Objective To study the mechanism of haze formation after photorefractive keratectomy (PRK). Methods 27 adult New Zealand white rabbits were employed in this study.24 of them received PRK in the right eye and laser in situ keratomileusis (LASIK) in the left eye at the same time and under the same condition for -10\^00D ablation at once,24hour,1 week,2 week,1month,3 month,6 month and 12 month after surgery,the corneas were examined periodically by slip\|lamp microscopy for haze formation,and the both eyes of 3 rabbits were enucleated,the corneas were studies with light microscopy;transmission electron microscopy;immunohistochemical evaluation for extracellular matrix,including collagen type Ⅰ,type Ⅲ,type Ⅵ,cellular fibronection,tenascin and laminin;RT\|PCR detection for mRAN of collagen type Ⅰ. Results The incidence of haze was 100% after PRK.No haze formation after LASIK.Haze was located at the anterior stroma immediately adjacent to the ablated areas.The change of structure and composition which correlated with haze formation was due to a combination of the following factors:the basement membrane of corneal epithelium was discontinuous;A new layer of subepithelium tissue was synthesized;fibroblast was increased in number and activated;the collagen fibrils were disorganized.The diameter of fibrils and the space between the fibrils were irregular in the anterior stroma;The newly synthesized extracellular matrix inculding collagen type Ⅰ,type Ⅲ,type Ⅵ,cellular fibronection,tenascin and laminin were deposited in the anterior corneal stroma.Conclusion\ The formation and disappearing of haze was the result of interreaction between fibroblast and extracellular matrix.The destruction of basement membrane of corneal epithelium and Bowmen's member after PRK is initializing factor during haze formation.\;[

Hepatitis B virus X protein(HBx) has a wide range of biological effects.It not only play important roles in the replication of the virus,but also in infects host cell proliferation and apoptosis,as well as the incidence of hepatocellular carcinoma.HBx trans-activation has a broad regulatory role in the virus itself and host genes.HBx,by interfering with multiple signaling pathways,affected a variety of biological characteristics of the host cell.

Drug Resistance, Microbial ; Immunity ; Infection

Objective To explore the clinical efficacy and side effect of hepatocyte growth - promoting factor in treatment of infant hepatitis syndrome. Methods Sixty one cases of infant hepatitis syndrome were chased as the treatment group who hospitalized in our hospital from March 2002 to Feb 2003,and 54 cases of infant hepatitis syndrome as control group who hospitalized during March 2001 to Feb 2002. The treatment group were administrated with hepatocyte growth - promoting factor for 2 weeks. We obser-ved the recovery of patient's liver function (TBIL.ALT, AST) and the side effect of hepatocyte growth- promoting factor after two weeks of the treatment. Results After the treatment,TBIL and ALT decreased significantly in the treatment group of infant hepatitis syndrome. The treatment group was superior to the control group (P

Objective To explore the relationship between tumor necrosis factor(TNF)-? promoter G238A,G308A and interferon(IFN)-?+874A/T polymorphism and susceptibility to cytomegalovirus(CMV) hepatitis.Methods A TaqMan fluorescence polymerase chain reaction(PCR) in the IFN-?+874A/T and TNF-? gene promoter region single nucleotide polymorphism was tested in the subjects,including 87 infants with CMV hepatitis and 89 children without CMV hepatitis.Results No evident difference of TNF-? +238G/A and+308G/A allele frequency was found between infants with CMV hepatitis and controls.The cases of IFN-?+874 AA,AT and TT genotype were 64,20,3 cases in the infant CMV hepatitis group,and 45,26 and 18 cases in the control group,respectively.There was significant difference in IFN-?+874 allele genotype and frequency between infants with CMV hepatitis and the control group(P=0.001,P

Objective To observe the dynamic changes in plasma levels of neuropeptide Y (NPY) in patients with acute cerebral infarction (ACI) and the serum nitric oxide synthase (NOS) in order to find out the relationship between each other as well as their clinical significance. Method A prospective and control study was done in 30 patients with ACI including 21 male and 9 female with average age of (58.07 ± 12. 1S) years admitted from May 2008 to March 2009. These patients hit the diagnostic criteria for cerebral infarction (CI) set by the Chinese Society for Neruoscience and the Chinese Association of Neurosurgery in 1996 for their first attack of CI was treated within 48 hours. Patients with acute myocardial infarction, peripheral vascular disease, infection, tumor,or severe organic functional impairment, etc within six months were excluded. Another 27 healthy subjects asking for routine physical examination including 15 male and 12 female with average age of (55.00± 11.03) years were included as control group at the same period. The two groups were comparable. The blood samples of fasted subjects of control group and CI patients 48 hours after and within 10 days after attack were taken to examine the level of NPY by using radioimmunoassay and the level of serum NOS by using chemical colorimetry. The size of responsible focus of CI was calculated, and the degree of neurological deficits were estimated with Stroke Scales set by the American National Institutes Of Health (NIHSS). The chi-square test was used for constituent ratios within samples, while t -test was applied to analysis of differences between two groups, and linear was used for bivariate simple correlation analysis. Results (1) There was no significant difference in NPY between two groups. (2) The level of constructional NOS (cNOS) within 48 hours after attack in CI group was significantly lower than that in control group, and it was significantly and negatively correlated with the size of infarction and the NIHSS scores at the same period, whereas it significantly and positively correlated with difference in NIHSS scores, while it increased more significantly 10 days after attack than it did within 48 hours after attack. (3) The level of inducible NOS (iNOS) within 48 hours after attack in CI group was significantly higher than that in control group, and it was significantly and positively correlated with the size of infarctionand NIHSS scores at the same period, and it significantly and negatively crrelated with the difference in NIHSS scores, while it decreased more significantly 10 days after attack than it did within 48 hours after attack. (4) The level of NPY was not correlated with both cNOS and iNOS in CI group. The difference in levels of NPY was negatively and significantly correlated with the difference in levels of cNOS. Conclusions There was no significant change in plasma NPY level in ACI patients, and it was not correlated significantly with the disease itself. The serum cNOS was negatively correlated with the disease itself significantly within 48 hours after attack. The iNOS level was positively correlated with the disease itself significantly, and it reflected the severity of CI within 48 hours after attack. The changes of NPY level in plasma were significantly and negatively correlated with the changes of cNOS level in serum within 48 hours and 10 days after attack.

Purpose To explore the association between ultrasound contrast agent injection volume as well as regurgitation and tubal patency. Methods SonoVue contrast agent was used for 515 cases of infertility transvaginal four-dimensional ultrasound imaging hysterosalpingography, recorded the amount of contrast agent injection, regurgitation, and compared contrast agent injection volume and regurgitation in different patency. Results The ultrasound contrast agent injection volume between bilateral patency with bilateral passable and one side patency one side passable as well as one side patency one side barrier, between one side patency one side passable and one side patency one side barrier had no significant difference (U=1467.0-4843.0, P>0.05);and it had statistical difference between any other two conditions (U=273.5-6160.0, P<0.05). The regurgitation between bilateral passable and bilateral barrier, one side passable one side barrier, between bilateral barrier and one side patency one side barrier, one side passable one side barrier, between one side patency one side passable and one side patency one side barrier had no statistical difference (U=949.5-6378.5, P>0.05), and it had statistical difference between any other two conditions (U=919.5-5126.5, P<0.05). Conclusion Ultrasound contrast agent injection volume and regurgitation in hysterosalpingography are associated with tubal patency, which can be used as objective indexes for assessing tubal patency, and provide basis for tubal patency.

Object To investigate the features of health related quality of life ( HRQOL) among elderly hypertensive patients with different body mass index (BMI) so s to provide evidence for the health promotion of hypertensive. Methods A cross-sectional survey of health status data from a population of 1281 elderly hypertensive patients from Beijing and 8 provinces of China ( Jiangsu, Anhui, Gansu, Qinghai, Fujian, Jilin, Jiangxi, and Henan) was made in the study. Analysis of variance was applied to compare the differences in HRQOL of elderly hypertensive patients in different BMI categories. Results For the elderly hypertensive patients with low body mass index, the scores of 8 dimensions and scores in physical component summary (PCS) and mental component summary( MCS) of SF-36 were the lowest;except the role-emotional(RE) dimension,the scores of other 7 dimensions,PCS and MCS were significantly different(PF,RP,BP,GH,VT,MH, P<0.01; SF,PCS,MCS, P<0.01). Comparing the scores between any two groups in PCS, the scores of patients with low body mass index were significantly lower than normal weight group (62.30 ± 22. 12 vs72.40 ±20.86, P<0.05) .overweight group (62.30 ± 22.12 vs 74.97 ± 19.20, P<0.05 ) and obese group (62.30 ± 22.12 vs 74.57 ± 19. 22, P < 0.05 ). Comparing the scores between any two groups in MCS,the scores of patients with low body mass index were significantly lower than normal weight group (68. 81 ± 20. 48 vs 74. 70 ± 20.41, P < 0. 05), overweight group (68. 81 ± 20. 48 vs 78.08 ±18.23, P<0.05) and obese group (68.81 ±20.48 vs 78. 69 ± 17.77, P<0.05); the score of normal weight group was significantly lower than the overweight group (74. 70 ±20. 41vs 78. 08 ±18.23, P<0.05). Gender Stratification showed that females with low body mass index had worse HRQOL than males. Conclusion The HRQOL of elderly hypertensive patients with low body mass index is significantly lower than normal weight patients, overweight patients and obese patients, the health promotion of elderly hypertensive patients with low body mass index should be paid more attentions, especially females with low body mass index.

Objective To evaluate effects of pretreatment with glutamine on lung injury induced by intestinal ischemia/reperfusion(II-R) in rats. Methods Glutamine or saline were injected through tail vein before the model of intestinal ischemia/reperfusion in rats were established.The gene expression of intercellular adhesion molecule-1(ICAM-1) and heat shock protein-70(HSP-70) were tested with RT-PCR methods.The levels of heat shock protein-70 in the lung were measured with Western Blotting.Myeloperoxidase and malondialdehyde and pathological changes were also measured. Results The gene expression of heat shock protein-70 was enhanced by pretreatment with glutamine,and the level of HSP-70 was parallelly increased.Nevertheless,MPO,MDA and the gene expression of ICAM-1 were inhibited. Conclusion Pretreatment with glutamine can lessen the lung injury induced by intestinal ischemia/reperfusion in rats,the induction of HSP-70 gene may be one of the potential mechanisms.

Objective To further investigate the pathohistology of chronic gastritis in children and the relationship between helicobacter pylori(Hp) infection and mucosal chronic inflammatory.Methods Gastric antrum biopsies were carried out from children who had chronic gastritis confirmed by gastroendoscopy during the past 3 years in our hospital.The results of pathohistological observation were analyzed by retrospectire method.Results One thousand six hundred cases of chronic gastritis were included,in which 1007 cases without Hp infection,593 with Hp infection.Among the patients without Hp infection,mild inflammatory were much more than mode-(rate) or severe inflammatory(86% vs 14%).Although,in patients with Hp infection,mild inflammatory were the most common presentation(63%),moderate and severe inflammatory were more predominant in patients with Hp infection.The degree of inflammatory was increased with the quantity of Hp infection.The ratio of lymphocytes,neutrophils and lymphoid follicles in gastric mucosa was much higher in Hp positive group than negative one(94%,40%,22% vs 60%,11%,5%,respectively),and the difference was significant in statistic analysis.Gastric mucosal atrophy was found more in Hp positive group(16.5%) than negative one(7%).The proportion of intestinal metaplasia in cases with Hp infection was 1.5% compared with 0.1% in these children.Conclusion The study shows that there is a close relationship between Hp and antrun chronic inflammation and mucosal atrophy.