Further study of the effect of monosodium glutamate on body temperature using rabbits as experimental model by repeatedly intravenous injection of MSG. The experimental results showed that the body temperature of rabbits were decreased significantly at a time of each day consecutively for three days with medium dose MSG(0.5g/kg/day) However, this effect was disappeared following the fourth administration of MSG a week later, and so did the fifth administration of MSG two weeks later. Those results suggested that the disappearance of decreased body temperature by MSG may be due to tolerance development after MSG was administrated repeatedly. The authors proposed two hypotheses of mechanisms for the development of MSG"tolerance". which would be investigated further.

OBJECTIVETo investigate the correlation of the autophagy-associated gene Atg5 with the pathogenesis of prostate cancer.

METHODSUsing real-time fluorescent quantitative reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) and immunohistochemistry, we detected the expression of Atg5 in 50 cases of prostate intraepithelial neoplasm (PIN), 69 cases of prostate cancer (PCa), and 30 cases of benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH).

RESULTSThe expression level of Atg5 mRNA was significantly higher in PIN (5.270 ± 0.230) and PCa (5.131 ± 0.252) than in the BPH tissue (1.723 ± 0.017) (P <0.01), and so was the positive rate of the Atg5 expression in the patients of the PIN group (94%) and PCa group (88.4%) than in those of the BPH group (6.7%) (P<0.01), but with no statistically significant differences between the PIN and PCa groups (P >0.05). No significant correlation was observed between the expression of Atg5 and the Gleason score of PCa (P >0.05).

CONCLUSIONThe upregulated expression of Atg5 might play a role in the tumorigenesis of prostate cancer.

Aged ; Autophagy ; Autophagy-Related Protein 5 ; Humans ; Immunohistochemistry ; Male ; Microtubule-Associated Proteins ; genetics ; Middle Aged ; Prostatic Hyperplasia ; genetics ; Prostatic Neoplasms ; genetics ; RNA, Messenger ; metabolism ; Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction ; methods ; Up-Regulation

Brain ; Choristoma ; metabolism ; pathology ; surgery ; Female ; Glial Fibrillary Acidic Protein ; metabolism ; Humans ; Infant ; Neurofilament Proteins ; metabolism ; Orbit ; pathology ; surgery ; Orbital Diseases ; metabolism ; pathology ; surgery

Objective To investigate the changes of pH of cerebralspinal fluid (CSFpH) and intracranial pressure(ICP) in the brain tumor patients during nurosurgery, in order to explore the measures for regulating ICP during these procedures Methods Forty-five patients suffering from brain tumor, scheduled for nurosurgery under diazepam-fentanyl-sodium thiopental-atracurium anesthesia, were randomly selected CSFpH and ICP were measured concomitantly during different phases of operation, including pre-anesthetic,post-anethetic periods, tracheal intubation, incision of the durae, excision of tumor and extubationResults As compared with those before anesthesia ,ICP increased gradually and CSFpH decreased gradually after the induction of anesthesia (P

Objective To disclose the inter-species differences among Papaver somniferum L, Papaver rhoeas L and Cannabis sativa L using AFLP analysis. MethodsThe root, stem, foliage, flower, seed of Papaver somniferum L, foliage of Papaver rhoeas L and Cannabis sativa L were collected respectively. DNA was isolated with AxyPrep Kit, and double-digested by EcoR I and Mse I, then oligonucleotide adapters were ligated. After Pre-amplification, selective amplification was performed using 6 pairs of fluorescent primer. The DNA fragments were analyzed using a CEQ 8000 DNA Fragment Analyzer. Results27 to 46, 5 to 20 and 4 to 31 pieces of amplified products were detected from Papaver somniferum L, Cannabis sativa L and Papaver rhoeas L respectively, and significant difference was observed among these three groups of products. The identical species-specific peaks were identified from root, stem, leaf, flower and seed DNA from the same Papaver somniferum L. ConclusionThe diacritical results from Papaver somniferum L, Papaver rhoeas L and Cannabis sativa L, as well as the identical results of different parts from the same plant demonstrated that AFLP analysis could be used possibly to determine the species origin of unknown plants samples.

Objective To improve the diagnostic accuracy by analyzing the computed tomography ( CT) characteristic performance of mucoepidermoid carcinoma of the lung. Methods CT findings 15 cases proved by pathology of mucoepidermoid carcinoma of the lung were retrospectively analyzed,and CT characteristic performance were studied by reviewing the literatures. Results The mucoepidermoid carcino-ma were located in right bronchial of 8 cases,left bronchial of 6 cases,peripheral part of the lung of 1 case. Calcification was seen in 7 mas-ses. Most masses density was not homogeneous at plain scanning. Venous phase have significantly enhanced compared with arterial phase. Ten cases showed obstructive pneumonia and atelectasis,3 cases with mediastinal lymph node metastases. Conclusion Multiple mucoepidermoid carcinoma of the lung grows extension of the long axis of bronchial,calcification be seen in most of patients. The enhanced mode of the lesions appeared as continuous progressive enhancement,some were illustrated with post obstructive pneumonia or atelectasis,CT have a certain value of diagnosis and diffenertial diagnosis.

Objective To investigate the correlation between serum uric acid (SUA) level and early-phase insulin secretion in subjects with normal glucose regulation (NGR).Methods Totally 367 community NGR residents confirmed by a 75g oral glucose tolerance test were enrolled.The insulin resistance index (HOMA-IR) and the early-phase insulin secretion index after a glucose load (ΔI30/ΔG30) were used to estimate the insulin sensitivity and the early-phase insulin secretion, respectively.The subjects were divided into 4 groups according to the SUA level quartiles.Differences in early-phase insulin levels, ΔI30/ΔG30, and HOMA-IR were compared among the 4 groups.Results Age, BMI, waist circumference, systolic blood pressure, diastolic blood pressure, fasting insulin (FINS), 30 minutes postprandial insulin (30 minINS), 2 hours postprandial insulin(2hlNS), HOMA-IR and TG levels increased across the rising categories of SUA levels, while the HDL-C was decreased across the SUA groups (P ＜ 0.01).The SUA level was positively correlated with age (r =0.157, P ＜ 0.01), BMI (r =0.262, P ＜ 0.01), waist circumference(r =0.372, P ＜ 0.01), systolic blood pressure (r =0.200, P ＜ 0.01), diastolic blood pressure(r =0.254,P ＜ 0.01) , 30 minutes postprandial plasma glucose(r =0.118 ,P =0.023), FINS(r =0.249, P ＜ 0.01), 30minlNS (r =0.189, P ＜ 0.01) ,2hlNS (r =0.206, P ＜ 0.01), glycosylated hemoglobin (HbAlc, r=0.106,P =0.042), HOMA-IR(r =0.244,P ＜0.01), TG(r =0.350,P ＜0.01), ΔI30/ΔG30 (r =0.144, P ＜ 0.01), and negatively correlated with HDL-C level (r =-0.321, P ＜ 0.01).Multiple stepwise regression analysis showed that SUA (β =0.292, P ＜ 0.01) and HOMA-IR (β3 =29.821, P ＜ 0.01)were positively associated with ΔI30/ΔG30.Conclusion SUA level is closely related with the early-phase insulin secretion in NGR subjects.

[Summary] Serum cystatin C levels were measured by microparticle enhanced turbidimetry in 114 type 2diabetic patients without retinopathy (group A) and 105 type 2 diabetic patients with retinopathy (group B),as well as 47 normal healthy individuals as controls (group NC).The results showed that the serum cystatin C level of group B was much higher than those of group NC and group A (P＜0.05).However,there was no difference in serum cystatin C level between group NC and group A.Multivariate logistic regression analysis revealed that serum levels of cystatin C and cholesterol,and systemic blood pressure were independent risk factors of diabetic retinopathy in type 2 diabetic patients (all P＜0.05),suggesting that detection of serum cystatin C level may play an important role in early diagnosis and prevention of diabetic retinopathy.

Objective To compare the effects of fundus fluorescein angiography (FFA) and indocyanine green angiography (ICGA) on classifications and locations of choroidal neovascularization (CNV) located under subretinal hemorrhage in age-related macular degeneration, and on the area-measuring of subretinal hemorrhage. Methods The medical record of 177 patients with subretinal hemorrhage associated with AMD confirmed by photochrome of ocular fundus, FFA and ICGA examinations were retrospectively reviewed. The locations and classifications of CNV on the images of FFA and ICGA in the 177 patients and the area of subretinal hemorrhage of 30 patients randomly selected from the 177 patients were analyzed and measured. Results On the images of FFA, the locations and classifications of CNV could be defined in 160 patients (90.4%), and CNV was considered eligible for laser therapy in 24 patients (13.6%). On the images of ICGA, the locations and classifications of CNV could be defined in 175 patients (98.9%),and CNV was considered eligible for laser therapy in 51 patients (28.8%). There was no statistical difference of the locations (Z=-0.383,P=0.701) and classifications (?2=2.993,P=0.810) of CNV on the images of FFA and ICGA. The areas of blocked fluorescence measured on the images of FFA (=26.610 mm2 and M= 13.548 mm2) were larger than those of ICGA (=24.714 mm2, M=12.875 mm2) with statistical differences (Z=-3.000,P=0.003) between FFA and ICGA. Conclusions ICGA is beneficial for imaging CNV located under subretinal hemorrhage, and may increase the number of the patients who are considered eligible for laser treatment. The effect of measurement of the area of subretinal hemorrhage in AMD evaluated by FFA is better.

ObjectiveTo explore serum interleukin-6 ( IL-6),interleukin-8 ( IL-8 ),tumor necrosis factor α (TNF-α) on neonatal hypoxic ischemic encephalopathy (HIE) in the pathogenesis of clinical significance before and after the intervention of neonates with asphyxia.Methodsforty cases of normal neonates were selected as normal group,70 cases of neonates with asphyxia were selected as asphyxia group and they were randomly divided into Fructose-1,6-diphosphate (FDP)group (conventional treatment combined with FDP,n =40) and control group ( conventional treatment,n =30 ).Patients in the conventional treatment group were maintained good ventilation function,their heart rate,blood pressure were in normal range,and their blood sugar were in normal high-value.And measures were taken to control convulsions,increase intracranial pressure and eliminate the brainstem symptoms. Patients in the Fructose-1,6-diphosphate (FDP) group were treated with intravenous FDP injection 250 mg/( kg · d)within 6h after birth in addition to the conventional treatment,and the course was 10 days.No special treatment was given to the healthy control group,and they returned to hospital for a return visit after discharged form hospital at the birth of the 10th day.The level of IL-8,IL-6 and TNF-α were monitored in three groups after they were born 6 h,3 d and 10 d,and 72 h HIE incidence rate were observed.Results There was no significant difference on the level of IL-6,IL-8 and TNF-α within 6 h after birth in asphyxia group ( P ＞ 0.05 ).Within 3 days after birth,IL-6 level was lower than that in the normal group [ (2.22 ± 1.26) ng/L vs ( 3.04 ± 0.98 ) ng/L,P ＜ 0.05 ],IL-8,TNF-α levels were higher than those in the normal group [ ( 18.62 ± 14.56)ng/L vs ( 15.62 ± 11.25 ) ng/L,(50.28 ± 18.74 ) ng/L vs (42.02 ± 12.25 )ng/L,P ＜0.05 ].In FDP group,within 3 days after birth,the level of IL-6 was higher than that in control group [ (2.65 ± 1.13 ) ng/L vs ( 1.24 ± 1.06) ng/L,P ＜ 0.05 ],the levels of IL-8 and TNF-α were significantly lower than those in the control group [ ( 17.24 ± 12.48 ) ng/L vs (22.46 ± 10.88 ) ng/L,(44.62 ± 18.27 ) ng/L vs (54.25 ± 17.28)ng/L,P ＜0.01 ] ;There was no significant difference on the level of IL-6 on the 10th day after birth among the three groups ( P ＞ 0.05 ).While in the FDP group,the levels of IL-8 and TNF-αwere significantly lower than those in the control group [ ( 14.25 ± 12.75 ) ng/L vs ( 17.23 ± 11.33 ) ng/L,(37.41 ±17.55)ng/L vs (48.21 ± 16.54)ng/L,P ＜ 0.01 ] ;The incidence of HIE and moderate to severe HIE in FDP group were significantly lower than that in the control group ( 22.5％ ( 9/40 ) vs 46.7％ ( 14/30 ),x2 =4.538,P＜0.05;5％(2/40)vs26.7％(8/30),x2 =4.595,P ＜0.05].ConclusionBlood level of IL-6 was lower and the level of IL-8 and TNF-α were higher in perinatal asphyxia and HIE patients,they may be involved in the pathogenesis of HIE.Early intervention can reduce the incidence of HIE and the incidence of severe HIE.