AIM To explore the antagonistic effect of scutellarin on the liver toxicity of upper limit intake (UL) of Se. METHODS Chemical luminescence was used to determine the scavenging effect of scutellarin on reactive oxygen species (ROS) induced by Na 2SeO 3 in vitro . MDA content, the activities of SOD, CAT, GSH Px and histopathological sections were measured to investigate the effects of scutellarin on Se toxicity in rats. RESULTS In vitro experiment showed the ability of scutellarin to inhibit the generation of ROS effectively. MDA content was significantly decreased, the activities of SOD, CAT and GSH Px were significantly increased and liver injury was alleviated obviously in the UL Se plus scutellarin group as compared to the only UL Se group. CONCLUSION Scutellarin markedly antagonized the liver toxicity of UL Se through scavenging ROS induced by excess Se.

AIM To study the effects of Scutellarin on glutathione peroxidase and thioredoxin reductase gene expression and activities in liver, kidney and testis tissues of rats supplemented with upper limit intake (UL) of Se. METHODS RT PCR and enzyme activities were used to determine GSH Px and TR mRNA levels and activities. RESULTS GSH Px and TR mRNA levels and activities were remarkably decreased in livers of rats supplemented with UL Se. Scutellarin significantly increased GSH Px and TR mRNA levels and activities in livers of rats supplemented with UL Se. No significant effects were found in rats treated with only Scutellarin as compared with the control. There were also no significant effects of UL Se on GSH Px and TR mRNA levels and activities in rat kidney and testis. CONCLUSION Scutellarin effectively antagonized the decrease of GSH Px and TR mRNA levels and activities in rat livers due to supplementation with UL. The effect of UL on GSH Px and TR mRNA levels shows tissue specificity.

Objective To analyze the relationship between HBsAg level and HBV DNA level as well as illness severity in patients with HBV-related acute-on-chronic liver failure (ACLF).Methods One hundred and nineteen patients with chronic hepatitis B (CHB group) and 98 patients with ACLF(ACLF group) were enrolled.HBsAg and HBeAg were assayed with Roche electrochemical luminescence method.HBV DNA was quantified using a real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR) assay.HBsAg and HBV DNA levels were compared between two groups and between HBeAg-positive and HBeAg-negative patients in ACLF group respectively,also the correlationbetween HBsAg and HBV DNA was studied.Results The proportions of HBeAg-negative patients were 68.4％(67/98) and 42.9％(51/119) in ACLF group and CHB group respectively,and there was significant difference between two groups (P ＜0.01).There was no significant difference in HBV DNA between two groups (P ＞ 0.05).HBV DNA in HBeAg-positive patients was higher than that in HBeAg-negative patients in two groups(P ＜ 0.05).There was no significant difference in HBsAg between HBeAg-positive patients and HBeAg-negative patients in ACLF group (P ＞ 0.05 ),but they were higher than that in HBeAg-positive patients in CHB group (P＜ 0.05).HBsAg was correlated to ALT,AST in HBeAg-positive patients (P ＜ 0.05).No significant correlation was found among HBsAg and HBV DNA as well as biochemical changes (P＞ 0.05).There was no significant difference in the ratio of different HBsAg levels among the patients of different HBV DNA in ACLF group (P＞ 0.05).Conclusion The level of HBsAg does not directly correlate with serum HBV DNA level,and has no directly correlation with the severity of the disease in patients with HBV-related ACLF.

Object To investigate the antagonistic effect of scutellarin on the toxicity of selenium in human liver cells L-02. Methods MTT method was used to observe the effects of scutellarin and selenium on cell growth. The morphological changes of cells were observed by fluorescent microscope. The MDA level, thiol content, and total antioxidative capacity of cells were also measured. Results The optimum condition for scutellarin to promote cell growth was 0.5 mmol/L in 48 h culture period. Comparing with the only selenium treated group, 0.5 mmol/L scutellarin significantly antagonized the inhibition of cell growth caused by 1 and 5 ?mol/L selenium, suppressed the selenium-induced cell damage and the increase of MDA content, as well as increased the thiol content and cell antioxidation capacity. Conclusion Scutellarin markedly antagonizes the toxicity of selenium in human liver cells L-02 by inhibiting lipid peroxidation and promoting cellular antioxidation capacity.

Diabetic retinopathy is a major cause of blindness all over the world, and it is one of the most serious and common microvascular complications of diabetes. Breakdown of the endothelial blood - retinal barrier ( BRB ) , as occurs in diabetic retinopathy, result in vasogenic edema and neural tissue damage, causing loss of vision. The inner BRB is created by complex tight juctions of retinal capillary endothelial cells, this barrier prevents the free diffusion of substances between the circulating blood and the neural retinal, the inner BRB efficiently supplies nutrients to the retinal and removes endobiotics and xenobiotics from the retina to maintain a constant milieu in the neural retina. The central mechanism of altered inner BRB function is a change in the permeability characteristics of retinal endothelial cells caused by elevated levels of cytokines, growth factors, advanced glycation end products, inflammation, hyperglycema and loss of pericytes. This article reviews the relationship between diabetes and the ultrastructure changes of BRB.

Objective:To investigate the relations between the changes of apoptotic lymphocytes and expression of apoptotic protein and idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura(ITP).Methods:Flow cytometry was used to detect the percentages of the apoptotic lymphocytes and the expression of Fas,FasL on peripheral lymphocytes,and the serum levels of sFas、sFasL were also determined by a sandwich enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay(ELISA),in 25 patients with ITP.Results:The percentages of the apoptotic lymphocytes(3.35?1.43) and the expression of Fas(32.17?6.54) and FasL(41.14?6.76)were all increased significantly in treated patients whose platelets recovered to normal( P

Small cell lung cancer is the most common primary neuroendocrine malignancy of the lung and is characterized by high malignant degree,rapid doubling time,easy metastasis in early stage and poor prognosis.Accurate staging of small cell lung cancer can formulate personalized therapeutic plans and improve the prognosis of patients.PET/CT can obtain metabolism and anatomical images of the whole body in one scan and improve the diagnostic accuracy and integrity.PET/CT has been widely applied to clinical practice now.PET/CT will play a more and more important role in diagnosis,staging,treatment and prognosis assessment of patients with small cell lung cancer.The value of PET/CT in staging and treatment of small cell lung cancer was reviewed in this article.

According to medicine high special educational reform’s mentality,we have extracted the knowledge points closely related to basic medical curriculum and the nursing spe-cialty,integrated the basic medical curriculum as "the basis of medical morphology"and"basic medical functions"and have it implemented in the nursing specialty in the three-year program.By doing so,we have gained some experience and provide practical basis for further integration of basic medical courses.

Objective To investigate the expression of osteopontin (OPN)in serum,urine and renal tissue of patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE)and its relevance with organ damage in and activity of this disease.Methods Enzyme-linked immunoabsorbent assay(ELISA)was applied to detect the concentration of OPN in the sera of 100 patients with SLE and 30 sex-and age-matched normal human controls as well as in the urine of 57 patients with SLE and 15 normal human controls.Renal tissue was obtained from 3 patients with lupus nephritis and subjected to immunohistochemistry for the observation of OPN.Results The level of OPN was significantly higher in the sera and urine of patients with SLE than in those of normal human controls (64.03 ±72.87 μg/L vs 29.88±1 1.28μg/L,454.87±231.63 μg/L vs 122.67±39.47μg/L,both P<0.05).Increased level of OPN in sera and urine was also observed in patients with active SLE com-pared with those with inactive SLE (80.92±87.49μg/L vs 36.43±23.48μg/L,584.36±207.15 μs/L vs 28 1.08±1 3 1.92μg/L,both P<0.05).A positive correlation was noted between the serum level of OPN and SLE disease activity index(SLEDAI)(r=0.462,P<0.01),and the level of urine OPN was positively correlated with both SLEDAI and the concentration of urine immunoglobulin G.urine mierualbumin.urine α1-microglo-bulin,urine β2-microglobulin(r=0.901,0.458,0.359,0.342,0.409,respectively,all P<0.05).OPN was found in renal tubule epithelia of the three patients with lupus nephritis.Conclusion OPN may be involved in the pathogenesis of SLE and associated with the renal damage in patients with lupus nephritis.

CD36 Antigens ; metabolism ; Cell Aggregation ; Cholesterol ; blood ; Foam Cells ; pathology ; Glomerulonephritis, IGA ; blood ; metabolism ; pathology ; Glomerulonephritis, Membranoproliferative ; blood ; metabolism ; pathology ; Glomerulonephritis, Membranous ; blood ; metabolism ; pathology ; Glomerulosclerosis, Focal Segmental ; blood ; metabolism ; pathology ; Humans ; Nephritis ; blood ; metabolism ; pathology ; Nephritis, Hereditary ; blood ; metabolism ; pathology