Aged ; Atropine ; Electrocardiography ; Female ; Heart Rate ; drug effects ; Humans ; Male ; Muscarinic Antagonists ; pharmacology ; therapeutic use ; Preoperative Care ; methods ; Quinuclidines ; pharmacology ; therapeutic use

Objectives To validate the Screening Tool for the Assessment of Malnutrition in Pediatrics (STAMP) in hospitalized pediatric patients, and to assess the nutritional status and nutritional risk using STAMP. Methods the nutritional status of hospitalized pediatric patients was investigated by adopting STAMP. The STAMP score≥4 was deifned as a high standard of nutritional risk. Results Among 1 506 hospitalized children, children with high nutritional risk accounted for 26.56%. The overall prevalence of malnutrition and stunting was 19.12%and 10.16%, respectively. There was signiifcant diffe-rence in stunting among each department (P<0.05), which was the highest in department of internal pediatrics. The proportion of patients receiving nutritional support was 10.09%. Among them, the rate of parenteral and enteral nutrition support was 7.84%and 2.92%, respectively. The ratio of parenteral nutrition to enteral nutrition was 2.68:1. After intervention to hospitalized pa-tients with high nutritional risk, the overall prevalence of high nutritional risk decreased from 26.56%at admission to 21.71%at discharge (P<0.05). Conclusions STAMP can objectively relfect the possible malnutritional risk in hospitalized pediatric patients. The nutrition condition of the pediatric patients can be improved through nutritional risk management.

Objective To investigate the nursing experience of caring patients with second total aortic arch replacement with stent“trunk”.Method The nursing data of 28 patients undergoing total aortic arch replacement with stenttrunkwere analyzed to summarize the perioperative nursing experience.Results The operations were successful in all 28 patients.None of them died. Conclusion The nursing measures such as strengthened preoperative evaluation,strengthened body position and skin management, preparation of articles,strengthened blood recollection during operation to reduce blood loss and enhanced temperature monitoring are key to the success of total aortic arch replacement with stenttrunk.

Objective To investigate the effects of electrical stimulation on dysphagia after stroke.Methods 40 patients with dysphagia after stroke were divided into control group and research group randomly.Both groups were treated with rehabilitation training and medicine.Research group was managed with electrical stimulation in addition.They were assessed with the classification of dysphagia.Results Dysphagia was reduced in both groups,but was better in the research group than in the control group(P<0.05).Conclusion Electrical stimulation can improve the recovery of deglutition.

Objective To find out the causes of the failure of the replanted finger and to increase the survival rate of replantation.Methods The trauma,operation condition and nursing care after operation of the 24 failure cas- es of 31 replantation of severed fingers that have been treated in this hospital from January 1999 to December 2006 were retrospectively analyzed.Results Of the 31 necrotic fingers,there were 21 necrotic fingers caused by untimely treatment of vascular articulo,7 by infection,1 by smoking and 2 by uncooperative treatment because of out-of-bed activity.There were 9 replantation of fingers loss of blood supply in one day,12 fingers from one day to three days, 8 fingers from four days to seven days,2 fingers more than nine days.Conclusion The operation indication should be strictly mastered.There should be a complete debridement and haemostasis during the operation,the quality of vascular anastomose should be improved and the pressure of the anastomosing vascular should be avoided.Strict ob- servation after operation,intensive nursing and timely treatment of vascular articulo are the key factors for improving the survival rate of replantation of severed finger.

Akebia trifoliate has been reported to have many pharmacological activities and the roots, petioles and seeds are used to different symptoms. However, the structure and anatomy of its seeds was almost not reported until now. In the present study, we investigated the morphological characters of the fruit and seed, and the anatomical characters of the testa, micropyle, embryo and endosperm, which could provide evidences for the study on classification, identification and application of A. trifoliate. Our results showed that the testa of A. trifoliate consisted of an epidermic cell layer, the sclerenchyma cells layer, the parenchyma cells layer and an innermost pigment layer. At the micropylar region, the outermost epidermal cells were specialized the white caruncle-like structure and the testa included a lot of lignified tissues. Endosperm comprises two layer cells. Outermost yellowish-brown layer cells contains lots of fat droplets, and innermost white layer cells contains lots of aleurone grains and crystalloids.
Germination ; Magnoliopsida ; anatomy & histology ; growth & development ; Seeds ; anatomy & histology ; growth & development

OBJECTIVETo explore the effect of zoledronate (ZOL) on the osteoclast adhesion and expression of integrin α(v) and β3 in vitro.

METHODSMice RAW264.7 cells were used for osteoclast differentiation in vitro, and osteoclastogenesis was examined by tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase (TRAP) staining and dentin resorption lacunae examination. The cells were then divided into 2 groups, the control group and ZOL treatment group (treated with 1 x 10(-6) mol · L(-1) ZOL for 2 d). The adhesion ability of osteoclasts and mRNA and the protein expressions of integrin α(v) and β3 were examined by crystal violet staining, real-time fluorescence quantitative polymerase chain reaction, Western blot analysis, and immunofluorescent chemistry.

RESULTSTRAP staining and dentin resorption lacunae examination revealed the formation of multi-nuclear osteoclasts. ZOL treatment significantly decreased the adhesion ability of osteoclasts (P < 0.01). In the ZOL-treated group, the mRNA levels of integrin α(v) and β3 were 0.66 ± 0.05 and 0.59 ± 0.08, respectively. In the control group, the mRNA levels of integrin α(v) and β3, were 1.01 ± 0.01 and 1.01 ± 0.02, respectively; these values were higher than those in the ZOL-treated group (P < 0.01). The protein level of integrin α(v) and β3 in the ZOL-treated group (31,934.84 ± 112.91 and 18,812.79 ± 194.13) was downregulated by approximately 39.19% and 40.17%, respectively, compared with those in the control group (52,517.81 ± 211.72 and 31,441.93 ± 456.87) (P < 0.01). Immunofluorescent examination showed that the fluorescent intensities of integrin α(v) and β3 in the ZOL-treated group (9.491 ± 0.748 and 4.744 ± 0.759) were also significantly decreased compared with those in the control group (15.159 ± 1.143 and 11.418 ± 1.095) (P < 0.01).

CONCLUSIONZOL significantly inhibits osteoclast adhesion and downregulates integrin α(v) and β3, expression, thus contributing to the ZOL-induced inhibition of osteoclast- mediated bone resorption.

Adult ; Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Bile Duct Diseases ; diagnosis ; Bile Duct Neoplasms ; diagnosis ; Cholangiopancreatography, Endoscopic Retrograde ; Cytodiagnosis ; Cytological Techniques ; methods ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Pancreatic Diseases ; diagnosis ; Pancreatic Neoplasms ; diagnosis

Adolescent ; Brain Neoplasms ; metabolism ; pathology ; surgery ; Diagnosis, Differential ; Ependymoma ; metabolism ; pathology ; Ganglioglioma ; metabolism ; pathology ; surgery ; Glial Fibrillary Acidic Protein ; metabolism ; Humans ; Immunohistochemistry ; Male ; Tubulin ; metabolism ; Vimentin ; metabolism

Objective To investigate the effect of Ningdong granule on 5-hydroxytryptamine metabolism and 5-HT2AR of Tourette’s Syndrome(TS) rat models. Methods 32 SD rats were divided into 4 groups randomly, the control group, the model (Apo) group, the low dosage NDG (NGL) group, and the high dosage (NGH) group. TS rat models were induced by intraperitoneal injection (i.p.) with Apo (2 mg/kg) in the experimental groups last 4 weeks. Rats in the control group were injected with normal saline (0.9%) (3 ml/kg, i.p.). Then, the rats were treated by intragastric administration (i.g.) with ND granular at 1.8g/(kg?d)in NGL group, with ND granular at 3.6 g/(kg?d)in NGH group, with distilled water at equal Volume in Control group and Apo group respectively for 12 successive weeks. Analysis the striatum 5-HT2AR protein expression by Immunohistochemical method;Determination of the content of 5-HT and 5-HIAA in striatum by Enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Results The level of 5-HT and 5-HT2AR protein expression in the model group [(1.98±0.14)ng/ml and(143.10±8.01)], compared with the control group[(1.78±0.10)ng/ml and(127.43±6.72)], was up-regulated (P<0.01 or 0.05). The levels of 5-HT and 5-HT2AR protein expression in NGH group[(2.20±0.14)ng/ml and(166.33±9.21)ng/ml] were further up-regulated, and the levels of 5-HIAA in NDH group [(0.58±0.08) ng/ml] became lower, compared with the control group(P<0.01 or 0.05). Conclusion Activity of 5-HT system enhanced in Apo-induced TS rat model. However, the enhanced activity may still be relatively insufficient. The mechanism of ND granulear treating TS was associated with depression of the 5-HT metabolism, up-regulation expression of 5-HT2AR, and improving the activity insufficient of 5-HT system.