMSCs group than the amniotic membrane group(P=0.009,0.003 ) and control group(P＜0.01 ).Conclusions BMSCs modulate the expression of inflammatory-related and angiogenic-related cytokines and therefore play the antiinflammatory and anti-angiogenic effects in the chemically burned cornea.

AlM: To monitor long - term changes of matrix metalloproteinase-2 ( MMP-2 ) in human tears fluid after laser in situ keratomileusis ( LASlK) .
METHODS: Thirty - two myopia cases ( 64 eyes ) underwent uneventful LASlK were enrolled in the study. Tear fluid were collected and MMP-2 expression was analyzed by Western - bolt assay preoperatively and postoperatively on 15d, at 1, 3mo, and 1a.
RESULTS:LASlK increased the concentration of MMP-2 in human tear fluid. At 15d postoperatively, the magnitude of MMP-2 was 1. 4 times that of preoperative, thereafter subsided, but didn't return to preoperative level by 3mo ( P < 0. 05 ). Up to 1a after surgery, the concentration of MMP-2 almost recovered (P>0. 05).
CONCLUSlON: MMP- 2 is significantly expressed in human tear fluid after LASlK, then subsided with time, but didn't return to preoperative level by 3mo and almost recovered up to 1a, indicating wound healing of LASlK would continue up at least 3mo after surgery and almost recovered 1a postoperatively.

Objective To study the effects of nuclear factor-?B(NF-?B)decoy oligodeoxynucleotide(ODN)on the preeclamptic umbilical serum induced expression of precollagen Ⅰ,Ⅲ mRNA and tumor necrosis factor-?(TNF-?)in cultured human umbilical artery smooth muscle cells (HUASMC).Methods Primary cultured HUASMC of normal pregnancy were divided into four groups: group A(HUASMC were incubated with umbilical serum of normal pregnancy);group B(HUASMC were incubated with umbilical serum of preeclampsia);group C(HUASMC were transfected with NF-?B cis decoy ODN 48 h before incubation with umbilical serum of preeclampsia);group D(HUASMC were transfected with NF-?B scramble ODN 24 h before incubation with umbilical serum of preeclampsia).NF-?B cis decoy ODN and NF-?B scramble ODN were transfected with cationic lipofectamine to the latter two groups,respectively.The proliferation of human umbilical artery smooth muscle cells was evaluated by methyl thiazolyl tetrazolium and the apoptosis was analyzed by flow cytometry.The expression levels of precollagen Ⅰ,Ⅲ mRNA were detected by RT-PCR,the expression levels of TNF-? were detected by western blot.Results(1)The proliferation of group B(0.19?0.02)and group D(0.18?0.03)was significantly increased as compared with those of group A(0.11?0.02)and group C(0.14?20.02)(P0.05).(5)The expression of TNF-? of group B(0.74?0.11),group C(0.36?0.09)and group D(0.79?0.12)were significantly higher than that of group A(0.15?0.03)(P0.05).Conclusions NF-?B cis decoy ODN could down-regulate the proliferation,as well as the expression levels of precollagen and TNF-? of HUASMC induced by umbilical serum of preeclampsia.NF-?B may play an important role in the pathogenesis of placental artery abnormalities in preeclampsia.

Objective To investigate the effect of calcium antagonist verapamil on the function of rat?- cells and tolbutamide (D860)-induced insulin release.Methods Insulin released from isolated islets were measured in control,verapamil,D860,and verapamil+D860 groups.Furthermore,intravenous glucose tolerance test (IVGTT) was conducted in acute experiments treated with verapamil and D860 respectively to assess?-cell function in rats with the same allocation as in vitro.Another IVGTT was performed in the end of 4 weeks' treatment.The insulin contents in pancreas were assayed and pancreas islets morphology were observed with immunohistochemistry.Results Verapamil could inhibit insulin release from isolated islets.Verapamil group was [(1.244?0.082)ng?ml~(-1)?islet~(-1)]and control group (2.623?0.226) ng?ml~(-1)?islet~(-1)(P0.05).Also,similar results were obtained in normal rats during acute experiments and verapamil reduce the hypoglycemic effect promoted by D860. However,above results were not observed in the end of 4 weeks experiments,and no difference for insulin content and morphological change in islets was found among four groups.Conclusion Treatment of verapamil chronically does not impair islet function and interfere with the hypoglycemic effect of D860 in rats .

Actins ; metabolism ; Adenoma, Pleomorphic ; congenital ; metabolism ; pathology ; surgery ; Diagnosis, Differential ; Fibrosarcoma ; metabolism ; pathology ; Humans ; Infant ; Male ; Nasopharyngeal Neoplasms ; congenital ; metabolism ; pathology ; surgery ; Rhabdomyosarcoma ; metabolism ; pathology ; Salivary Gland Neoplasms ; congenital ; metabolism ; pathology ; surgery ; Vimentin ; metabolism