The immunogenicity and protective efficacy of combined DNA priming, Bacillus Calmeette Guerin(BCG) boosting vaccination in mice were examined. Following intravenous challenge with virulent M. tuberculosis H37Rv, the BCG boost approach resulted in significant protection in both lungs (1.3, P

In recent years, the targeted protein degradation technology has developed quickly, with proteolysis-targeting chimera (PROTAC) as the best-known strategy through exploring the ubiquitin-proteasome system. A number of new targeted protein degradation strategies have been emerging to expand the scope of protein degradation technology, including lysosome-targeting chimeras (LYTACs), autophagy-targeting chimeras (AUTACs), autophagosome-tethering compounds (ATTECs) and chimeras based on chaperone-mediated autophagy (CMA). The emerging methodologies have explored another important protein degradation system in eukaryotes-lysosomal systems, such as the endosome-lysosome pathway and the autophagy-lysosome pathway. This review summaries the mechanisms and features of different strategies for targeted protein degradation, with a special emphasis on the new targeted protein degradation technologies, such as their current status, advantages and limitations.

OBJECTIVE:To systematically review the efficacy and safety of lamivudine(LAM)combined with adefovir dipiv-oxil (ADV) versus entecavir (ETV)alone in the treatment of decompensated HBV-associated cirrhosis. METHODS:Retrieved from PubMed,Cochrane Library,CBM,CNKI,VIP and WangFang Database, randomized controlled trails (RCT) about LAM combined with ADV(combination group)versus ETV(control group)in the treatment of decompensated HBV-associated cirrhosis were collected. Meta-analysis was performed by using Stata 11.0 software after data extraction and quality evaluation. RESULTS:Totally 13 RCTs were included,involving 972 patients. Results of Meta-analysis showed,there were no significant differences in the serum alanine transaminase (ALT)[SMD=0.079,95%CI(-0.086,0.244),P=0.348],total bilirubin (TBIL) [SMD=0.056, 95%CI(-0.118,0.230),P=0.529],ALB[SMD=-0.020,95%CI(-0.494,0.454),P=0.935],HBV-DNA negative conversion rate [RR=1.012,95%CI(0.950,1.079),P=0.710],HBV e antigen(HBeAg)seroconversion rate [RR=1.181,95%CI(0.969,1.439), P=0.099],HBeAg negative conversion rate [RR=1.011,95%CI(0.860,1.189),P=0.893],follow-up 96 week liver function Child-Turcotte-Pugh score [SMD=-0.063,95%CI(-0.299,0.173),P=0.601],virological breakthrough rate [RR=1.562,95%CI (0.471,5.178),P=0.466],mortality rate [RR=1.198,95%CI(0.624,2.300),P=0.587] and the incidence of adverse reactions [RR=1.552,95%CI(0.618,3.900),P=0.349]in 2 groups;follow-up 48 week liver function CTP score in combination group was significantly higher than control group,the difference was statistically significant [SMD=0.352,95%CI(0.031,0.672),P=0.031]. CONCLUSIONS:LAM combined with ADV shows similar efficacy and safety to ETV in the treatment of decompensated HBV-as-sociated cirrhosis,but within short term(48 weeks),ETV is more likely to inhibit the development of liver fibrosis of the chronic HBV patients,and even can reverse liver fibrosis and cirrhosis.

Acupuncture Therapy ; Child ; Child, Preschool ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Narcolepsy ; therapy ; Qi

To explore the clinical diagnosis methods of SARS virus infection, and analyze the value of ELISA by which the SARS-Ab was detected. The results show ed that the control group was negative, the positive detection rate was respective ly 2.7% and 92% before and after 12 days when the patients got the SARS in the t est group, and the total positive rate was 94.4%. But the detection rate was 3 1% among 29 suspected patients. In a word, the ELISA method was high specified. Th e detection rate was lower before 12 days and higher after 13 to 16 days when th e patients got the SARS.

Background Researches showed that the incidence rate of cataract is high in the nickel mining area. Nickel sulphate can apparently inhibit the metabolism and proliferation of human lens epithelium cells. But the study on the injury mechanism of nickel on lens is still seldom. Objective Present study was to investigate the effect of nickel sulphate on the lens of SD rats. Methods Forty-five SPF SD rats aged from 7 to 14 days were grouped randomly into subcutaneous injection group, intraperitoneal injection group and blank group. Nickel sulphate of 2 g/L ( 10 mg/kg) was subcutaneously or intraperitonealy injected for 45 days. The opacity of rat lens was examined under the slit lamp at two-week interval and scored based on the criteria of LOCS II and LOCS III. The rats were sacrificed in 45 days after experiment and the lens were obtained for the pathological examination. Result The mean score of the anterior subcapsule opacity of rat lens was obviously higher in subcutaneous injection group compared with blank control group with a significant difference between them (t= 14. 311, P < 0. 05 ) , but no significant difference in the anterior subcapsule opacity between intraperitoneal injection group and blank control group (t = 4. 355 , P>0. 05 ). The score of posterior subcapsule opacity of lens were evidently higher in both subcutaneous injection group and intraperitoneal injection group than the blank control group (t = 9. 316,P = 0. 004;t = 7. 464, P = 0. 009) ,so was the mean score of the anterior +posterior subcapsule opacities(t = 23. 387,P=0. 000;t= 10. 533,P = 0. 002) and the total score of rat lens opacity ( t = 12. 358 , P = 0. 001; t = 10. 188 , P = 0. 003 ) . No significant differences were found in cortex opacity score and nuclear opacity score among three groups ( P > 0.05 ). Histopathology examination revealed that the degeneration of lens collagen protein was more serious in subcutaneous injection group and intraperitoneal injection group than the blank control group,and the injury degree of lens collagen protein was more dominant in subcutaneous injection group. Conclusion System administration of nickel sulphate induced the injury of anterior and posterior subcapsule of lens in SD rat.

or older during the outbreak epidemic of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) Omicron variant in Sanya City, Hainan Province, August-September 2022, and to provide scientific and effective basis for formulating strategies for the prevention and treatment of COVID-19 in the elderly in the future. Methods　The data of 1 785 COVID-19 cases aged ≥60 years reported from August 1 to September 8, 2022 in Sanya City, and 537 local COVID-19 inpatients aged ≥60 years treated in Sanya Central Hospital were collected and analyzed using WPS Office 2018 software for data cleaning, database assistance, and drawing, and SPSS 22.0 software was used to statistically describe and analyze the counting data. Results　A total of 1 785 local COVID-19 cases aged ≥60 years were reported in China's Disease Prevention and Control Information System, including 1 509 confirmed cases (84.54%) and 276 asymptomatic cases (15.46%). Of the confirmed cases, 1 448 were mild cases (95.96%), 40 were common cases (2.65%), 10 were severe cases (0.66%), and 11 were critical cases (0.73%), and no deaths were reported. The ratio of male to female was 0.88∶1. The youngest was 60 years old, the oldest age was 107 years old, with a median age of 67 years old. Most of them (1 559 cases, 87.34%) were non-social employed personnel. Among them, 952 (53.33%) were from Tianya District and 733 (41.06%) from Jiyang District. Among the 537 COVID-19 elderly infected patients hospitalized in Sanya Central Hospital, infected patients with underlying diseases accounted for 287 (53.45%) cases of hypertension, diabetes and other types of basic diseases (chronic kidney disease, hyperlipidemia, chronic gastritis, gastric ulcer, etc.), and there were serious infections. Conclusions　Most of the elderly infected with Omicron variants were mild cases with few symptoms, but the elderly infected with Omicron variants were difficult to recover or even worsen the condition due to old age and underlying diseases. Therefore, by analyzing the various aspects of elderly infected cases, scientific and effective basis can be provided to prevent and control the epidemic situation in the future, and reduce the occurrence of severe, critical and death cases of COVID-19 in the elderly.

Abnormalities, Multiple ; Bronchial Diseases ; complications ; Bronchoscopy ; Child ; Child, Preschool ; Female ; Foreign Bodies ; complications ; Humans ; Infant ; Lung ; diagnostic imaging ; pathology ; Male ; Radiography ; Respiratory System Abnormalities ; complications ; Respiratory Tract Diseases ; etiology ; pathology

Adenocarcinoma ; metabolism ; secondary ; Adult ; Aged ; CDX2 Transcription Factor ; Carcinoma, Signet Ring Cell ; metabolism ; pathology ; Colonic Neoplasms ; metabolism ; pathology ; Cystadenocarcinoma, Mucinous ; metabolism ; pathology ; Cystadenocarcinoma, Serous ; metabolism ; pathology ; Diagnosis, Differential ; Female ; Homeodomain Proteins ; metabolism ; Humans ; Keratin-20 ; metabolism ; Keratin-7 ; metabolism ; Middle Aged ; Ovarian Neoplasms ; metabolism ; pathology ; secondary ; Trans-Activators ; metabolism ; Young Adult