Further study of the effect of monosodium glutamate on body temperature using rabbits as experimental model by repeatedly intravenous injection of MSG. The experimental results showed that the body temperature of rabbits were decreased significantly at a time of each day consecutively for three days with medium dose MSG(0.5g/kg/day) However, this effect was disappeared following the fourth administration of MSG a week later, and so did the fifth administration of MSG two weeks later. Those results suggested that the disappearance of decreased body temperature by MSG may be due to tolerance development after MSG was administrated repeatedly. The authors proposed two hypotheses of mechanisms for the development of MSG"tolerance". which would be investigated further.

OBJECTIVETo investigate the correlation of the autophagy-associated gene Atg5 with the pathogenesis of prostate cancer.

METHODSUsing real-time fluorescent quantitative reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) and immunohistochemistry, we detected the expression of Atg5 in 50 cases of prostate intraepithelial neoplasm (PIN), 69 cases of prostate cancer (PCa), and 30 cases of benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH).

RESULTSThe expression level of Atg5 mRNA was significantly higher in PIN (5.270 ± 0.230) and PCa (5.131 ± 0.252) than in the BPH tissue (1.723 ± 0.017) (P <0.01), and so was the positive rate of the Atg5 expression in the patients of the PIN group (94%) and PCa group (88.4%) than in those of the BPH group (6.7%) (P<0.01), but with no statistically significant differences between the PIN and PCa groups (P >0.05). No significant correlation was observed between the expression of Atg5 and the Gleason score of PCa (P >0.05).

CONCLUSIONThe upregulated expression of Atg5 might play a role in the tumorigenesis of prostate cancer.

Aged ; Autophagy ; Autophagy-Related Protein 5 ; Humans ; Immunohistochemistry ; Male ; Microtubule-Associated Proteins ; genetics ; Middle Aged ; Prostatic Hyperplasia ; genetics ; Prostatic Neoplasms ; genetics ; RNA, Messenger ; metabolism ; Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction ; methods ; Up-Regulation

ObjectiveTo explore serum interleukin-6 ( IL-6),interleukin-8 ( IL-8 ),tumor necrosis factor α (TNF-α) on neonatal hypoxic ischemic encephalopathy (HIE) in the pathogenesis of clinical significance before and after the intervention of neonates with asphyxia.Methodsforty cases of normal neonates were selected as normal group,70 cases of neonates with asphyxia were selected as asphyxia group and they were randomly divided into Fructose-1,6-diphosphate (FDP)group (conventional treatment combined with FDP,n =40) and control group ( conventional treatment,n =30 ).Patients in the conventional treatment group were maintained good ventilation function,their heart rate,blood pressure were in normal range,and their blood sugar were in normal high-value.And measures were taken to control convulsions,increase intracranial pressure and eliminate the brainstem symptoms. Patients in the Fructose-1,6-diphosphate (FDP) group were treated with intravenous FDP injection 250 mg/( kg · d)within 6h after birth in addition to the conventional treatment,and the course was 10 days.No special treatment was given to the healthy control group,and they returned to hospital for a return visit after discharged form hospital at the birth of the 10th day.The level of IL-8,IL-6 and TNF-α were monitored in three groups after they were born 6 h,3 d and 10 d,and 72 h HIE incidence rate were observed.Results There was no significant difference on the level of IL-6,IL-8 and TNF-α within 6 h after birth in asphyxia group ( P ＞ 0.05 ).Within 3 days after birth,IL-6 level was lower than that in the normal group [ (2.22 ± 1.26) ng/L vs ( 3.04 ± 0.98 ) ng/L,P ＜ 0.05 ],IL-8,TNF-α levels were higher than those in the normal group [ ( 18.62 ± 14.56)ng/L vs ( 15.62 ± 11.25 ) ng/L,(50.28 ± 18.74 ) ng/L vs (42.02 ± 12.25 )ng/L,P ＜0.05 ].In FDP group,within 3 days after birth,the level of IL-6 was higher than that in control group [ (2.65 ± 1.13 ) ng/L vs ( 1.24 ± 1.06) ng/L,P ＜ 0.05 ],the levels of IL-8 and TNF-α were significantly lower than those in the control group [ ( 17.24 ± 12.48 ) ng/L vs (22.46 ± 10.88 ) ng/L,(44.62 ± 18.27 ) ng/L vs (54.25 ± 17.28)ng/L,P ＜0.01 ] ;There was no significant difference on the level of IL-6 on the 10th day after birth among the three groups ( P ＞ 0.05 ).While in the FDP group,the levels of IL-8 and TNF-αwere significantly lower than those in the control group [ ( 14.25 ± 12.75 ) ng/L vs ( 17.23 ± 11.33 ) ng/L,(37.41 ±17.55)ng/L vs (48.21 ± 16.54)ng/L,P ＜ 0.01 ] ;The incidence of HIE and moderate to severe HIE in FDP group were significantly lower than that in the control group ( 22.5％ ( 9/40 ) vs 46.7％ ( 14/30 ),x2 =4.538,P＜0.05;5％(2/40)vs26.7％(8/30),x2 =4.595,P ＜0.05].ConclusionBlood level of IL-6 was lower and the level of IL-8 and TNF-α were higher in perinatal asphyxia and HIE patients,they may be involved in the pathogenesis of HIE.Early intervention can reduce the incidence of HIE and the incidence of severe HIE.

Objective To disclose the inter-species differences among Papaver somniferum L, Papaver rhoeas L and Cannabis sativa L using AFLP analysis. MethodsThe root, stem, foliage, flower, seed of Papaver somniferum L, foliage of Papaver rhoeas L and Cannabis sativa L were collected respectively. DNA was isolated with AxyPrep Kit, and double-digested by EcoR I and Mse I, then oligonucleotide adapters were ligated. After Pre-amplification, selective amplification was performed using 6 pairs of fluorescent primer. The DNA fragments were analyzed using a CEQ 8000 DNA Fragment Analyzer. Results27 to 46, 5 to 20 and 4 to 31 pieces of amplified products were detected from Papaver somniferum L, Cannabis sativa L and Papaver rhoeas L respectively, and significant difference was observed among these three groups of products. The identical species-specific peaks were identified from root, stem, leaf, flower and seed DNA from the same Papaver somniferum L. ConclusionThe diacritical results from Papaver somniferum L, Papaver rhoeas L and Cannabis sativa L, as well as the identical results of different parts from the same plant demonstrated that AFLP analysis could be used possibly to determine the species origin of unknown plants samples.

Objective To improve the diagnostic accuracy by analyzing the computed tomography ( CT) characteristic performance of mucoepidermoid carcinoma of the lung. Methods CT findings 15 cases proved by pathology of mucoepidermoid carcinoma of the lung were retrospectively analyzed,and CT characteristic performance were studied by reviewing the literatures. Results The mucoepidermoid carcino-ma were located in right bronchial of 8 cases,left bronchial of 6 cases,peripheral part of the lung of 1 case. Calcification was seen in 7 mas-ses. Most masses density was not homogeneous at plain scanning. Venous phase have significantly enhanced compared with arterial phase. Ten cases showed obstructive pneumonia and atelectasis,3 cases with mediastinal lymph node metastases. Conclusion Multiple mucoepidermoid carcinoma of the lung grows extension of the long axis of bronchial,calcification be seen in most of patients. The enhanced mode of the lesions appeared as continuous progressive enhancement,some were illustrated with post obstructive pneumonia or atelectasis,CT have a certain value of diagnosis and diffenertial diagnosis.

Objective To investigate the changes of pH of cerebralspinal fluid (CSFpH) and intracranial pressure(ICP) in the brain tumor patients during nurosurgery, in order to explore the measures for regulating ICP during these procedures Methods Forty-five patients suffering from brain tumor, scheduled for nurosurgery under diazepam-fentanyl-sodium thiopental-atracurium anesthesia, were randomly selected CSFpH and ICP were measured concomitantly during different phases of operation, including pre-anesthetic,post-anethetic periods, tracheal intubation, incision of the durae, excision of tumor and extubationResults As compared with those before anesthesia ,ICP increased gradually and CSFpH decreased gradually after the induction of anesthesia (P

Objective To compare the effects of fundus fluorescein angiography (FFA) and indocyanine green angiography (ICGA) on classifications and locations of choroidal neovascularization (CNV) located under subretinal hemorrhage in age-related macular degeneration, and on the area-measuring of subretinal hemorrhage. Methods The medical record of 177 patients with subretinal hemorrhage associated with AMD confirmed by photochrome of ocular fundus, FFA and ICGA examinations were retrospectively reviewed. The locations and classifications of CNV on the images of FFA and ICGA in the 177 patients and the area of subretinal hemorrhage of 30 patients randomly selected from the 177 patients were analyzed and measured. Results On the images of FFA, the locations and classifications of CNV could be defined in 160 patients (90.4%), and CNV was considered eligible for laser therapy in 24 patients (13.6%). On the images of ICGA, the locations and classifications of CNV could be defined in 175 patients (98.9%),and CNV was considered eligible for laser therapy in 51 patients (28.8%). There was no statistical difference of the locations (Z=-0.383,P=0.701) and classifications (?2=2.993,P=0.810) of CNV on the images of FFA and ICGA. The areas of blocked fluorescence measured on the images of FFA (=26.610 mm2 and M= 13.548 mm2) were larger than those of ICGA (=24.714 mm2, M=12.875 mm2) with statistical differences (Z=-3.000,P=0.003) between FFA and ICGA. Conclusions ICGA is beneficial for imaging CNV located under subretinal hemorrhage, and may increase the number of the patients who are considered eligible for laser treatment. The effect of measurement of the area of subretinal hemorrhage in AMD evaluated by FFA is better.

Objective To study the pharmacological effects of Qinggong Decoction on sedation and hypnosis. Methods Fifty mice were randomly divided into five groups: NS group, diazepam group, and low-, mid-, high-dose Qinggong Decoction group. Diazepam group was given 0.1 mL/10 g diazepam, and other four groups were given 0.2 mL/10 g corresponding drugs. Spontaneous activities before and after ig. were recorded and the sleeping time of mice with pentobarbital sodium (superthreshold dosage) and the number of the sleeping mice with pentobarbital sodium (subthreshold dosage) were measured. Convulsion model induced by nikethamide was used to observe the change of the seizure rate in mice after given Qinggong Decoction. Results Qinggong Decoction (3.0, 6.0 g/kg) could obviously inhibit spontaneous activities of mice, prolong the sleeping time of mice with pentobarbital sodium (superthreshold dosage) and increase in the number of the sleeping mice with pentobarbital sodium (subthreshold dosage), and had markedly anticonvulsant effect in mice induced by nikethamide. Conclusion Qinggong Decoction has obvious effects of sedation, hypnosis and anticonvulsion.

Objective To investigate the inhibitory effects of combined treatment of nimesulide, a selective cyclooxygenase-2 inhibitor, with 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) on gastric cancer cell lines and its pos-sible mechanisms. Methods The human gastric cancer cell lines MKN45 and MKN28 were used in the study. After 48 hours treatment with nimesulide or 5-FU alone or in combination, the cells growth was determined by MTT assay. Flow cytometry and FITC-Annexin-V/PI kit were used to determine the effect of drugs on the cell cycle and the apoptosis of gastric cancer cells. The expression of COX-2 mRNA was detected by RT-PCR. The expressions of apoptosis-associated protein Bax and Bcl-2 were detected by Western blotting. Results Different level of COX-2 mRNA expression was observed in MKN45 and MKN28 cell lines. Treatment of the two cell lines with nimesulide in combination with 5-FU can significantly reduce the expression of COX-2 mRNA. Nimesulide could inhibit the growth and induce apoptosis of gastric cells. Combined treatment of nimesulide with 5-FU resulted in a synergistic effect of inhibiting growth and inducing apoptosis. The synergistic inhibiting effect on cell growth was irrespective of treatment sequence, but the highest cytotoxity was obtained when the cell lines were treated with two drugs simultaneously. Treatment with 5-FU enhanced expression of the pro-apoptotic gene Bax, while nimesulide reduced expression of the anti-apoptotic gene Bcl-2, resulting in a significantly higher ratio of Bax-to-Bcl-2. Conclusions The combined treatment of nimesulide with 5-FU results in synergistic inhibiting effect on growth of gastric cancer cell lines, and inducing apoptosis by enhanced Bax-to-Bcl-2 ratio and suppression of COX-2 mRNA expression may be the mechanisms.

Objective To observe the short -term effect and safety of entecavir in the treatment of 50 patients with decompensated liver cirrhosis.Methods 92 patients with decompensated liver cirrhosis met the inclusion criteria in our hospital were selected as study subjects.The patients were randomly divided into the observation group (46 cases)and the control group(46 cases).The control group received routine treatment,including the liver,liver, diuretic,jaundice,symptomatic and supportive treatment and prevention of complications.The observation group was given entecavir for 48 weeks on the basis of the control group,0.5 mg /times,qd.The clinical effects were assessed after treatment.Results The HBV -DNA,ALT,TBIL,Child -Pugh score of the observation group and the control group after treatment were (2.05 ±0.32)log10 IU /mL and (3.11 ±0.36)log10 IU /mL,(32.1 ±8.5)U /L and (90.3 ±12.6)U /L,(27.8 ±7.1 )μmol/L and (35.3 ±8.2)μmol/L,(6.42 ±1.24)points and (9.20 ± 1.46)points,which were significantly lower than before treatment (t =6.563 and 5.341,11.266 and 7.044,7.346 and 6.013,6.252 and 4.423,all P <0.05).The ALB levels were (38.5 ±2.9)g/L and (34.4 ±3.0)g/L,which were significantly higher than before treatment(t =4.812 and 3.701,all P <0.05).The HBV -DNA,ALT,TBIL, Child -Pugh score of the observation group after treatment were significantly lower than the control group (t =3.335, 3.431,3.411,3.204,all P <0.05).The ALB of the observation group after treatment was significantly higher than the control group (t =3.034,P <0.05).There were two cases of deaths(4.45%)in the observation group,8 cases of deaths(17.39%) in the control group because of progressive deterioration,there was significant difference in treatment outcome between the two groups(χ2 =4.039,P <0.05).Conclusion Entecavir can delay progression, effectively reducing HBV -DNA,improve liver function and Child -Pugh score in the treatment of patients with decompensated liver cirrhosis,it can be used as first -line drug use.