0.05).(3)Pathological score of C group at 1h and 3h was significantly higher than the A group(P0.05).Conclusions (Urokinase) LAI can improve the microcirculation of rats with SAP,but can not completely prevent the(pathological) changes of SAP.

Objective To study the effects of asiaticoside on the growth of melanoma B16 cell cultures in vitro. Methods Melanoma B16 cells were subcultured and the inhibition of cellular growth was investigated. The morphology of the cells was observed after inhibition. The induction of apoptosis by asiaticoside was determined by flow cytometry. Results It was found that asiaticoside could significantly inhibit the growth of B16 cell cultures in vitro in a dose-dependent manner. The annexin-v positive cells were increased, along with that cells intaking R123 marked mitochondria were decreased, and PI positive cells increased, which indicated that cellular apoptosis was induced. Conclusion Asiaticoside plays an inhibitory role in the growth of melanoma B16 cells.

The relationship between sub-health and " pro-disease" in Chinese medicine was clarified through analyzing the background of sub-health coming forth and its connotation, as well as the multiple meaning of "pro-disease" in Chinese medicine. The authors offered, thereupon, their clews and methods for treatment of "pro-disease" and intervention on sub-health.
Health Status ; Humans ; Medicine, Chinese Traditional ; methods

This paper presents a novel x-ray dose testing water tank used for the stereotactic radiation therapy system, including its constitution, structure and the method of using it. The water tank has a simple structure of inner and outer sleeves which are connected through a drowned pump and a water pipe in order to control the water level of the tank. The water tank featuring autoregulation and easy use is worthy of clinical application and popularization.
Equipment Design ; Radiosurgery ; instrumentation ; methods ; Radiotherapy Dosage ; Radiotherapy Planning, Computer-Assisted ; instrumentation ; methods

Objective To explore the influence of plasma matrix metalloproteinase-7 ( MMP-7 ) levels and genetic polymorphism of MMP-7 - 181 A/G on the stability of carotid plaque.Method According to carotid ultrasound examination, 503 patients with carotid atherosclerotic lesions were consecutively recruited and divided into vulnerable plaque group (n = 118) and stable plaque group (n = 385).Plasma MMP-7 levels were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), and MMP-7 -181 A/G genotypes were determined by polymerase chain reaction-restiction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP).Results Plasma MMP-7 levels in carotid vulnerable plaque group were significantly enhanced as compared to stable plaque group (t =5.49, P =0.00).The frequency of MMP-7 -181G allele in vulnerable plaque group was significantly higher than that in stable plaque group (11.4% vs 7.0% ,χ2 = 4.78, P= 0.029).Compared to AA genotype, the genotypes with - 181G allele (AG + GG) significantly increased susceptibility to carotid vulnerable plaque ( χ2 = 5.01, OR = 1.81, P = 0.025 ) .When further analyzing the relationship between genotype and plasma MMP-7 levels, no significant differences of plasma MMP-7 levels were observed between AA genotype and AG + GG genotype in stable plaque group.However, in vulnerable plaque group, plasma MMP-7 levels of AG + GG genotype were significantly higher than that of AA genotype( t = 2.62, P = 0.01).Conclusion The present findings suggest that plasma MMP-7 level may be a biomarker for carotid vulnerable plaque.Genetic polymorphism of - 181 A/G in MMP-7 promoter may affect the expression of MMP-7, and seems to be implicated in susceptibility to carotid vulnerable plaque.

Objective To investigate the clinical features,diagnostic modalities and treatment of duodenal Brunner′gland adenoma(BGA).Methods Fifteen patients with duodenal BGA were evaluated base on clinical presentations,the results of serologic test,barium meal examination,gastroscopy and endoscopic ultrasonography(EUS)as well as treatment.The post-operative histological results were compared with pre-operation EUS findings.Results Eight out of 15 patients with duodenal BGA had presentations,including duodenal ulcer(4 patients),upper gastrointestinal hemorrhage (4 patients). The serologic tests of all patients were within the normal limits.Six patients underwent barium meal examination and 13 patients received gastroscopy.Seven patients underwent surgical treatment and 8 patients received endoscopic resection.The post-operative histological results were compatible with the pre-operative EUS findings.Conclusions Duodenal BGA is a benign tumor.EUS was helpful in making the diagnosis and determination of treatment methods(surgical operation or endoscopic resection).

Objective To know the quality of iodized salt and the current situation of the salt coverage in Tibet,and to provide scientific basis for proposing proper prevention and control measures to Iodine dificiency disorders(IDD). Methods In 2008, according to the "Sampling Methods of the Main Products in the Salt Industry",one batch fifteen salt samples were collected in iodized salt processing factory in Tibet. Five townships were chosen in each county based on 5 different directions of east, south, west, north and center. If the monitoring county has less than five townships, then all of the townships were sampled. In each township, four villages were selected withrandom sampling and importance sampling. In each township, 15 households were selected for salt collection. Results A batch of 15 salt samples in a salt processing plant were tested, and all of them were qualified with salt iodine(34.6±1.58) mg/kg. A total of 21 107 edible salt samples were tested, and 11 203 of them were qualified iodized salt. These results meant that the provincial iodized salt coverage rate was 53.08%. Shannan iodized salt coverage rate was 94.31% (3395/3600) which was the highest in Tibet. Those of Nagqu, Changdu, Ngari were lower, they were 29.84% (897/3006), 24.94% (823/3300) and 17.08% (205/1200), respectively. Conclusions The quality of iodized salt in Tibet is up to the national standard, but the coverage rate of iodized salt is very low.We suggest that the strategy should be carried out according to the national overall program strategy and supplement iodized oil capsule for special groups.

Abstract: Objective　To collect and organize malaria case data in Hubei Province from 2017 to 2021, compare and analyze the malaria epidemic characteristics on the before and after malaria elimination, and provide scientific support for Hubei Province to further optimize the comprehensive strategies to prevent re-transmission after the elimination of malaria. Methods The study was conducted by collecting the data of reported malaria cases of Hubei during 2017-2021 from the Infectious Disease Surveillance Reporting and Management System, and conducting the epidemiological characteristics of malaria on pre-elimination (2017-2019) and post-elimination (2020-2021). Results A total of 429 cases of imported malaria were reported in Hubei Province from 2017 to 2021, and the malaria epidemic showed an obvious trend of rising first and then falling. On the pre-malaria elimination, 374 malaria cases were reported, including 262 cases of P.falciparum (70.05%); on the post-malaria elimination, 55 malaria cases were reported, including 25 cases of P.falciparum (45.45%). There was a statistically significant difference in the proportion of infections caused by the four types of malaria parasites before and after the elimination of malaria (χ2=14.248, P<0.05). On the pre-malaria elimination, the peak of disease onset mainly occurred in January, July, and November; on the post-malaria elimination, the peak of disease onset mainly occurred in January to February, and December. Both before and after malaria elimination, the reported cases were mainly concentrated in Wuhan, Yichang, Huangshi, Xiangyang, Shiyan and Huanggang, but the range of cases showed a clear trend of narrowing. Before and after malaria elimination, malaria cases in Hubei Province were mainly among young and middle-aged males aged 30-49. The proportions of workers and migrant workers increased from 37.70% and 9.09% before the elimination to 50.91% and 18.18% after the elimination, respectively, with a statistically significant difference (χ2=17.839, P<0.05). The percentage of interval from onset of illness to initial diagnosis ≥ 5d decreased from 21.66% before the elimination to 10.91% after the elimination (χ2=6.448, P<0.05). The percentage of definitive diagnosis of malaria at initial diagnosis in town clinic increased from 18.18% before the elimination to 50.00% after the elimination. The proportion of malaria cases diagnosed by county-level medical institutions increased from 22.73% before the elimination to 34.55% after elimination. There was no statistically significant difference in the proportion of malaria cases diagnosed by medical institutions at all levels before and after the elimination of malaria (χ2=5.630, P>0.05). The proportion of cases with the interval between initial diagnosis and diagnosis within 24h increased from 43.85% before the elimination to 70.91% after the elimination. There was a statistically significant difference in the proportion of cases with the interval between initial diagnosis and diagnosis before and after the elimination of malaria (χ2=14.006, P<0.05). Before and after malaria elimination, all reported cases were mainly imported from African countries. Conclusions There are imported malaria cases reported every year in Hubei Province before and after the elimination of malaria, which poses a great challenge to the prevention of re-transmission. Therefore, it is necessary to strengthen the surveillance system, detect and standardize the treatment of imported malaria cases in a timely manner, conduct targeted retransmission risk surveys and assessments, and consolidate the achievements of malaria elimination.

OBJECTIVETo study the role of RpoE and RpoS on the influence of the metabolism and growth of bacterial under hyperosmotic stress.

METHODSThe rpoS/rpoE double deletion mutant of Salmonella enterica serovar typhi (S. typhi) was prepared by homologous recombination through the suicide plasmid mediated. The recombination was visualized by PCR. Growth curves were drawn by using photometric value A600 as the ordinate and cultivation time as abscissa. The survival abilities of bacterial were compared under hyperosmotic stress. Statistical differences of early logarithmic growth stage (4 h) and laters logarithmic growth stage (12 h) were analyzed by one-way ANOVA. The expression difference of metabolism related genes of wild-type and mutant strains of S. Typhi incubated under hyperosmotic stress were investigated by Salmonella genomic DNA microarray. Real-time quantitative PCR (qRT-PCR) was performed to validate the results of microarray assay in some selected genes.

RESULTSThe rpoS/rpoE double deletion mutant of S. Typhi was successfully generated. The analysis of growth curve showed that the 4-hour and 12-hour A600 values were separately 0.503 ± 0.018 and 2.060 ± 0.112 in rpoS deletion mutant strains, 0.293 ± 0.053 and 1.933 ± 0.115 in rpoE deletion mutant strains, and 0.051 ± 0.007 and 0.963 ± 0.111 in rpoS/rpoE double deletion mutant strains; all of which were lower than the values of wild-type strains, who were 0.725 ± 0.097 and 2.496 ± 0.171, respectively. The difference were statistically significant (P < 0.05). The genomic DNA microarray revealed that 42 genes relevant with bacterial metabolism were influenced by RpoE and RpoS. Results of qRT-PCR showed that the expression values of rpsE, rbsK, nusG and etuB in rpoS deletion mutant strains were (1.86 ± 0.14)×10(6), (1.37 ± 0.11)×10(6), (2.72 ± 0.58)×10(6) and (8.27 ± 1.01)×10(6) copies/µg, respectively; while those in rpoE deletion mutant strains were (2.19 ± 0.17)×10(6), (1.51 ± 0.12)×10(6), (2.73 ± 0.57)×10(6) and (9.63 ± 1.42)×10(6) copies/µg, respectively. Compared with the values in wild-type strains, which were separately (1.94 ± 0.10)×10(6), (1.52 ± 0.11)×10(6), (2.39 ± 0.52)×10(6) and (10.83 ± 1.52)×10(6) copies/µg, the differences was not statistical significance (P > 0.05). However, compared with the values in rpoS/rpoE double mutant strains, which were separately (5.64 ± 0.59)×10(6), (4.17 ± 0.40)×10(6), (9.44 ± 1.22)×10(6) and (2.95 ± 0.88)×10(6) copies/µg, the difference was significant (P < 0.05).

CONCLUSIONRpoE and RpoS could influence the expression of lots of metabolism genes. Together, they regulated the metabolism and growth of S. Typhi under hyperosmotic stress.

Bacterial Proteins ; genetics ; Gene Deletion ; Osmosis ; Salmonella typhi ; genetics ; growth & development ; metabolism ; Sigma Factor ; genetics ; Stress, Physiological

OBJECTIVEThe aim of the study was to investigate the positivity of human papillomavirus (HPV) and the possible related risk factors for HPV infection in certain district government in Daqing city, Heilongjiang province.

METHODSA total of 2015 female staffs who participated cervical cancer screening were selected as subjects, in certain district government in Daqing city, Heilongjiang province, from June to October, 2010. First of all, a standardized questionnaire was used for collection of subject's demographic information and possible risk factors. Afterwards, cervical cytological and HPV DNA testing were applied to all participants. Subjects with suspected cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN) or cervical cancer were recalled for taking biopsy under colposcopy for further histopathological diagnosis. Standardized HPV positivity by Segi's world population and compared the difference of HPV positivity of different types. The positivity of HPV between women with and without cervical abnormalities were compared by unconditional logistic regression. And the possible risk factors for HPV infection were also investigated.

RESULTSA total of 1759 out of 2015 subjects had gynecological examination, among which 152 subjects were HPV positive. The positivity of HPV was 8.64% (95%CI: 7.37% - 10.05%), and it was 8.47% (95%CI: 7.93% - 9.03%) after age standardization. Finally, 57 (3.24%) and 1702 (96.76%) subjects had abnormal (≥ CIN1 or low-grade squamous intraepithelial lesion (LSIL)) and normal cervix, respectively. The HPV positivity between women with and without cervical abnormalities were 73.68% (42/57) and 6.46% (110/1702), respectively. There was a significant difference (χ(2) = 307.23, P < 0.05) in HPV positivity between women with and without cervical abnormalities. The risk of cervical abnormalities for women with HPV positivity was 40.52 times (95%CI: 21.79 - 75.36) higher than that for women with HPV negativity. Among women with cervical abnormalities, the most three common HPV types, in descending order, were HPV16 (28.07% (16/57)), HPV52 (14.04% (8/57)) and HPV58 (12.28% (7/57)). While among women with normal cervix, the most three common HPV types were HPV52 (1.23% (21/1702)), HPV16 (1.00% (17/1702)) and HPV58 (0.71% (12/1702)). The positivity of HPV clade A9 among women with and without cervical abnormalities were 59.65% (34/57) and 3.23% (55/1702), which were higher than that of other clades. Analysis for risk factors of HPV infection showed that smoking (OR = 2.71, 95%CI: 1.00 - 7.33), late age (≥ 15 years old) of menarche (OR = 1.44, 95%CI: 1.00 - 2.05), early age (≤ 20 years old) of marriage (OR = 3.09, 95%CI: 1.30 - 7.35), multiple (≥ 2) sexual partners (OR = 2.69, 95%CI: 1.46 - 4.95), husband's extramarital sexual behaviors (OR = 2.77, 95%CI: 1.25 - 6.12) and multiple (≥ 2 times) parity (OR = 1.77, 95%CI: 1.03 - 3.03) would increase the risk of HPV positivity.

CONCLUSIONHPV positivity among women with cervical abnormalities was significantly higher than that among women with normal cervix. HPV16, 52, 58 were the major genotypes among the study population. Smoking, late age of menarche, early age of marriage, multiple sexual partners, husband extramarital sexual behaviors and multiple parity increase the risk of HPV infection.

Adult ; Aged ; Case-Control Studies ; Cervical Intraepithelial Neoplasia ; epidemiology ; virology ; Cervix Uteri ; pathology ; virology ; China ; epidemiology ; DNA, Viral ; isolation & purification ; Early Detection of Cancer ; Female ; Humans ; Middle Aged ; Papillomaviridae ; isolation & purification ; Papillomavirus Infections ; epidemiology ; virology ; Risk Factors ; Young Adult