Alphapapillomavirus ; physiology ; China ; Global Health ; Humans ; Papillomavirus Infections ; virology

Objective To explore the clinical features of sev er e aplastic anemia (SAA) patients with chronic hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection.Methods 737 SAA cases newly diagnosed in the institute of Hemat ology and Blood Disease Hospital,CAMS in recent 13 years (1991 ~ 2003) were anal yzed.The ratio of SAA patients with chronic hepatitis B (21 cases,group Ⅰ) in them was investigated.A case-control study was undertaken to investigate the di fferences of clinical and laboratory features、therapeutic effectiveness and pro gnosis between SAA patients with chronic HBV infection \[the cases with chronic hepatitis B and those with antibodies to hepatitis virus B (23 cases,group Ⅱ )\] and SAA control group (42 cases,group Ⅲ ).Results ①The ratio of SAA patients with chronic hepatitis B in all SAA was 2.8%.②There was no significant difference of clinical features am ong them before treatment.③The recovery of PB counts、bone marrow hematopoiesis of group Ⅰ was slower than that of group Ⅱ and group Ⅲ after treatment.Th e percentage of CD8 + cells of group Ⅰor Ⅲwas significantly higher than that of group Ⅱ (P

Objective To evaluate the renal cortical blood perfusion changes in rabbits with acute renal failure (ARF) with gray scale contrast-enhanced ultrasound, and to explore the relationship between these changes and the blood creatinine (SCr), as well as the blood urea nitrogen (BUN). Methods Rabbit ARF models were established with 50% glycerin injected into the rabbits' thighs. Gray scale contrast-enhanced ultrasound was performed on the day before injection (T_0) and 1, 4, 8, 12 days (T_1, T_4, T_8, T_(12)) after injection. The renal cortex perfusion time-intensity curve (TIC) was analyzed, including parameters like arrival time (AT), time to peak intensity (TTP), amplitude of peak intensity (A) and slope rate of TIC (β) of renal cortex. Meanwhile the SCr and BUN were measured, the correlation between SCr, BUN and parameters were analyzed. Results Compared with the value of T_0, the value of TTP, A, β after injection (T_1, T_4, T_8) were statistically different, respectively (P<0.05), but the differences among T_1, T_4 and T_8 were various. No linear correlation between above parameters and SCr, BUN was found. Conclusion The renal cortical blood perfusion changes can be early observed with gray scale contrast-enhanced ultrasound, but there is no linear correlation between the changes of parameters and SCr, BUN.

OBJECTIVETo explore the effects and molecular mechanisms of rhein on reducing starvation-induced autophagic protein expression in renal tubular epithelial ( NRK-52E) cells.

METHODHank's balanced salt solution (HBSS) was used to induce NRK-52E cells to be in the state of starvation. After the intervention of HBSS for 0, 0.5,1, 2 and 6 hours, firstly, the protein expression of microtubule-associated protein 1 light chain 3(LC3 I/II), which is a key protein in autophagy, was detected. Secondly, the protein expressions of mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) and phosphorylated-mTOR Ser2448 (p-mTOR S2448) were examined. And then, after the co-treatment of rhein (5 mg x L(-1)) and HBSS (1 mL) without or with mTOR inhibitor, rapamycin (100 nmol x L(-1)), the protein expressions of LC3 I/II, mTOR and p-mTOR S2448 were tested, respectively.

RESULTHBSS could induce the up-regulation of LC3 II and the down-regulation of p-mTOR S2448 at protein expression level in NRK-52E cells. The co-treatment of rhein and HBSS could reversely regulate the protein expressions of LC3 II and p-mTOR S2448 in NRK-52E cells significantly. The co-treatment of rapamycin, rhein and HBSS could recover the level of LC3 II protein expression in HBSS-intervened NRK-52E cells.

CONCLUSIONHBSS induces autophagy in renal tubular epithelial cells by inhibiting mTOR signaling pathway activation. Rhein reduces the autophagic protein expression in renal tubular epithelial cells through regulating mTOR signaling pathway activation, which is the possible effects and molecular mechanisms.

Animals ; Anthraquinones ; pharmacology ; Autophagy ; drug effects ; Cells, Cultured ; Epithelial Cells ; drug effects ; metabolism ; Isotonic Solutions ; pharmacology ; Kidney Tubules ; drug effects ; metabolism ; Microtubule-Associated Proteins ; genetics ; Rats ; Signal Transduction ; drug effects ; TOR Serine-Threonine Kinases ; antagonists & inhibitors ; genetics ; physiology

OBJECTIVETo explore the regulative effects and possible mechanisms of emodin on autophagy induced by starvation in rat's renal tubular epithelial cells (NRK-52E).

METHODFirstly, Hank's balanced salt solution (HBSS) was used to induce starvation and the protein expression of microtubule-associated protein 1 light chain 3 (LC3) I/II, an autophagic marker of mammalian congener, was detected by Western blot with or without the treatment of emodin. Secondly, the changes of red fluorescent protein-microtubule associated protein light chain3 (RFP-LC3) fluorescent particles, treated by HBSS (1 mL) and bafilomycin A1 (10 nmol x L(-1)) with or without emodin, were observed through fluorescence microscopy in NRK-52E cells transient transfected by RFP-LC3 plasmid. With the intervention of mammalian target of rapamycin mTOR inhibitor rapamycin (100 nmol x L(-1)) , the effect of blocking mTOR signaling pathway on autophagic inhibition of emodin was observed. Finally, the effect of mTOR signaling pathway on autophagic inhibition of emodin was further evaluated through the over-expression of endogenous mTOR inhibitory protein DEP domain-containing mTOR-interacting protein-(DEPTOR).

RESULTHBSS hunger could induce high protein expression of LC3 II in NRK-52E cells, and the intervention of emodin could reverse the unregulated protein expression of LC3 II induced by HBSS. The number of RFP-LC3 fluorescent particles was increased after the co-treatment of HBSS and bafilomycin A1, and this increase was inhibited by emodin. After the co-treatment of rapamycin, emodin and HBSS, the LC3 II protein expression restored in NRK-52E cells, compared with the treatment of HBSS. Over-expression of DEPTOR could also block the inhibitive effect of emodin on LC3 II protein expression.

CONCLUSIONEmodin could inhibit HBSS-induced LC3 II protein expression and the activation of autophagy in NRK-52E cells, and the effect of blocking autophagy may be mediated through mTOR signaling pathway.

Animals ; Autophagy ; drug effects ; Cell Line ; Down-Regulation ; drug effects ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; pharmacology ; Emodin ; pharmacology ; Isotonic Solutions ; adverse effects ; Kidney Tubules ; cytology ; drug effects ; metabolism ; Microtubule-Associated Proteins ; genetics ; metabolism ; Rats ; Signal Transduction ; drug effects ; TOR Serine-Threonine Kinases ; genetics ; metabolism

Objective To evaluate and analyse the effectiveness of surgical treatment for fibrous dysplasia in proximal femur with severe varus deformity.Methods A retrospective study was performed in 21 patients (24 femora)of fibrous dysplasia who were treated in our hospital between August 2000 and May 2009.All patients had severe femoral varus deformity.The four-step procedures were performed orderlv as valgus osteotomy,lesion curettage,impacting of massive bone allograft,and fixation by femoral intramedullary nail.There were 6 patients with monostotic disease,15 with polyostotic diseases,including 12 males and 9 females with a mean age of 22.7 years(range,14-39 years).The average neck-shaft angle and femoral varus angle was 75°(range 55°-105°)and 30°(range,18°-45°),respectively.The average length of thigh shortened 3.4 cm(range,2.0-4.5 cm)compared with the contralateral thigh.Results All of the 21 patients were followed up from 21 months to 7 years with an average period of 3 years and 4 months.There were 30 osteotomy sites in 24 femurs,28 osteotomy sites showed bone union after 3-6 months from surgery.Two distal location of the double-level osteotomy showed nonunion,which received bone grafting again and got bone union after 3 months finally.The femoral mechanical alignments of the 21 patients had been recriticd.The average neck-shaft angle was 118°(range,95°-135°)postoperatively,the femoral varus angle disappeared.The average extremity lengthening was 2.8 cm(range,1.8-3.6 cm)postoperatively.There were no infection,recurrent fracture and progression of deformity.The visual analogue scales(VAS)score of 17 patients decreased to zero postoperatively from 7-10 preoperatively,and that of the other 4 patients decreased to 3-4 postoperatively from 8-10 preoperatively.The result of Harris hip functional score was excellent in 12 cases,good in 6,and fair in 3.Conclusion The valgus osteotomy can rectify varus deformity effectively.The reconstract nail of the fumer can support the stability of femur.Impacting of massive bone allograft can improve the capacity of the femur.

Objective To investigate and discuss the limb salvage strategies of malignant bone tumors in region S2 of shoulder girdle.Methods The data of 17 patients(13 males and 4 females)were retrospectivelv analyzed.All of them had malignant scapular tumor at least in region S2,and underwent limb salvage between January 2005 and January 2009.They aged from 14 to 55 years old(mean,32.6 years).The histologic types of them were chondrosarcoma in 6 patients,osteosarcoma in 4,fibrosareoma in 1,myeloma in 1,Ewing's sarcoma in 1,rhabdomyosarcoma in 1,non-Hodgkin lymphoma in 1,malignant giant cell tumor of bone in 1 and recurrent chondrosarcoma in 1.The tumors were staged according to Enneking surgical staging system:IB in 4 and IIB in 13.According to the MSTS classification system,the region S2 and lateral 1/3 of region S1 were effected in 11 cases,the region S2 and large part of region S1 were effected in 6 cases.The rotator cuff was involved to some extent in all patients,and the articular capsule were involved in 8 cases.Neo-adjuvant chemotherapy was given to 14 patients.The surgical strategies were depended on the range of tumor and preservation of articular capsule.The scapular prosthetic replacement was done in 8 cases with a relatively large range of tumor or resection of articular capsule,otherwise the scapular allograft replacement was done.Among the 11 cases with region S2 and lateral 1/3 of region S1 effected,the scapular allograft replacement was done in 9 cases with articular capsule preserved and the prosthetic replacement was done in 2 cases with articular capsule resected.And the prosthetic replacement was done in the other 6 cases.The articular capsule and partial rotator cuff were preserved and reconstructed preferentially.Results All patients were followed up 16-62 months (mean,35.1 months).Postoperative complications were noted in 9 patients, including mild allograft rejection and mild allograft resorption in 1 patient,allograft rejection in 1,prosthetic acromion exposure in 3,allograft resorption in 4.Local recurrence were noted in 1 patients.Three patients were dead because of extensive metastasis.The average function scores were 74.1%(range,53.3%-93.3%).Conclusion During the limb salvage surgery.it's very important to guarantee the en bloc resection of the tumor.In the meanwhile,the en bloc resection and functional reconstruction should be well balanced.

BACKGROUND: Body mass index(BMI)is a commonly used phenotype for obesity,which is determined by multiple genetic factors.OBJECTIVE: To investigate whether osteocalcin(also known as bone Gla protein,BGP)Hind Ⅲ genetic polymorphism is associated with BMI variation.METHODS: A total of 390 premenopausal women from a local population of Nanchang City were selected.Body weight and height were measured.All participants were genotyped at the BGP Hind Ⅲ locus using polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism(PCR-RFLP).RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: The BGP genotype frequencies of HH,Hh and hh were 0.077,0.408 and 0.515,respectively.The distribution of BGP Hind Ⅲ genotypes was consistent with Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium(P > 0.05).The BGP Hind Ⅲ were significantly associated with BMI(P=0.002),which could explain about 5.47% of BMI variation.On average,BMI of individuals with HH genotype was the highest[(22.81±0.73)kg/m2],individuals with Hh genotype was intermediate[(21.50±0.53)kg/m2],while individuals with hh genotype was the lowest[(20.23±0.63)kg/m2].Therefore,carriers of HH and Hh genotypes had,respectively,approximately 12.75% and 6.28% higher BMI than carriers of the hh genotype.To our best knowledge,this is the first study reporting the association of BGP Hind Ⅲ genetic polymorphism and BMI in healthy premenopausal women.

Objective To investigate the malaria knowledge of CDC staff and their demands on related training in malaria non⁃endemic areas，so as to provide the reference for planning the appropriate curriculum. Methods All the participants who were the staff of county CDCs all over Qinghai Province and attended the provincial training workshop were surveyed. A self⁃administered questionnaire survey was carried out and the data was statistically analyzed. Results A total of 115 participants were involved in this survey. They were mostly（85.21%）from county CDCs. The general knowledge of malaria among the respondents was well，and the average rate of correct answers was 70.35%. However，the answers to the general knowledge of malaria and anti⁃malaria treatment were not well enough. The rates of correct answers were 61.96% and 48.99% respectively. The differences among the groups of job title ranking，department of working and level of CDC were not significant（F = 0.13-2.02，all P > 0.05）. The number of correct answers was significantly increased after the training course. The average score after the training was 79.20±15.16 while the pre⁃training score was 70.34±17.46（t = 3.86，P < 0.05），especially in the answers to general malaria knowledge and malaria surveillance and response（t = 4.30，4.97，both P < 0.05）. The general knowledge of malaria was considered as the most need of training as 80% of the respondents voted“Yes”，according to the demand analysis. There was no significant difference among the different groups（F = 0.61-3.11，both P > 0.05）. Conclusion The malaria knowledge is well mastered by the staff of CDCs in Qinghai Province，and the further training courses are requested and addressed in the target areas such as general malaria knowledge，anti⁃malaria treatment，malaria surveillance and response.

In chronic kidney disease (CKD), inflammatory responses during the progression of renal tissue and tissue injury related causes its progression to end-state renal disease. Among them, nuclear factor (nuclear factor, NF)-kappaB signaling pathway by regulating the corresponding nuclear expression of target gene transcription, as well as affecting the synthesis of inflammatory mediators, induction of inflammation lead to kidney damage and renal fibrosis. Some single herbs and their extracts (such as Astragali Radix, Scutellariae Radix, Ginkgo Folium) and some traditional Chinese medicine (such as Danggui Buxue decoction, Qilian decoction) can reduce the inflammatory damage induced by renal tissue NF-kappaB signaling pathway and delay the progression of CKD.
Animals ; Humans ; Kidney ; drug effects ; pathology ; Medicine, Chinese Traditional ; methods ; NF-kappa B ; metabolism ; Renal Insufficiency, Chronic ; drug therapy ; pathology ; Signal Transduction ; drug effects