Administration, Inhalation ; Ambroxol ; administration & dosage ; Female ; Humans ; Infant, Newborn ; Male ; Pneumonia ; drug therapy ; physiopathology

Objective To analyse and understand the main reasons for cesarean section,in order to reduce the rate of cesarean section. Methods Clinical analysis was performed in 6781 patients who underwent cesarean section from January 2004 to December 2008. Results ①Cesarean section rate was increasing from 2004 to 2008, which was 32. 00% (840/2625) , 35. 00% (966/2760) , 39. 08% (1186/3035), 45. 98% (1669/3630) and 51. 88% (2120/4086) .respectively. Compared to 2004, the cesarean section rate in 2008 increased significantly (P <0.01). ②The proportion of the main cesarean section indications changed, the proportion of social factors ,fetal factors and maternal factors were increasing gradually. Cephatopelvic disproportion in 2008 decreased significantly compared to that in 2004(x2 = 194. 805 ,P <0. 01). There was significent difference in each indication from 2004 to 2008. Conclusions The cesarean section rate has increased due to medical reasons and social reasons. To ensure the safety of the mothers and children, vaginal delivery should be adopted as far as possible. The cesarean section without medical indication should be prohibited.

Adult ; Analysis of Variance ; Burnout, Professional ; Chemical Industry ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Personality ; Petroleum ; Regression Analysis ; Surveys and Questionnaires ; Young Adult

OBJECTIVETo compare the differences in the efficacy on lower limb motor function in children with spastic cerebral palsy between the combined therapeutic program of Jin three-needle therapy and MOTOmed intelligent motor training and the simple MOTOmed.

METHODSEighty children with spastic cerebral palsy were randomized into an observation group and a control group, 40 cases in each group. In the observation group, Jin three-needle therapy was used at four mind points, three brain points, three intelligent points, three temporal points, three knee points and three foot points, as well as Chengjin (BL 56), Chengshen (BL 57) and the other. Additionally, MOTOmed was given in assistance with conventional rehabilitation training. In the control group, MOTOmed and the conventional rehabilitation training were adopted. In the two groups, the treatment was given once a day, 20 treatments made one session and there were 3 to 5 days at interval between the two sessions. The efficacy evaluation was performed after continuous 3 sessions of treatment. The gross motor function measure (GMFM) and modified Ashworth scale (MAS) were applied for the evaluation before and after treatment in the two groups.

RESULTSAfter 3 sessions of treatment, GMFM score was increased apparently as compared with that before treatment in the two groups (P < 0.01, P < 0.05). After treatment, GMFM score in the observation group was increased more remarkably than that in the control group (55.32 +/- 17.10 vs 47.48 +/- 17.18, P < 0.05). After treatment, the total effective rate of gastrocnemius Ashworth spasm grade [90.0% (36/40)] in the observation group was better apparently than [72.5% (29/40)] in the control group (P < 0.05).

CONCLUSIONThe combined therapeutic program of Jin three-needle therapy and MOTOmet intelligent motor training improves the lower limb motor function of the children with spastic cerebral palsy and its efficacy is better than simple MOTOmed.

Acupuncture Therapy ; Cerebral Palsy ; physiopathology ; psychology ; therapy ; Child ; Child, Preschool ; Female ; Humans ; Intelligence ; Lower Extremity ; physiopathology ; Male ; Motor Activity

Background In vitro study showed that chemotaxis consist of chemotaxis factor 4(CXCR4)and stromal cells derived factor-1(SDF-1)and may play a role in the orientation and migration of retinal progenitor cells (RPCs)toward lesion.Overexpression of CXCR4 in RPCs can enhance the chemotaxis activity.Objective This work was to explore the feasibility and underlying mechanism of up-regulation of CXCR4 on RPCs induced by hypoxia.Methods RPCs were retained in an incubator with normal O2volume(16％)or hypoxia condition(10％ O2)for 12 hours and 24 hours respectively.Flow cytometer cell analysis screening(FACS)was conduced to measure the proportion of CXCR4-expressing cells,and CXCR4,HIF-1 mRNA were analyzed by reverse transcription-polymerse chain reaction(RT-PCR).The chemotical effect of 30 mg/L SDF-1 to RPCs cultured under the hypoxia condition was assessed using Boyden chamber.Results The expression level of CXCR4(CXCR4 mRNA/β-actin mRNA)inRPCs cultured by 10％ O2 for 12 and 24 hours were 0.28+0.07and 0.48+0.17 and increased by 1.75 and 3.00 fold more than that of 16％ O2 culture group(0.16+0.02)(P＜0.01).The expression level of HIF-1 mRNA(HIF-1 mRNA/β-actin mRNA)in RPCs cultured by 10％ O2 for 12 and 24 hours were 0.18 ±0.07and 0.38 ±0.13 and increased by 3.00 and 6.30 fold more than that of 16％ O2 culture group(0.06±0.01)(P＜0.01).The chemotical effect of 30 μg/L SDF-1 to RPCs increased from 13.00％ in 16％ O2 culture group to 36.00％ and 46.00％ in the cells cultured by 10％ O2for 12 and 24 hours.FACS revealed that the proportion of CXCR4+ cells in hypoxia-exposure for 12 and 24 hours were 26.90％ and 46.10％,respectively,but that in 16％ O2 culture group was 9.10％,showing a statistically significant difference(P ＜ 0.01).Conclusions RPCs induced by hypoxia can enhance the expression of CXCR4 in RPE cells and the chemotaxia to SDF-1.The overexpression of H1F-1 in RPCs may be involved in the up-regulation of CXCR4 expression.

The Hazardous effect of Hippophae Rhamnoides L. juice was studied biologically. The results showed that the Hippophae rhamnoides L. juice has no teratogenic and mutagenic effect on the rat and mice germ cells.

Objective To retrospectively investigate and compare the clinical features in type 2 diabetic patients with various lesions of diabetic nephropathy.Methods One hundred and fifty patients of type 2 diabetes mellitus were registered from December 1990 to April 2004,among them 73 cases of diffuse glomerulosclerosis (DIF)and 77 nodular glomerulosclerosis(NOD)were all proven by renal biopsy.Data such as the durations of diabetes mellitus and hypertension,body mass index(BMI),diabetic retinopathy,HbA_1c,plasma albumin, proteinuria,urine N-acetyl-?,-glucosaminidase,urine osmolarity,ereatinine clearance rate(Ccr)were collected and compared.Results(1)Compared with the patients with DIF,the patients with NOD had longer duration of diabetes mellitus[(122.0?8.1 vs 56.0?7.8)months,P

Objective To observe effect of lidocaine pretreatment to malondialdehyde(MDA) and endothelin(ET) of patient ac-cepeted brain tumor removing and discuss the optimized pretreatment time .Methods 60 brain tumor patients in the hospital from March 2009 to September 2011 .according to the different pretreatment time ,the patients were randomly divided into five groups :group A(preoperative 48 h) ,group B(preoperative 24 h) ,group C(preoperative 12 h) ,group D(0 h or anesthesia induced) ,group E (control group) and group F(blank control group) ,10 cases in each group .Group A ,B ,C ,D with 1% lidocaine 1 .5 mg/kg intrave-nous pretreatment on schedule ,then induced conventional anesthesia ;group E were supplemented with 1% lidocaine 2 .5 mg · kg -1 · h-1 intravenous injection after anesthesia induction ;group F was performed routine program without lidocaine .The spontaneous breathing time ,awake time and tracheal extubation time was recorded ,while NIHSS score for evaluation of neural function defect was applied ,and peripheral serum level of MDA and ET was detected by colorimetric technique and radio-immunity .Results In group C ,the spontaneous breathing time ,awake time and tracheal extubation time were shorter than other groups ,but the difference had no statistically significant(P>0 .05) .There was no significant difference among each group in the aspect of NIHSS score 1 day before surgery(P>0 .05) ,after 14 days of operation ,NIHSS of group C was statistically lower than that of group E and group F (P<0 .05) .Before anesthesia induction ,there was no significant difference among groups (P> 0 .05) .MDA and ET content in group C was significantly lower than those in other groups after surgery (P<0 .05) .Conclusion Lidocaine given 12 h before cere-bral ischemia has varying degree protection against cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury .The protection has relation with the de-crease of MDA and ET content .

BACKGROUND: Compared with bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs),human umbilical cord blood (hUCB)-MSCs possess many advantages,including easy acquirement,low immunogenicity,able to tolerance a higher degree of HLA-matching inconsistency,and with higher purity.OBJECTIVE: To analyze the method and condition for in vitro isolation,purification,proliferation,and osteoblast and lipoblast differentiation of hUCB-MSCs.DESIGN,TIME AND SETTING: The present observational experiment was performed in the Key National Laboratory of Biological Treatment,Huaxi Hospital,Sichuan University (i.e.,Institute of Stem Cells and Tissue EngIneering) between September 2004 and November 2005.MATERIALS: Neonatal cord blood at gestational age 37 to 40 weeks.METHODS: hUCB-MSCs were collected in aseptic condition,isolated by density gradient centrifugation,sedimenting red cells with methylcellulose followed by density gradient centrifugation,or immunomagnetic beads negative technique of CD34+.Theisolated MSCs were used to carry on plastic adherent culture in L-DMEM +10% fetal bovine serum (FBS) or MesencultTM medium +10% FBS.The third passage of cells were used for surface antigen determination by flow cytometry and induced to differentiate towards osteoblasts and lipoblasts.MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: ①Identification of hUCB-MSCs.②Confirmation of hUCB-MSC differentiation by alizarin red and oil red staining.RESULTS: The mononuclear cells isolated by sedimented and centrifuged way cultured in MesencultTM medium +10% FBS were most available.Obvious colonies appeared in the third passage.The cells obtained by only centrifugation in density gradient were hard to form colony,and those isolated by immunomagnetic beads were hard to culture.The surface antigens of these colony cells presented CD29,CD59,and CD71,hut did not express CD34,CD45,and HLA-DR,and so on.After alizarin red staining,osteoblast-differentiating colony cell cytoplasm exhibited mineralized matrices.After old red staining,lipoblast-differentiating colony cell cytoplasm was full of lipid vacuoles.CONCLUSION: The MSCs can be successfully isolated by sedimenting red cells with methylcellulose followed by centrifugation and cultured in MesencultTM medium +10% FBS.Obvious colony growth appears in the third passage.After induction,the MSCs can differentiate into osteoblasts and lipoblasts.

Objective To explore a new model of medical humanity education in new situation. Methods Extensive survey was carried out among medical students,and discussion and consultation were hold to faculty and education administers.A new teaching model was established. Results A curriculum system with 1 or 2 core courses supported by some elective courses and social practice is under the process of implementation and achieved preliminary success.Conclusion The medical humanity education should pay attention to the development of connotation instead of pursuing the extension of quantity blindly,which means that students' school work must be eased by focusing on self-study and self-education.Medical students'life path with high-minded personality training should be strengthened.