Objective: To construct the Behavior Inhibition Scale. Methods: The compilation of items was in accordance with the content validity of seven kinds behavior inhibition. The Self Consistency and Congruence Scale and SCL-90 were also applied as validity index. Results: Factor analysis on 660 subjects rating on original 86 items of Behavior Inhibition Scale yielded seven factors composed of 42 items, measuring the inhibition of help-seeking, self-confidence, independence, negativeness, alienation, dominate, and refuse, respectively. Behavior inhibition correlated significantly with SCL-90 and self congruence, and significant sex and education differences were also detected. Conclusion: The Behavior Inhibition Scale has good reliabilities and well validated.

Objective: To investigate the characteristics of Behavior Styles personality dimension among subjects of dif- ferent age, genders, marriage status, and occupations. Methods: After subjects fulfilled Chinese Personality Scale (QZPS), score differences of Behavior Styles and its sub- factors were compared among age, genders, marriage status, and occupa- tions. Results: Significant differences were detected among different age, genders, and occupations. Males have lower scores than females; the elder the subjects, the higher the scores; executives and technicians have the same scores, and both have higher scores than workers and peasants. Some interactions were also significant. Conclusion: There were sig- nificant differences among subjects of different gender, age, and occupation.

Objective To investigate the main predisposing factors of hematoma enlargement in spontaneous intracerebral hemorrhage,reduce the early mortality,and improve clinical outcomes.Methods By a retrospective study of 268 patients,all patients underwent their first computed tomography (CT)scan within 24 hours of arrival and a second CT scan within 72 hours of admission.These predisposing factors were analyzed by means of univariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses.Results The patients occurred early hematoma enlargement were accounted for 27.99％ (75/268).Univariate analyses indicated that hematoma shape,midline shift,breaking into the ventricle,thrombin clotting time (TT),white blood cells,neutrophil percentage,serum creatinine,fasting plasma glucose (FPG),and Glasgow coma scale (GCS) were significantly different between the patients with or without hematoma enlargement (P ＜0.05).Furthermore,multivariate logistic regression analyses revealed that the following four factors were independently associated with hematoma enlargement:the midline shift [OR (95％ CI) =3.356 (1.251-8.999),P =0.000],the GCS score [OR (95 ％ CI) =0.745 (0.671-0.827),P =0.023],the FPG [OR (95％ CI) =3.022 (1.232-7.408),P =0.016],and the breaking into the ventricles [OR (95％ CI) =2.851(1.158-7.019),P =0.005].Conclusions The midline shift of brain CT scan,the GCS score,the FPG,and the breaking into the ventricles maybe the independent predisposing factors of hematoma enlargement.Therefore,timely review of CT scan and dynamic monitoring of peripheral blood biochemical indicators should be very important for further therapy.

Objective Through investigating the situation of health care resources in Shanghai ,from the point of population and geographical area distribution, the article analyze the fair allocation of medical resources in Shanghai to provide the basis of decision-making in rational allocation of medical resources. Methods Use Lorenz curve and the Gini coefficient indicators, as well as Chain Proportion Method. Results The allocation of medical resources in population of Shanghai is fairly,and the trend of fairness will be enhanced. In the geographical allocation in space is more unfairness in Shanghai,and the fairness will be reduced. Conclusion The allocation of medical resources Municipal Population has few gap between urban and rural areas in the Shanghai which reached a fair comparison, but in the geographic distribution of has a larger gap between urban and rural areas. Most of the medical resources concentrated in large hospitals in the urban centers. The distribution of Medical resources should be rational and the health service system should be improved to improve medical and health service accessibility.

Concurrent thyroid carcinoma and parathyroid adenoma is rare, they can and do coexist. We present here a 63-year old man who had bilateral papillary thyroid carcinoma and a parathyroid adenoma in the right thyroid lobe. Thyroid cancer was confirmed surgically. After the operation, the patient was found hypercalcemie and hypophosphatemia along with an elevated parathyroid hormone (PTH), indicating primary hyperparathyroidism. Also, the parathyroid 99mTc-MIBI scan demonstrated parathyroid adenoma in the right lower pole of the thyroid. The abnormal parathyroid tissue was carried out, and then serum calcium and PTH levels decreased to normal ranges.
Calcium ; blood ; Carcinoma ; pathology ; surgery ; Carcinoma, Papillary ; Humans ; Hyperparathyroidism, Primary ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Parathyroid Glands ; pathology ; Parathyroid Hormone ; blood ; Parathyroid Neoplasms ; pathology ; surgery ; Thyroid Cancer, Papillary ; Thyroid Neoplasms ; pathology ; surgery

Aim To investigate subcellular distribution and accumulation of ADR in the sensitive and multidrug-resistant HL-60 cells and its relation to multidrug resistance.Methods The subcellular distribution and accumulation of ADR were studied by confocal scanning laser microscope and flow cytometry.The effects of verapamil,BSO,brefeldin A and chloroquine on ADR distribution and accumulation in HL-60/ADR cells were also examined.Rhodamine123,NBD-ceramide and neutral red were used as fluorescent probes to stain the mitochondria,Golgi apparatus and lysosomes respectively were used to identify the subcellular compartments where ADR was sequestered.Results In drug-sensitive cell line HL-60,ADR fluorescence distributed evenly in the nucleus and cytoplasm,while in multidrug-resistant cell line HL-60/ADR,ADR fluorescence distributed in a punctated pattern in the cytoplasm and was reduced in the nucleus.The mode of ADR distribution in HL-60/ADR cells is highly similar to that of NBD-ceramide.BSO and brefeldin A,instead of verapamil and chloroquine could reverse the abnormal distribution and accumulation of ADR in HL-60/ADR cells.Conclusions The change of ADR distribution and reduction of ADR accumulation in multidrug-resistant cell line was involved in the mechanism of multidrug resistance.

Objective To explore the differential diagnostic significance of clone analysis for multicentric occurrence (MO) and intrahepatic metastasis (IM) in hepatocellular carcinomas (HCCs).Methods Loss of heterozygosity (LOH) and microsatellite instability (MSI) were analyzed by microsatellite polymorphism test and the integration sites of HBV were assessed by Southern blot in each nodule of the HCCs. The clonalities were then compared between each nodule of the same patient and the diagnosis of MO or IM was concluded. Finally, the results based on clonality analysis were compared with those according to clinicopathological and imaging data. Results According to the results of LOH and MSI in 79 nodules and nontumorous tissue from 35 cases of mutiple HCCs, 5 (14.3%)and 29 cases (82.9 %) were divided into MO and IM, respectively. Both MO and IM presented simultaneously in 1 patient (2.9%). The integration sites of HBV could be analyzed in 77 nodules from 34 multiple HCCs. Among them, 6 (17. 6%) and 27 cases (79.4%) were divided into MO and IM, respectively. Both MO and IM presented simultaneously in 1 patient (2.9%). The classification results of microsatellite polymorphism test and HBV integration sites analysis demonstrated a significant positive correlation (rs = 0.909, P＜0.001). Nevertheless, neither the classification of microsatellite polymorphism test nor that of HBV integrate sites analysis was correlated with the discrimination according to clinicopathologic and imaging data (rs=0. 133, P=0. 468, rs =0. 262, P=0. 155, respectively). Recurrence in patients in the MO group occurred significantly later than that in IM cases who were diagnosed by clonality analyses (P=0. 001). Conclusion The clonality analysis based on the results of LOH and MSI or assessments of HBV integrate sites is useful for the differential diagnosis of MO and IM and their treatment and prognosis.

Objective To explore the mechanism of neurotoxic effects of neuron nitric oxide synthase(nNOS)and inducible nitric oxide synthase(iNOS),and the therapeutic effects of 7-nitroindazole(7-NI)and aminoguanidine(AG),in traumatic brain injury(TBI)rats.Methods Two hundred and fifty adult male Wistar rats were randomly divided into 5 groups:sham operation group,traumatic group,AG group,7-NI group and AG+7-NI group.Animals in each group were divided into 8 subgroups according to the time after trauma(1,3,6,12 hours and 1,3,7,14 days).Severe diffused brain injury model was made with Marmarou method.Expressions of nNOS and iNOS in hippocampus CA1 region were determined by immunohistochemistry,nerve cells apoptosis in hippocampus CA1 region was observed by TUNEL methods,and the relationship between apoptosis and NOS was observed by double staining.Results In trauma group,the expression of nNOS in hippocampus CA1 region peaked at 6h post-trauma,the expression of iNOS and apoptosis of nerve cells in hippocampus CA1 region both peaked at 3d post-trauma,while the apoptosis was alleviated in AG group,7-NI group and AG+7-NI group.The number of both TUNEL staining and nNOS immunostaining positive cells increased at 6h post-trauma in trauma group,significantly higher than that in 7-NI group.The number of both TUNEL staining and iNOS immunostaining positive cells increased at 3d post-trauma in trauma group,significantly higher than that in AG group.Conclusions The over-expression of nNOS and iNOS has toxic effects to neural tissues of brain,serves as one of the factors inducing nerve cell apoptosis in hippocampus CA1 region.7-NI and AG can inhibit the expression of nNOS and iNOS,reduce the nerve cell apoptosis,and play an important role in neuroprotective effect.

The bleeding in liver resection is an important factor influencing the operation risk and postoperative out comes.Hepatic vascular exclusion technique is an effective method to control the bleeding,which has been improved after being widely used in clinical practice.In this paper,the research progress on the clinical application of various kinds of hepatic vascular exclusion techniques was reviewed.

Objective To investigate the effect of autophagy on histone-mediated apoptosis of human proximal tubular endothelial cells(HK-2).Methods To investigate the effect of histones on the autophagy and apoptosis,HK-2 cells were treated with increasing concentrations of histones.The rate of apoptosis and the expressions of autophagy-related protien LC3Ⅱ and Beclin1 in HK-2 cells were detected by using flow cytometry and immunoblotting assay,respectively.To further confirm the effect of autophagy on apoptosis of HK-2 cells,cells were incubated with histones after one hour pretreatment with 10 mmol/L 3-MA,a pharmacological inhibitor.The rate of apoptosis and the activity of caspase-3 of HK-2 cells were detected separately by using flow cytometry and immunoblotting assay.Results Histones significantly enhanced apoptosis of HK-2 cells in a dose-dependent manner,with the increased expressions of LC3Ⅱ and Beclin1.Blockage of autophagy by 3-MA significantly increased the apoptosis of HK-2 cells and the activity of caspase3.Conclusion Autophagy in proximal tubules protects against apoptosis induced by histones,with potential value in acute kidney injury (AKI).