Objective: To observe the antiasthmaf ic, anti-inflammatory and immunological effects of Gubenchuansoukang Granule. Methods: The rats asthma model was established by ovalbumin sensitization. The model was identified by the study of the asthma incubation period and the total white cells counts in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF). The anti-inflammatory effect was observed by the acute inflammation and chronic inflammation induced xylene and agar. To observe the effect of Gubenchuansoukang Granule on humoral immunity and cellular immunity induced by chicken red blood cell and 2, 4-dinitrochlorobenzene. Results: Gubenchuansoukang Granule could lengthen the asthma incubation period, reduce the quantity of total white cells in BALF, against the acute inflammation and chronic inflammation, and restrain the humoral immunity and cellular immunity. Conclusion: Gubenchuansoukang Granule had antiasthmafic, anti-inflammatory and immunosuppression effects.

Cutaneous Fistula ; Digestive System Abnormalities ; therapy ; Endoscopy, Gastrointestinal ; methods ; Female ; Humans ; Infant ; Treatment Outcome

Objective To investigate the prevalence and risk factors of metabolic syndrome (MS) in residents in Pudong New District of Shanghai. MethodsA total of 5 584 residents aged 20-80 years were randomly selected from Pudong New District of Shanghai through multistage sampling and interviewed from April to July of 2008. Metabolic syndrome was defined according to three diagnostic criteria for MS, issued by the modified National Cholesterol Education Program Adult Treatment Panel Ⅲ criteria ( NCEP-ATP Ⅲ ), International Diabetes Federation (IDF), and Chinese Diabetes Society (CDS). ResultsThe crude prevalences of MS in the adult population in Pudong New District were 18.2％ and 13.1％ standardized ( male 19. 1％, female 17.4％, the age-standardized 15.6％ and 13.2％ ) with CDS criterion, 31.8％ and 24.4％ standardized ( male 28.4％ ,female 35.1％ ,the agestandardized 22. 7％ and 25.0％ ) with NCEP-ATP Ⅲ criterion, and 21.7％ and 17.0％ standardized ( male 15.9％ ,female 26.7％, the age-standardized 13.8％ and 19.2％ ) with IDF criterion. The age-specific prevalence of MS increased according to three diagnostic criteria, and the age-adjusted prevalence was higher in males than females in junior age groups and higher in females than males in senior ones. Significant differences were present among region, education, marriage status, smoking, work intensity, recreation, and physical activity according to some diagnostic criteria. ConclusionsSubstantial proportions of adults in Pudong New District of Shanghai suffer from metabolic syndrome, and there exists a tendency for young people involved. MS has become a noteworthy public health problem. It suggests that community-integrated control strategy of MS should be made a priority.

Objective To screen the antibacterial activity of Chinese traditional medicines against Yersinia pestis.Methods Six Chinese traditional medicines(Coptis Chinesis etc)were selected and extracted with pure water to make a concentration of 1 mg/L.Yersinia pestis strain 201 and EV 76 were used to determine the minimal inhibitory concentrations(MIC)of these selected medicines in vitro with liquid dilution method.Results Three herbs had inhibition effects on the strain 201 and EV76 in different extents,among which Rheum palmatum had the strongest effect and MIC was 0.025 00 mg/L.Furthermore,the Chinese traditional medicine had the same MIC on both strain 201 and EV76.Conclusions Chinese traditional medicines commonly used have inhibiting effect on Yersinia pesti.

Objective To study the clinicopathological characteristics and the prognostic factors in patients with hypopharyngeal cancer. Methods Clinical and pathological data of 178 cases with hypopharyngeal cancer from January 2000 to December 2006 were studied. Results Of the 178 hypopharyngeal cancer,the median survival time was 42.8 months ( 1 - 127 months).Total 3- and 5-year survival rates were 47％ and 35％,respectively.The 5-year survival rates of stage Ⅰ + Ⅱ,stage Ⅲ and stage Ⅳ were 76.2％,46.7％ and 29.6％,respectively. The second primary carcinoma occurred in 14.0％ patients (25/178),of them 18 patients with synchronous carcinoma and 7 patients with metachronous carcinoma.The independent risk factors associated with the prognosis of these patients were T staging,N staging,clinical staging,performance status (PS),smoking index and treatment model (all P ＜0.01). Multivariate Cox analysis showed that smoking index,staging of tumor and treatment were independent risk factors of prognosis.The rate of larynx function preservation was increasing with years from 2000 to 2006.Conclusions Surgery plus radiotherapy is the most important treatment for the patients with hypopharyngeal cancer.Tumor stage and treatment model are important predictors of survival in patients with hypopharyngeal cancer.

OBJECTIVETo study the expression levels of cdk5, p35 and p53 genes in arsenic trioxide (As2O3O)-induced neuron apoptosis and to explore the potential mechanism.

METHODSThe cultured primary rats' neurons were divided into 5 groups, which were exposed to 0, 1, 5, 10 micromol/L As2O3 and dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) for 8 h, respectively. The cell viability and cell apoptosis were detected by MTT colouration methods and flow cytometry, respectively. The real-time fluorescence quantitative PCR was used to measured the expression levels of cdk5, p35 and p53 genes.

RESULTSThe cell viability inhibition rates were 16.77%, 19.72% and 27.81% in 1, 5, 10 micromol/L As203 groups, respectively. Compared to the untreated group and DMSO group, the cell apoptosis rates were significantly increased in 5 and 10 micromol/L As2O3 groups (P < 0.05). The expression levels of cdk5, p35 and p53 genes increased with the exposure doses of AsO3. However, there were no significant differences in p35 gene expression between different dose subgroups (P > 0.05). There were significant differences in cdk5 and p53 gene expression between different dose subgroups (P < 0.05). The expression levels of cdk5 gene in 5 and 10 micromol/L As2O3 groups were significantly higher than those in untreated group and DMSO group (P < 0.05). The expression levels of p53 gene in 1, 5 and 10 micromol/L As2O3 groups were significantly higher than that in untreated group (P < 0.05). The expression level of p53 gene in 10 mciromol/L As2O3 group was significantly higher than that in DMSO group (P < 0.05).

CONCLUSIONCdk5, p35 and p53 genes may involve in the process of As2O3-induced neural cell apoptosis.

Animals ; Apoptosis ; drug effects ; Arsenicals ; Cells, Cultured ; Cyclin-Dependent Kinase 5 ; genetics ; metabolism ; Neurons ; drug effects ; metabolism ; Oxides ; toxicity ; Phosphotransferases ; genetics ; metabolism ; Rats ; Tumor Suppressor Protein p53 ; genetics ; metabolism

Objective To investigate the prevalence and risk factors of chronic kidney disease (CKD) in adult residents of Shanghai Pudong New Area. Methods A total of 5584 residents aged 20-80 years old were randomly selected from Shanghai Pudong New Area through multistage sampling and interview between April and July 2008. Fasting blood samples and morning urine samples were collected to detect Scr and urinary albumin and creatinine. Urine albumin to creatinine ratio (ACR) and glomerular filtration rate (GFR) was calculated to estimate the renal function. Logistic regression model was used to examine the associations of demographic and lifestyle factors with indicators of kidney damage. Results The age-standardized prevalence of albuminuria, reduced renal function and CKD was 9.9% (male 8.0%, female 12.4%), 1.1% (male 1.3%, female 0.9%) and 11.0%(male 8.8%, female 12.7%), respectively. The prevalence of CKD was higher in female and increased with age. No significant difference in the prevalence was observed between urban and rural areas. Elder, female, high blood pressure, high fasting glucose, dyslipidemia and obesity were associated with CKD independently. Conclusions The prevalence of CKD in Shanghai Pudong New Area is comparable to that previously reported in China or other developed countries, and even higher. CKD is going to be a public health problem and warrants the community-integrated control strategy to prevent the incidence of end-stage renal disease (ESRD) and related complications.

Objective To enhance the diagnosis of cerebral infarction of the hematopathy patient by analyzing its causes and MRI manifestations.Methods Totally 36 hematopathy patients with cerebral infarction from April 2010 to November 2015 had their data discussed retrospectively on involved vessel,anatomic distribution and MRI manifestations.Results Of the 36 patients,12 ones had only an artery involved in and 24 ones had multi arteries affected,31 ones had multi cerebral infarction foci and 5 ones had single focus.The foci had high or slighdy high signals in T2WI and very high signals in DWI,and there were no enhancement or only gyrus-like enhancement around the foci found by enhanced scan.Conchusion MRI gains advantages over CT when used to diagnose and find the hematopaty patient with cerebral infarction,when it has to be differentiated with cerebral early infection and parenchymal infiltration.It's suggested that the hematopathy patient has to undergo MRI examination in case central nervous system symptoms especially cerebral infarction occur.

OBJECTIVETo measure the thickness of facial bone wall of maxillary anterior teeth and premolars based on cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) images.

METHODSCBCT images from 118 patients were collected from the Affiliated Stomatology Hospital of Zhejiang University. The thickness perpendicular to the long axis of facial bone wall was measured at two locations: 4 mm apical to the cementoenamel junction (point 1) and the middle of the root (point 2).

RESULTSThe thickness of the facial bone walls of central incisors, lateral incisors and canines ranged from 0.5 to 1.5 mm. A thin facial bone wall (<1.0 mm) was quite frequent in central incisors (44.1% at point 1, 56.8% at point 2), lateral incisors (65.2% at point 1, 89.8% at point 2) and canines (45.8% at point 1, 61.0% at point 2). In contrast, the majority of examined first premolars (77.1% at point 1, 68.7% at point 2) and second premolars (94.1% at point 1, 94.1% at point 2) exhibited a thick facial bone wall (>1.0 mm).

CONCLUSIONA thin facial bone wall of teeth in the anterior maxilla is common. Radiographic analysis of facial bone wall using CBCT is recommended for selection of appropriate treatment approach.

Adult ; Bicuspid ; diagnostic imaging ; Cone-Beam Computed Tomography ; Female ; Humans ; Incisor ; diagnostic imaging ; Male ; Maxilla ; diagnostic imaging ; Young Adult

OBJECTIVETo investigate the feasibility of utilizing self-designed score system for lower lumbar vertebral burst fractures to select surgical approach.

METHODSFrom January 2006 to December 2011, the clinical data of 56 patients with lower lumbar vertebra burst fractures who underwent surgical treatment were retrospectively analyzed. There were 42 males and 14 females with an average age of 43.1 years old (ranged, 19 to 65). Causes of injury included falling down (40 cases), traffic accidents (12 cases), and crashing injury by heavy objects(4 cases). Injury site was L3 in 37 cases, L4 in 16 cases, and L5 in 3 cases. According to the AO classification, 17 cases were type A3.1, 14 cases were type A3.2, 25 cases were type A3.3. According to Frankel grade of nerous function, 2 cases were grade B, 5 cases were grade C, 9 cases were grade D and 40 cases were grade E. Surgical methods and approaches were chosen based on the comprehensive evaluation of AO classification, condition of posterior column injury and spinal canal encroachment. Surgical methods and approaches included trans-vertebra fixation (15 cases), intra-vertebra pedicle screw fixation (21 cases), combination of anterior and posterior approaches (11 cases), one-stage posterior approaches (9 cases). Cobb angles, restorations of the affected vertebral anterior border height, and conditions of spinal canal encroachment were compared before and after surgery. Conditions of bone graft fusion and internal fixation (if bending, loosening or breakage existed) were observed. Spinal cord functions were assessed according to Frankel grade. Localized pain and working status of patients were also assessed at the last follow-up.

RESULTSNo incision infection was found and no spinal nerve symptoms improved in all of 56 patients. All patients were followed up for 12 to 60 months with a mean of 28.5 months, without internal fixation loosening or breakage. There was significant differences in Cobb angle, vertebral anterior border height and recovery of spinal canal encroachment between preoperative and postoperative instantly (P < 0.05), however, there was no significant difference between postoperative instantly and final follow-up (P > 0.05). Thirteen cases obtained fusion by trans-vertebra fixation, 20 cases obtained fusion by intra-vertebra fixation, and 20 cases were treated by the combination of anterior and posterior approaches or one-stage posterior approaches all of patients obtained fusion. Spinal nervous function recovered I to II grade, 1 case was grade C, 3 cases were grade D, 52 cases were grade E. Localized pain was assessed as P1 in 52 cases, P2 in 3 cases, and P3 in 1 case. Working status was classified into W1 in 12 cases, W2 in 39 cases, and W3 in 5 cases.

CONCLUSIONThe lower lumbar vertebra and thoracolumbar junction exhibit different injury characteristics due to variations in anatomy and biomechanics. A comprehensive score of the AO classification, posterior column injury and degree of spinal canal encroachment will guide the selection of surgical method and approach for the treatment of lower lumbar vertebra burst fractures.

Adult ; Aged ; Biomechanical Phenomena ; Female ; Follow-Up Studies ; Fracture Fixation, Internal ; methods ; Humans ; Lumbar Vertebrae ; injuries ; surgery ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Retrospective Studies ; Spinal Fractures ; surgery ; Spinal Fusion ; methods