Objective To explore the dead reasons and related factors of acute leakemia(AL)in children.Methods The clinical data of 42 dead cases of children with AL,who were admitted to Guangzhou Children's Hospital between Jan.1999 and Mar.2007 were reviewed.Nineteen cases were boys,23 cases were girls;the aging from 4 months to 12 years old and 5 months.Of 42 children,21 cases were acute lymphoblastic leukemia(ALL),18 cases were acute myeloid leukemia(AML),3 cases were unclassified AL.Results Ten out of 12 early-dead cases died of bleeding.Among 30 cases who received chemotherapy,4 cases died of bleeding,others of myelosuppression combined with infection,14 of whom died from sepsis,3 cases with fungal infection,1 case with virus infection,4 cases with unknown pathogens.Sixteen children relapsed among those who got remission,half of them relapsed within 1 year since diagnosed.Treatment-related mortality(TRM)was 90%(27 out of 30 cases).The main causes of TRM were infection and hemorrhage.Hyperleukocytosis and bleeding were 2 risk factors related to early death in new-diagnosed children.Conclusions More emphasizes should be put on bleeding tendency during early treatment in children with AL and treatment of infection complications during induction chemotherapy to reduce TRM.

Objective To investigate the technique of drain air, cryotherapy, and explant (DACE) of operation for superior bullous retinal detachment (SBRD). Methods In the DACE procedure, drainage and air or balanced salt soultion (BSS) injection were carried out first, with the intention of flattening the retina before localization of retinal hole, cryotherapy out of choroid and scleral buckling. Results In 42 SBRD eyes, 40 underwent the operation with DACE technique. In 23 eyes injected with BSS instead of air, 5 should be injected air due to no avail for flattening deeply retinal detachment, and 1 needed scleral buckling due to new retinal tear after DACE procedure two weeks. During the follow up, all retinae attached. Conclusions The DACE technique is very useful and effective in upper ballooned retinal detachment due to single hole or breaks localized in small area between the 10 and 2 o′clock meridiant. BSS instead of air injection can eliminate the difficulty of observation of retinal breaks from the presence of air in some cases.

30?) and 33 subjects of low angle (MP/FH

Animals ; Carps ; physiology ; Galvanic Skin Response ; drug effects ; physiology ; Skin ; cytology ; Strychnine ; pharmacology ; Synaptic Transmission ; drug effects ; physiology

Objective To investigate the apathy and neuropsychological characteristics of newly diagnosed Parkinson's disease (PD) patients.Methods Eighty-two newly diagnosed PD patients and 30 matched healthy controls by age,sex and education level were recruited in the present study.Apathy was assessed using Apathy Evaluation Scale (AES) and related factors,including age,sex,education level and disease duration were simultaneously evaluated.Unified Parkinson's Disease Rating Scale (UPDRS),Hamilton Depression Rating Scale (HAMD),as well as Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA) were employed in order to respectively evaluate the motor function,depression and cognition.Results The AES scores in the PD patients were significantly higher when compared to the healthy controls.The prevalence of apathy and depression in the PD patients was 51.2％ (42/82) and 19.5％ (16/82),respectively.There were no statistically significant differences in age,sex,education level,UPDRS-Ⅱ/Ⅲ scores and MoCA scores between apathy (n =42) and no-apathy (n =40) PD patients (P ＞ 0.05),while the statistically significant difference in HAMD scores between apathy (n =42) and no-apathy (n =40) PD patients was shown (the HAMD scores of apathy PD patients were 10.61 ± 3.30,the HAMD scores of no-apathy PD patients were 5.96 ± 1.90,t =7.87,P ＜ 0.05).The correlation analysis indicated that there were no correlations between AES scores and the related factors,including age,education level,disease duration and UPDRS-Ⅱ / Ⅲ scores,but AES scores were positively correlated with HAMD scores.Conclusion In newly diagnosed PD patients,the apathy is independent of depression,motor dysfunction,as well as cognitive impairment,which may be an early signal for PD.

Objective To compare the mRNA expressions of interleukin (IL)-17 and IL-23 in peripheral blood of patients with psoriasis vulgaris versus healthy individuals,assess the relationship of these parameters with psoriasis area and severity index (PASI) score,and to investigate the therapeutic mechanisms of total glucosides of peony (TGP) for psoriasis vulgaris.Methods Fifty patients with psoriasis vulgaris and 40 healthy individuals were enrolled in this study.Of these patients,42 were treated with TGP of 600-900 mg twice a day for 8 weeks.Blood samples were obtained from all the healthy individuals,50 patients before treatment,42 patients after 4-week treatment,and 23 patients after 8-week treatment.Real-time fluorescence-based quantitative reverse transcription PCR (RT-PCR) was used to determine the mRNA expression levels of IL-17 and IL-23 in the blood samples.The severity of psoriasis was evaluated using PASI score before and after the treatment.Statistical analysis was done by t test,rank sum test,and Pearson correlation analysis using the SPSS16.0 software.Results The IL-17 and IL-23 mRNA expression levels (given in △Ct value) in the patients before treatment were significantly higher than those in the healthy controls (IL-17,-5.32 ± 0.80 vs.2.79 ± 0.76,t =47.71,P ＜ 0.05; IL-23,-5.43 ± 0.68 vs.-3.77 ± 0.86,t =10.38,P ＜ 0.05),and positively correlated with the PASI score (r =0.61,0.52 respectively,both P ＜ 0.05).A significant decrease was observed in the mRNA expression levels of IL-17 and IL-23 as well as PASI score in the 42 patients after 4-week treatment with TGP compared with those before treatment(IL-17,-2.24 ± 0.61 vs.-5.30 ± 0.78,t =20.40,P ＜ 0.05; IL-23,-1.97 ± 0.74 vs.-5.44 ± 0.68,t =21.69,P ＜ 0.05; PASI,5.8 ± 2.7 vs.9.4 ± 4.2,t =4.68,P ＜ 0.05),and in the 23 patients after 8-week treatment compared with those after 4-wek treatment(IL-17,-1.51 ± 0.78 vs.-2.21 ± 0.59,t =3.50,P ＜ 0.05; IL-23,-1.27 ± 0.81 vs.-1.89 ± 0.72,t =2.70,P＜ 0.05; PASI,3.8 ± 1.8 vs.7.3 ± 2.5,t =5.47,P＜ 0.05).Conclusions It seems that both IL-17 and IL-23 are involved in the pathogenesis of psoriasis vulgaris,and TGP treatment can reduce the mRNA expression levels of IL-17 and IL-23 as well as PASI score in patients with psoriasis vulgaris.

Objective To establish an experimental choroidal neovascularization(CNV)model in brown norway(BN)rats by laser infusion in order to study the evolution of CNV during 3 weeks with intravitreaI injection of 1 μl(25 μg)bevacizumab,and make a preliminary investigation of the treatment effect of bevacizumab on experimental CNV. Methods Four groups of 48 BN rats were photocoagulated by krypton laser in 1 eye to induce CNV model in 1 eye,in which 4 groups received 1 μl(25 μg)bevacizumab intravitreal injection 1 week after photocoagulation and the other groups received the same volume intravitreall injection of balanced salt solution(BSS)as control.Fundus fluorescein angiography(FFA)examinations were taken on 1,2,3 week and the eyes were enucleated and processed for histopathologic examination.The areas of CNV were measured in the early phase of FFA.FⅧ-Rag protein was investigated with immunohistoehemistry and was semiquantkatively analyzed. Results The area and the leakage of CNV in bevacizumab treated BN rat eyes were obviously reduced as compared with the control group at each interval.In the treatment group,the expression of FⅧ-Rag was depressed.The examination of FⅧ-Rag and FFA verified the depression of CNV as compared with the control group at each interval.The density of treatment was lower than of control group(P＜0.01).After bevacizumab treatment for 2 weeks,the area of CNV and the expression of FⅧ-Rag were decreased[(0.920±0.634)mm2 and 35.57±10.52,respectively),as compared with the control group[(2.489±0.590)mm2 and 175.37±25.20]. Conclusions Intravitreal bevacizumab injection can inhibit the development of CNV.

Humans ; Infant ; Male ; Tuberous Sclerosis ; Twins

Carcinoma, Non-Small-Cell Lung ; diagnostic imaging ; Humans ; Lung ; diagnostic imaging ; Lung Neoplasms ; diagnostic imaging ; Perfusion Imaging ; Radiotherapy, Intensity-Modulated ; methods ; Tomography, Emission-Computed, Single-Photon ; methods

The clinical data of patients with hypoparathyroidism accompanied by elevated and normal muscle enzymes were analyzed retrospectively.The results showed that there were no differences in age,gender,pathogenesis,etiology,and parathormone level between groups with elevated muscle enzyme and normal muscle enzyme.Serum calcium concentration in the group with normal muscle enzyme was within normal range.Serum calcium concentration in the group with elevated muscle enzyme was significantly lower than that in the group with normal muscle enzyme (P＜0.01).As the serum calcium concentration rose,the elevated enzyme level gradually returned to normal range,suggesting that the decrease of serum calcium concentration resulted in the elevated muscle enzyme levels in patients with hypoparathyroidism.