Clinical work is the core of a hospital. The level of the clinical work and scientific research are the major indexes for the evaluation of a hospital or a clinician. However, there seems contradiction between the clinical work and scientific research. For hospital administration and clinicians, it is important to adopt clinical work as the center, and conduct research around the clinical practice, which will facilitate the transition from the scientific research to clinical application. Eventually the clinical work will improve and medical science will develop.

Objective To explore the anti-tumor effect and the influence of antitumor immunity of PD-L1/PD-1 blocked by PD-1 antibody combined with cisplatin. Methods Tumor models were established by injecting TC-1 cells into C57BL/6 mice, and the mice were divided into four groups (n = 4). The tumor growth curves and survival curves were drawn to observe the anti-tumor effect. The tumors were then removed; and the PD-L1 and CD8+ T cells were analyzed by immunohistochemical method. Results The anti-tumor effect was greater in the cisplatin group , PD-1 antibody group , and PD-1 antibody plus cisplatin group than in the control group (P < 0.05). Expression of PD-L1 in the tumor tissues was markedly increased in the cisplatin group and it was obviously decreased in the combination group (P < 0.05). CD8+ T cells decreased in the cisplatin group; and expression of CD8+ T cells was significantly increased the combination group (P < 0.05). Conclusion The anti-tumor effect and anti-tumor immunity of cisplatin are enhanced by blocking PD-L1/PD-1 pathway with PD-1 antibody.

ObjectiveTo study the characteristic of apoptosis and the expression of interleukin-1β(IL-1β)and caspase-3, as well as the relation among them after spinal cord injury(SCI) in rats.MethodsAdult SD rats were divided into two groups randomly: sham group and spinal cord injury group. The rats were killed at 1 h, 8 h, 24 h, and 72h after surgery. The expression of IL-1β and caspase-3 was determined with immunohistochemistry and the apoptosis was labeled by TUNEL.ResultsThere was only a few cells that expressed low level IL-1β and caspase-3 in sham group, but they both enhanced in SCI group within 8 h after operation, and then decreased to the level similar to sham group 72 h after operation. The rates of TUNEL-positive cells were similar with that of IL-1β and caspase-3 after SCI. There was positive correlation among expression of IL-1β and caspase-3 and apoptosis index.ConclusionExpression of IL-1β and caspase-3 increase and a large number of TUNEL-positive cells present after SCI in rats, and there is positive correlation among them.

Objective To investigate the relationship between the expression of MMP-7 in peripher- al blood and esophageal cancer.Methods By using Real time RT-PCR, blood samples from 82 cases with postoperative esophageal cancer were detected.Results 37.8 %(32/82)patients were positive for MMP-7 mRNA expression.MMP-7 mRNA positivity significantly correlated with lymph node metastasis,stage,and hematogeneous metastasis.Recurrent disease was found in 28 of 82 cases. Of 28 patients experiencing re- lapse,15 patients were serially follow-up in every three months.The number positive of MMP-7 mRNA be- fore detection by imaging,at the same time of detection by imaging,and after detection by imaging was 5 cas- es,8 cases and 2 cases respectively.Conclusion Examination of MMP-7 mRNA in peripheral blood during follow-up is useful for early detection of occult recurrence.

Objective To compare the oxygen saturation between the blood of superior vena cava and mixed venous in lung transplantation and provide reference for monitoring method in anesthesia. Methods 30 patients who received lung transplantation were placed central venous catheter into superior vena cava and flotation catheter into the pulmonary artery in turn. The blood samples were collected from the superior vena cava and pulmonary artery for blood gas analysis simultaneously at the time of just followed the catheter placement (T1), before the resection of the first bad lung (T2), after the reperfusion of the first donor lung (T3), before the resection of the second bad lung (T4), after the reperfusion of the second donor lung (T5), before the end of the operation (T6). The oxygen saturation were compared between the blood of the superior vena cava and mixed venous. Results From T1 to T6, Bland-Altman analysis showed that the mean of deviation between the SpO2 measured in blood of superior vena cava and mixed venous were 0.5, 3.4, 2.3, 0.5, 0.27,-2.9, respectively, and the incidence beyond the upper and lowed limits of consistency zone was 3.3%, 0%, 0%, 3.3%, 3.3%, 0%respectively. The incidence of SpO2 within the consistent limits was 96.7%, 100%, 100%, 96.7%, 96.7%, 100% respectively. Conclusions The SpO2 of superior vena cava may be approximately reference as SpO2 of mixed venous during lung transplantation.

Objective To evaluate the impact of the project diverting the Yangtze River water to the Northern Jiangsu on transmission towards the north of Oncomelania hupensis snails, in order to provide the scientific basis for the South-North Water Diversion Project (east route). Methods The running situation of the water diversion project, the data on hydrology of the waterway and the distribution of snails and schistosomiasis were investigated with the methods of epidemiology、hydrology and field test. Results There was no significant correlation between the region of waterhead and water supply on the change of snail areas. There was no significant correlation between the snail areas of the region of water supply and the volume of water diversion, either. The snail habitat was stable at the Gaoyou segment along the Grand Canal. The snail habitat in the natural place of the north of 33?15′ north latitude on the east route has not been discovered yet. Conclusion There is no sign of transmission towards north on the snail habitat at the Gaoyou segment along the Grand Canal since the project was constructed in 1961. There is no evidence that the project leads to the spread of snails and schistosomiasis, either.

OBJECTIVETo compare the clinical efficacy differences between acupoint catgut embedding and Kuntai capsule for perimenopausal syndrome, so as to provide an effective treatment method for perimenopausal syndrome.

METHODSThirty-three cases in the embedding group were treated with acupoint catgut embedding at back-shu points and front-mu points of liver, spleen and kidney combined with syndrome differentiation and disease differentiation, ten days per times; the Kuntai group was treated with oral administration of Kuntai capsule, 4 capsules each time, three times per day. The Kupperman index (KI) was observed in the two groups before treatment after 10 days, 30 days and 60 days of treatment, respectively; the efficacy was evaluated according to the ratio of KI.

RESULTSAfter the treatment, as treatment proceeded, the score of KI and ratio of KI were gradually reduced in two groups; the score of KI and ratio of KI in the embedding group after 10 days of treatment was lower than those in the Kuntai group (both P<0.05); after 10 days of treatment, the total effective rate was 36.4% (12/33) in the embedding group, which was superior to 3.0% (1/33) in the Kuntai group (P<0.05); however, after 30 days and 60 days of treatment, the differences of each index between two groups were not statistically significant (all P>0.05).

CONCLUSIONBoth the acupoint catgut embedding and Kuntai capsule could reduce the score of KI and improve clinical symptoms, and the acupoint catgut embedding has certain advantage on the early stage of treatment.

Acupuncture Points ; Acupuncture Therapy ; instrumentation ; Adult ; Catgut ; Female ; Humans ; Middle Aged ; Perimenopause ; physiology ; Treatment Outcome

Objective To identify the influencing factors for the quality and efficiency of standardized resident training in order to scientifically select and train qualified resident physicians.MethodsThe exam passing rate served as the indicator to measure the quality of training; the year(s) used to pass the exam the indicator to measure the efficiency,while such methods as descriptive study,chi-square test,logistic regression,rank sum test and stratified analysis were used for data analysis and processing. ResultsThe exam passing rate of research postgraduates is lower than clinical postgraduates,the year(s) needed to pass the exam of research postgraduates is longer than clinical postgraduates. Conclusion Clinical postgraduates deserve higher priority in selecting clinicians.Research-based postgraduates shifted to clinical work require a longer training time.

Abortion, Spontaneous ; diagnosis ; genetics ; metabolism ; Cyclin-Dependent Kinase Inhibitor p57 ; metabolism ; Diagnosis, Differential ; Female ; Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic ; Humans ; Hydatidiform Mole ; diagnosis ; genetics ; metabolism ; Immunohistochemistry ; Pregnancy ; Uterine Neoplasms ; diagnosis ; genetics ; metabolism

This study aims to investigate the relationship between odor and contents of the chemical compounds in Lonicera japonica, including chlorogenic acid, galuteolin and polyphenols. High performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) was applied to determine the contents of chlorogenic acid and galuteolin in L. japonica. The ponptent of polyphenols was determined by UV-Vis Spectrophotometry. Electronic nose was used to extract and measure the odor of L. japonica. Then SPSS 17.0 software was employed for data processing. There is a significant positive correlation between the comprehensive index value of aroma and the contents of chlorogenic acid and polyphenols. The regression equations have been established. However, the relationship between the comprehensive index value and the content of galuteolin is not obvious. This is proof that the odor of L. japonica has close connection with the chemical compounds. Therefore, this research offered a new method for initially determine or predict the content of the chemical composition in L. japonica,
Chlorogenic Acid ; chemistry ; Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid ; methods ; Electronic Nose ; Lonicera ; chemistry ; Odorants ; analysis ; Polyphenols ; chemistry ; Smell