K. There was no significant difference in the yield among the treatments of N+K, CK, P, N+P, and N, but the results of these five treatments were significantly higher than that of P+K and K. In addition, cichoric acid content did not considerably changed after treatment of various fertilizer combinations. For the second harvest date the yield of N, N+K, P, and N+P were 47.7%, 35.4%, 33.8%, and 12.3% higher respectively than that of CK, the yield of N+P+K, P+K, and K were 7.7%, 10.8%, and 28.5% lower respectively than that of CK. There was significant difference in the yield between the treatment of N and CK, the yield of K was significantly lower than that of CK. Conclusion The results indicate that cichoric acid content is not significantly affected by the treatment of various fertilizer combinations and the yield is strongly influenced by N fertilizer, weakly by P fertilizer, on the contrary the application of potassium chloride results in a decrease in yield.

Abscess ; Cysts ; Female ; Humans ; Maxillary Sinus ; Tooth Diseases ; Young Adult

Objective To establish and identify HPLC fingerprints of Panacis Japonici Rhizoma from different regions, and provide a scientific method for quality its control and standardization. Methods The fingerprints of Panacis Japonici Rhizoma were established based on HPLC method. The similarity evaluation, cluster analysis (CA), and principal component analysis (PCA) were applied for the experimental data, in order to find out the similarities and differences among the 10 batches of Panacis Japonici Rhizoma from different regions. Meanwhile, the qualitatively and quantitatively analyze were adopted in the common peaks of Panacis Japonici Rhizoma by total statistical moment method. Results The HPLC fingerprint with 16 common peaks was established, for the common chemical components, six were identified as ginsenoside Rg1, ginsenoside Re, ginsenoside Rb1, chikusetsusaponin V, chikusetsusaponin IV, and chikusetsusaponin IVa, respectively. Among them, the contents of chikusetsusaponin V and IV in different batches of Panacis JaponiciRhizoma samples showed little differences. The similarities of samples from various regions except S7 were over 0.90. The samples were classified into three categories by CA and PCA methods. The parameters of total statistical moment for five species of Panax genus showed significantly differences. Conclusion The developed HPLC fingerprint of Panacis Japonici Rhizoma combined with chemical pattern recognition can provide a scientific instruction for the quality control of Panacis Japonici Rhizoma and the differentiation of five herb medicines from Panax genus.

The network-based course is a teaching resource based on modern multimedia technology and network-based teaching environment.In order to improve the quality of teaching,we designed and developed the physiology interactive learning website,including online class,study column,online test and network resource database.The teaching practice indicates teaching by the website has many merits such as rich content,giving prominence to emphasis,combination of word and picture and good mutuality.

Objective To investigate the probability of assessment of hepatic fibrosis for liver transplantation using model for end-stage liver disease(MELD) by comparing the correlation of MELD score with Ishak pathological grading method. Methods Fifty-eight patients who underwent liver transplantation because of end-stage liver disease from February 2006 to September 2006 were performed quantitative hepatic fibrosis evaluation using computer-assisted digital image analysis. Pathological diagnosis according to the Ishak modified score was also performed. MELD scores were calculated using the original formula based on the clinical examination data collected on the admission days. The correlations among the image analysis method, Ishak grading and MELD scoring method were analyzed using the Spearman's rank correlation analysis. The linear relationship between the MELD scores and the degree of hepatic fibrosis shown from linear regression analysis was used to define the reference criterion. Results The hepatic fibrosis area ratios of the 58 patients were between 23.2 % and 88.4 % with average of 56.7% by computer-assisted digital image analysis. The MELD scores on the admission clays were between 11 and 38 with average of 22.85±9.32. The semi-quantitative Ishak classification showed that there were 0, 2, 7, 12, 18, 12, and 7 cases in each of the 7 grades respectively, the higher the grade the higher the hepatic fibrosis area ratio and the higher the MELD scores. Spearman rank correlation test indicated that there was significant correlation among these three methods(P ＜ 0.01). Linear regression analysis showed that there was a linear relationship between the MELD scores and the degree of hepatic fibrosis. Conclusions Computer-assisted digital image analysis can evaluate objectively the hepatic fibrosis degree and it is significantly correlated to the MELD system. Hepatic fibrosis degree can be evaluated by MELD scores.

OBJECTIVETo measure the effect of atorvastatin on COX-2 expression in monocytes in patients with acute myocardial infarction (AMI).

METHODSForty patients with AMI (AMI group) and 18 patients with stable coronary heart disease (control group) were enrolled, and patients with AMI were randomly given routine therapy (n = 20) and routine therapy plus atorvastatin (20 mg/day, n = 20) for a week. Peripheral blood monocytes for each participant including patients with AMI were isolated and cultured for 24 hours. During the culture, monocytes in patients with pretreatment AMI were incubated with celecoxib in different concentration (0, 0.1, 1 and 10 micromol/L). COX-2 mRNA expression in monocytes was measured by reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR); concentrations of interleukin-6 (IL-6) in supernatant from monocytes and plasma hs-CRP levels were measured by using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA).

RESULTSCOX-2 expression in monocytes in patients with AMI (0.92 +/- 0.13) was significantly higher than that in the control subjects (0.19 +/- 0.08), and decreased by 66% after atorvastatin (compared with that on routine therapy, P < 0.05); IL-6 secretions of monocytes in the AMI group (204.8 +/- 45.6 ng/L) increased dramatically compared with those in the control group (40.9 +/- 1.2 ng/L, P < 0.05), and reduced dramatically by 58% when incubated with 10 micromol/L celecoxib (P < 0.05) in a concentration-dependent manner; plasma levels of CRP in the AMI group (43.3 +/- 14.9 mg/L) significantly increased compared with those in the control group (1.7 +/- 0.8 mg/L), and reduced by 62% after atorvastatin (compared with those in the routine therapy group, P < 0.05). COX-2 expression in monocytes in the AMI group was positively correlated with both secretions of IL-6 and plasma level of CRP (r = 0.636 and 0.662, respectively, both P < 0.05).

CONCLUSIONSThere is an inflammatory activation in peripheral blood monocytes in patients with early AMI, and the monocytes-derived COX-2 may play an important role in promoting early inflammatory process. Atorvastatin may decrease COX-2 expression in peripheral blood monocytes in patients with AMI and cyclooxygenase-dependent pathway might be correlated with the anti-inflammation mechanism of statin.

Aged ; Atorvastatin Calcium ; Cyclooxygenase 2 ; metabolism ; Female ; Heptanoic Acids ; therapeutic use ; Humans ; Inflammation ; Interleukin-6 ; metabolism ; Leukocytes, Mononuclear ; drug effects ; metabolism ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Myocardial Infarction ; drug therapy ; metabolism ; Pyrroles ; therapeutic use ; RNA, Messenger ; genetics

OBJECTIVETo observe the effect of Yangjing Zhongyu Decoction (YZD) on mRNA and protein expression of PCNA, StAR, and FSHR in ovarian granulose cells (GCs) cultured by excess androgen.

METHODSOvarian GCs from porcine follicles were isolated and cultured in vitro. Follicular stimulating hormone (FSH) or YZD was added in the GCs treated by excess testosterone propionate. Totally 48 h later mRNA and protein expression of PCNA, StAR, and FSHR were detected by RT-PCR and Western blot.

RESULTSExcess androgen inhibited mRNA and protein expression of PCNA, StAR, and FSHR of GCs. FSH and YZD could antagonize inhibition of excess androgens, and promote mRNA and protein expression of PCNA, StAR, and FSHR in GCs.

CONCLUSIONYZD could antagonize the inhibition of excess androgen on mRNA and protein expression of PCNA, StAR and FSHR in GCs. Thus, we inferred that YZD could improve the follicle dysplasia by promoting mRNA and protein expression of PCNA, StAR and FSHR in GCs.

Androgens ; pharmacology ; Animals ; Cells, Cultured ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; pharmacology ; Female ; Follicle Stimulating Hormone ; pharmacology ; Granulosa Cells ; cytology ; drug effects ; metabolism ; Membrane Transport Proteins ; genetics ; metabolism ; Ovarian Follicle ; cytology ; drug effects ; Proliferating Cell Nuclear Antigen ; genetics ; metabolism ; RNA, Messenger ; genetics ; Receptors, FSH ; genetics ; metabolism ; Swine

Objective To observe whether the expression of interferon-regulatory factor genes are re- lated to systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE).Methods The clinical data of 45 SLE patients and 37 normal controls were collected.Total RNA of peripheral blood was extracted and transcripted into cDNA.Sybr green dye based real-time quantitative PCR method was used to compare the expression (indicated as-??Ct value) of IRFI,IRF4,IRF8 in patients with SLE and those in the controls.Results The levels of IRF1,IRF4 and IRF8 mRNA were-3.90?0.19,-8.04?0.25 and 3.60?0.15 respectively in normal controls.In SLE patients, IRF4 mRNA expression was -8.82?0.18,higher than that in normal (P=0.011).But IRF8 mRNA expression was 3.09?0.13,lower than that in normal (P=0.012).Conclusion Abnormal IRF mRNA expression is found in the peripheral blood of SLE patients.IRFs may play roles in the pathogenesis of SLE by affecting the differen- tiation of Th cells.

OBJECTIVETo observe the effect of transcutaneous electrical acupoint stimulation (TEAS) on nausea and vomiting (N&V) induced by patient controlled intravenous analgesia (PCIA) with Tramadol.

METHODSSixty patients who were ready to receive scheduled operation for tumor in the head-neck region and post-operation PCIA, aged 39-65 years, with the physique grades I-II of ASA, were randomized into two groups, A and B, 30 in each group. The pre-operation medication, induction of analgesia and continuous anesthesia used in the two groups were the same. TEAS on bilateral Hegu (LI4) and Neiguan (PC6) points was intermittently applied to the patients in group A starting from 30 min before analgesia induction to 24 h after operation, and the incidence and score of nausea and vomiting, antiemetic used, visual analogue scores (VAS), and PCIA pressing times in 4 time segments (0-4, 4-8, 8-12 and 12-24 h after the operation was finished) were determined. The same management was applied to patients in Group B, with sham TEAS for control.

RESULTSThe incidence and degree of N&V, as well as the number of patients who needed remedial antiemetic in Group A were less than those in Group B. The VAS score and PCIA pressing time were lower in Group A than those in Group B in the corresponding time segments respectively.

CONCLUSIONTEAS could prevent N&V induced by PCIA with Tramadol.

Acupuncture Points ; Adult ; Aged ; Analgesia, Patient-Controlled ; Analgesics, Opioid ; adverse effects ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Nausea ; prevention & control ; Tramadol ; adverse effects ; Transcutaneous Electric Nerve Stimulation ; Vomiting ; prevention & control

BACKGROUND: Stem cells are the potentially immortal cells capable of self-renewal, which are essential to the mystery of human development and aging, and are also the core of research for regenerative medicine. OBJECTIVE: To summarize the biological characteristics of embryonic stem cells, adult stem cells and induced pluripotent stem cells, to review the clinical and commercial applications in stem cell therapy and drug screening, and to analyze the problems and prospects in stem cell industry. METHODS: We searched relevant articles about stem cell models in PubMed and CNKI databases during 1995 to 2017 on internet, and took"stem cells, embryonic stem cells, adult stem cells, induced pluripotent stem cells, stem cell therapy, drug screening" as the keywords in English and Chinese, respectively. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: According to the origin, stem cell models are divided into three types: embryonic stem cells, adult stem cells and induced pluripotent stem cells. Different types of stem cells have their unique biological advantages. Embryonic stem cells can generate all somatic cell types, but the application is limited by ethical disputes. As for adult stem cells, there are the most extensive and in-depth, studies as the well as the most prevalent and mature applications. Induced pluripotent stem cells have similar characteristics as embryonic stem cells, and furthermore their use avoids source restriction, moral and ethical controversies, bringing new opportunities for stem cell application. Stem cell-based cell therapy has shown successful achievement. There have been a few commercial products about adult stem cells-based cell therapy; in the meanwhile both embryonic stem cells and induced pluripotent stem cells are making their way into clinical trials. In addition, pluripotent stem cells hold great promise for the specific drug screening because they enable scientists to establish a variety of cell and disease models in vitro.